光—生物降解发泡PS快餐具性能的评价方法

通过国内几家单位所开发的光-生物降解发泡聚苯乙烯餐盒使用性能和降解性能的实验研究,初步提出应从理化指标、毒性指标及样品经氙灯光源加速老化试验、自然气候暴露试验和野外降解试验后红外光谱分析、样品厚度变化及分子量变化情况的测试等方面对新型餐盒进行评价,为该类产品的研制、开发及应用提供了依据。     

降解PE膜,发泡PS餐盒评价方法的研究

对不同的降解ＰＥ膜,发泡ＰＳ餐盒用拉伸断裂伸长率保留率,拉伸强度保留率、质量损失率,分子量变化和生物生长程度来评价其降解性能,研究结果表明经过光照后的样品生物降解性提高;聚己内酯降解塑料要比淀粉填充的ＰＥ部分降解塑料的生物降解性好;真菌比细菌的侵蚀性更强。另外,也研究了不同淀粉含量的制品对生物降解性的影响,同时讨论了几个影响降解的因素。     

扫描电镜及能谱仪在一次性聚丙烯餐盒安全性研究中的应用

本文采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及X-射线能量色散谱仪(EDS)对一次性聚丙烯餐盒的质量及安全性进行了研究。简单快捷地分析了样品的结构组成及其中可能存在的添加剂、助剂、填料成分,结合样品的蒸发残渣、有害添加物等分析结果,分别探讨了不同样品中存在的质量及安全问题,为进一步分析聚丙烯餐盒的有害成分提供参考。     

用凝胶渗透色谱法研究涤纶树脂的分子量分布——总结材料之(二)

本工作是七五年的实验的继续,用GPC方法研究了国内外二十个涤纶树脂样品在热降解前后的分子量分布及其变化。经过了一百六十八次的实验,对于各个样品在热降解前后的分布可以进行比较,现将部分样品的实验(实验条件见总结(一))结果分述如下: (一)凝胶色谱柱的标定及其标定曲线见总结(一) (二)国内外部分样品的实验结果: 1.天津油漆厂样品30~#及40~＃的分布见表(一)及图(1)、图(2)各表中:降解％     

可降解材料相容剂的合成及其应用

随着人们生活节奏的日益加快，一次性餐盒用量逐年增加。制造可降解塑料制品可以起到保护环境的作用。可降解材料主要分为生物降解和光降解材料，生物降解材料可在自然环境中的微生物作用下，发生生物化学反应，引起外观霉变到内在质量变化，最终形成CO2和H2O。光降解材料，可在阳光、温度、氧、潮湿等因素的作用下，加速自身光氧化反应，引起从外观到内在质量变化，并可继续被微生物酶作用而进一步降解。     

塑料作为燃烧热实验材料的可行性探究——化工热力学实验设计

塑料作为人工合成的一种高分子化合物,由于具有优异的物理、化学性能而被广泛应用于人类社会的方方面面,但废弃塑料的回收处理成为当今世界的一大难题。文章提出将废弃的餐盒盖和矿泉水瓶作为燃烧热实验材料,并探讨了该类塑料作为实验材料的可行性及其热能回收再利用的可能性。该实验绿色、价廉、安全可靠,同时贴近生活,能引发学生对环保、能源等社会热点问题的关注。     

薄壁聚丙烯专用料的前景与开发

一次性餐盒因其使用方便快捷、价格便宜,全国消费量已达150亿只/年以上,市场前景广阔,其中聚丙烯一次性餐盒具有卫生环保、美观实用、性价比高等其他一次性餐盒无可比拟的优点,正逐渐取代其他材料的餐盒。因此,对薄壁聚丙烯专用料的需求也将越来越大,其用量目前在20万吨/年以上,产品利润较高,薄壁聚丙烯专用料的市场前景和经济效益良好。薄壁聚丙烯专用料的性能指标要求很高,可以在大型聚合生产装置通过氢调法、降解法和平衡法生产,也可以在小型生产装置通过加入降解剂和成核剂来生产。     

微纳结构WO3/Ag2O异质结的制备及其在含油污水处理中的应用

通过两步沉淀法成功合成了具有微纳结构WO₃/Ag₂O异质结样品，采用XRD、SEM、TEM、UV-Vis DRS和PL谱等技术对样品的结构形貌及性质进行分析，以含油石化污水为目标污染物探究其光催化活性。实验结果表明，WO₃/Ag₂O异质结样品具有微纳结构，光谱响应范围较宽，能够提高光生载流子的分离效率。在光催化降解含油污水实验中，WO₃/Ag₂O异质结样品降解率达到了95.5%，一级反应速率常数为0.5859h^-1，分别为纯WO₃和Ag₂O的4.44倍和12.7倍，经过5次循环后，含油污水的降解率仍能达到89.1%。     

一次性塑料餐盒中塑化剂含量测定及迁移研究

外卖食品在与塑料餐盒接触的过程中,餐盒中的塑化剂会随食品环境改变而迁移到食品中,从而进入人体,对人体健康造成威胁。实验选取一次性塑料餐盒为研究目标,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)检测一次性塑料餐盒中10种常见塑化剂的含量,并选择适当的模拟液,分别模拟其在不同食品环境中邻苯二甲酸酯类的迁移规律。在两种餐盒中均检出了DIBP、DBP和DEHP,在不同模拟液迁移实验中,这三种塑化剂均有迁出,且受模拟液种类影响显著。     

铬磁铁矿对茜素绿的降解研究

以共沉淀氧化法制备一组铬掺杂的磁铁矿样品,对它们进行XRD分析,结果显示铬的掺杂不会让磁铁矿的晶体结构有明显变化,并且样品的纯度也较高。对它们进行热重与差重(TG-DSC)分析,数据表明铬能提高磁铁矿的热稳定性。降解实验在下列条件下进行:以茜素绿为目标降解物,以样品和双氧水为催化剂,结果表明铬的掺杂有利于磁铁矿对茜素绿的降解。     

Studies on Reduction in Oil Content in Deep-Fat Fried Legume Based Snack Using Carboxymethyl Starch (CMS)

The need to reduce fat content in deep fat fried foods is acutely felt worldwide due to health associated problems of high fat intake. Sev. a deep fried legume based extruded savoury snack is a vcrv popular snack in the Indian sub-continent. Incorporation of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) was found to reduce the oil content in deep fat fried sev. CMS tested for this purpose was prepared from corn starch and waxy amaranth starch. Best results were obtained with CMS prepared from corn starch.     

化工容器检验中存在的不安全因素及对策

化工容器作为一种重要的生产设备,广泛运用于化工、食品、医疗、石油以及各种相关行业。一般认为,容器作为一种设备,需要定期地进行检验与维修。与一般容器不同的是,化丁容器在应用中更具危险肚,因此,在进行检验时存在诸多不安全因素,针对此问题,提出几项有效措施,以应对化工容器检验时的潜在危险。     

Correlation of omega-3 levels in serum phospholipid from 2053 human blood samples with key fatty acid ratios

Background

The incidence of primary osteoporosis is higher in Japan than in USA and European countries. Recently, the importance of preventive medicine has been gradually recognized in the field of orthopaedic surgery with a concept that peak bone mass should be increased in childhood as much as possible for the prevention of osteoporosis. Under such background, we have developed a new bean snack with an aim to improve bone volume loss. In this study, we examined the effects of a newly developed snack on bone volume and density in osteoporosis model mice.

Methods

Orchiectomy (ORX) and ovariectomy (OVX) were performed for C57BL/6J mice of twelve-week-old (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbar, ME, USA) were used in this experiment. We prepared and given three types of powder diet e.g.: normal calcium diet (NCD, Ca: 0.9%, Clea Japan Co., Tokyo, Japan), low calcium diet (LCD, Ca: 0.63%, Clea Japan Co.,) and special diet (SCD, Ca: 0.9%). Eighteen weeks after surgery, all the animals were sacrified and prepared for histomorphometric analysis to quantify bone density and bone mineral content.

Results

As a result of histomorphometric examination, SCD was revealed to enhance bone volume irrespective of age and sex. The bone density was increased significantly in osteoporosis model mice fed the newly developmental snack as compared with the control mice. The bone mineral content was also enhanced significantly. These phenomena were revealed in both sexes.

Conclusion

It is shown that the newly developed bean snack is highly effective for the improvement of bone volume loss irrespective of sex. We demonstrated that newly developmental snack supplements may be a useful preventive measure for Japanese whose bone mineral density values are less than the ideal condition.     

HDPE／MPA层状容器加工及其阻透性能的研究

本文讨论了HDPE/MPA层状容器的加工以及MPA用量和贮存时间对阻透性的影响,分析了透过滞后、气相和液相透过现象。     

Eigenschaften von maltodextrinbasierten Klebesystemen zur Herstellung nicht süßer Snackriegel

Two maltodextrin based adhesive agents – a paste and a film – for bonding of components in non‐sweet snack bars have been developed. Their adhesive capability, adsorption characteristics and impact on the texture of a snack produced with these agents were investigated. Despite different maximal adhesive strength, both adhesive agents exhibited a sufficient qualitative adhesive capability. The film had less impact on the texture which is attributed to its better water binding capability.     

φ800冷凝塔锥形密封面现场光刀技术

通过合成氨生产中压力容器－－冷凝塔的应用实例，探讨了化工生产高压容器锥形密封面泄漏问题及现场处理技术。     

Application of In-Line Fluorination to Improve Solvent Barrier Properties

In-line fluorination of blow-molded containers provides a proven solvent barrier to HDPE containers. The total volume of solvents packaged in Airopak containers continues to increase as fluorinated HDPE containers are chosen for new solvent-based products and as a substitute for metal and glass containers with barrier properties approaching those of metal and glass at a cost competitive with other packaging alternatives.     

Novel polymer container systems for protein therapeutics and cell culturing

The authors investigated Daikyo CZ cyclic olefin polymer for storing a labile protein-ADAMTS13 and culturing adherent mammalian cells. ADAMTS13 was stored in different containers for one and four months. Protein recovery assays suggest that ADAMTS13 remained enzymatically active. ADAMTS13 recovered from CZ containers is comparable to that of polypropylene vials, and is 10% greater than glass vials. LN229 and HUVEC cells were cultured in CZ containers. Cell proliferation, viability, and migration were studied. LN229 cells cultured in CZ containers exhibited 36% higher proliferation rate and an increase in cell migration, as compared to the polystyrene containers. HUVEC proliferated slower in CZ containers.