膜生物反应器在废水回用中的应用与发展趋势

膜生物反应器是将生物反应器与膜分离技术相结合的一种高效废水处理新技术。综述了膜生物反应器的类型、特点、对污染物的去除特性以及该工艺的影响因素和运行控制,提出了膜生物反应器所存在的问题及其研究进展和发展趋势。     

膜生物反应技术与制浆造纸废水处理

膜生物反应器(MBR)是近年来发展起来的一种新型废水处理工艺。介绍了膜生物反应器在废水处理中的应用优势，并初步阐述了其在难降解造纸废水中的处理效果。     

废纸造纸厂水处理工程的改造

在废纸造纸厂原有的AB好氧废水处理工艺基础上,改造建设了以新型高效UASB反应器为核心的厌氧.好氧生物处理系统.结合合理的工艺设计和水的再生回用,成功地实现了达标排放下节能降耗的目标.运行结果表明,处理后再生水质可以满足生产回用水质要求,吨纸平均用水量从原来的78m3降低到20m3,吨纸产品节约废纸0.02 t、节电约45kWh,显著降低了生产成本.     

染整废水处理新突破

由东华大学开发的新型大孔纤维膜在废水处理及回用方面的技术获得突破,印染废水经过处理可以回收再利用,而成本只比目前不能回用的废水处理技术增加1％,染整废水回用率高达80％,解决了印染废水处理难题。     

MBR工艺处理印染废水的现状与展望

阐述了我国印染废水的概况和膜生物反应器（MBR）技术的特点，回顾并分析了近年来国内MBR工艺处理印染废水的研究概况和特点，结合我国印染行业当前及未来发展趋势，提出了未来MBR工艺应用于印染废水处理的研究方向和发展趋势。     

前置ABR双膜式生物反应器技术在食品加工和屠宰废水处理中的开发研究

介绍一种用于食品加工、屠宰废水处理的前置ABR双膜式生物反应器废水处理技术,通过对该工艺的原理、结构、技术分析和示范实例介绍,充分论证了前置ABR双膜式生物反应器用在食品加工、屠宰废水处理项目中工艺技术的先进性和使用效果的优越性。     

MBR处理印染废水中膜的污染及清洗研究

印染废水组成复杂、色度大、难于生物降解,传统的污水治理方法处理效果不理想,所以印染废水的处理一直是企业和科研机构关注的一个难题。针对水解酸化-好氧膜生物反应器工艺系统在运行过程中膜污染的情况,着重分析膜通量和膜阻力的变化,提出几种膜清洗的方法。     

中水回用中的MBR

阐述了我国水资源短缺的状况,提出中水回用的重要性和必要性,综述了MBR(膜生物反应器)工艺在国内外中水回用中的应用现状,介绍了MBR工艺和特点。     

典型膜生物反应器工艺流程分析比较

介绍了膜生物反应器的工艺组成和特点、膜分离膜生物反应器工艺类型、处理污水的优缺点,简明介绍了膜生物反应器在不同领域的应用,针对当前国际上应用最广的三种膜生物反应器工艺流程进行介绍,对Kubota平板淹没式膜生物反应器、ZenoGem淹没式中空纤维膜生物反应器、Pleide分置式平板膜生物反应器三种膜生物反应器在的应用实例进行对比分析研究。     

新型膜生物反应器中水回用技术

某厂生活污水采用"气升循环分体式膜生物反应器"为主体的处理技术处理后,出水水质优于回用水质。     

食品工业废水的膜法处理与回用技术

食品工业中产生的废水量大,水质恶劣,对环境的污染严重。味精和酒精生产中的废水以及大豆、谷物、果蔬、肉类、牛乳和饮料加工中的废水,是食品工业废水的主要来源。文中在对大量文献资料的调研以及总结膜技术处理废水工程经验的基础上,重点讨论了用微孔过滤(MF)、超滤(UF)、纳滤(NF)、反渗透(RO)、电渗析(ED)、渗透汽化(PV)、膜生物反应器(MBR)技术处理食品工业废水的现状,概要分析了膜技术处理与回用食品工业废水的工艺参数、工程运行及其产生的社会效益和经济效益。     

Seasonal variation in the occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in different biological wastewater treatment processes

The occurrence of 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in two wastewater treatment plants in Beijing was studied monthly over the course of one year. The removal of PPCPs by three biological treatment processes including conventional activated sludge (CAS), biological nutrient removal (BNR), and membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared during different seasons. Seasonal variations of PPCPs in the wastewater influent were discrepant, while in the wastewater effluent, most PPCPs had lower concentrations in the summer than in the winter. For the easily biodegradable PPCPs, the performance of MBR was demonstrated to be more stable than CAS or BNR especially during winter months. Diclofenac, trimethoprim, metoprolol, and gemfibrozil could be moderately removed by MBR, while their removal by CAS and BNR was much lower or even negligible. Nevertheless, no removal was achieved regardless of the season or the treatment processes for the recalcitrant PPCPs. Studies on the contribution of each tank of the MBR process to the total removal of four biodegradable PPCPs indicated the oxic tank was the most important unit, whereas membrane filtration made a negligible contribution to their elimination.     

Removal of organics and degradation products from industrial wastewater by a membrane bioreactor integrated with ozone or UV/H₂O₂ treatment

The treatment of a pharmaceutical wastewater resulting from the production of an antibacterial drug (nalidixic acid) was investigated employing a membrane bioreactor (MBR) integrated with either ozonation or UV/H(2)O(2) process. This was achieved by placing chemical oxidation in the recirculation stream of the MBR. A conventional configuration with chemical oxidation as polishing for the MBR effluent was also tested as a reference. The synergistic effect of MBR when integrated with chemical oxidation was assessed by monitoring (i) the main wastewater characteristics, (ii) the concentration of nalidixic acid, (iii) the 48 organics identified in the raw wastewater and (iv) the 55 degradation products identified during wastewater treatment. Results showed that MBR integration with ozonation or UV/H(2)O(2) did not cause relevant drawbacks to both biological and filtration processes, with COD removal rates in the range 85-95%. Nalidixic acid passed undegraded through the MBR and was completely removed in the chemical oxidation step. Although the polishing configuration appeared to give better performances than the integrated system in removing 15 out of 48 secondary organics while similar removals were obtained for 19 other compounds. The benefit of the integrated system was however evident for the removal of the degradation products. Indeed, the integrated system allowed higher removals for 34 out of 55 degradation products while for only 4 compounds the polishing configuration gave better performance. Overall, results showed the effectiveness of the integrated treatment with both ozone and UV/H(2)O(2).     

膜生物反应技术用于造纸过程水处理

本文主要介绍了膜生物反应技术的基本原理、应用前景、优缺点以及其在造纸过程水封闭循环中应用研究的现状。     

Removal of sulfur-organic polar micropollutants in a membrane bioreactor treating industrial wastewater

While membrane bioreactors (MBR) have proven their large potential to remove bulk organic matter from municipal as well as industrial wastewater, their suitability to remove poorly degradable polar wastewater contaminants is yet unknown. However, this is an important aspect for the achievable effluent quality and in terms of wastewater reuse. We have analyzed two classes of polar sulfur-organic compounds, naphthalene sulfonates and benzothiazoles, by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) over a period of 3 weeks in the influent and effluent of a full-scale MBR with external ultrafiltration that treats tannery wastewater. While naphthalene monosulfonates were completely removed, total naphthalene disulfonate removal was limited to about 40%, and total benzothiazoles concentration decreased for 87%. Quantitative as well as qualitative data did not indicate an adaptation to or a more complete removal of these polar aromatic compounds by the MBR as compared to literature data on conventional activated sludge treatment. While quality improvements in receiving waters for bulk organic matter are documented and the same can be anticipated for apolar particle-associated contaminants, these data provide no indication that MBR will improve the removal of polar poorly biodegradable organic pollutants.     

A/O MBR组合工艺处理活性染料废水

印染废水组分复杂,含乙烯砜基活性基团的活性染料为生物难降解染料。采用厌氧-好氧膜生物反应器组合工艺(A/O MBR)处理含活性染料的废水,研究A/O MBR对三种活性染料模拟废水的降解特性。结果表明,组合工艺对不同结构活性染料色度的去除效率为:偶氮类>酞菁类>蒽醌类;组合工艺对不同染料的CODCr去除率影响不大;偶氮类染料主要在厌氧条件下脱色;铜酞菁类染料的降解过程主要发生在好氧过程。     

Interrelated effects of aeration and mixed liquor fractions on membrane fouling for submerged membrane bioreactor processes in wastewater treatment

The interactions of mixed liquor fractions and their impacts on membrane fouling were examined at different sparging aeration intensities for submerged hollow-fiber membrane bioreactors (MBR) in wastewater treatment. The mixed liquor samples were fractioned by size into MLSS, colloids quantified by colloidal TOC, and dissolved solutes. The experimental results showed that their significance in membrane fouling was strongly related to aeration intensity. In the absence of sparging aeration, both MLSS and colloids contributed to membrane fouling which was further enhanced by their interactions. For the tested membrane module operated at the vigorous aeration intensity typically employed in practice, however, the deposition of colloids was identified as the most important mechanism controlling membrane fouling rates. In contrast, much fewer effects were exerted by MLSS: the overall fouling rates were increased initially, and then reduced with increasing concentration of MLSS. Thus, the aeration-induced turbulence should be considered for properly assessing the mixed liquor fouling potential for wastewater MBR processes. Finally, little difference in fouling rates was observed with the use of cyclic aeration mode as compared to continuous aeration mode.     

Control of membrane biofouling in MBR for wastewater treatment by quorum quenching bacteria encapsulated in microporous membrane

Recently, enzymatic quorum quenching has proven its potential as an innovative approach for biofouling control in the membrane bioreactor (MBR) for advanced wastewater treatment. However, practical issues on the cost and stability of enzymes are yet to be solved, which requires more effective quorum quenching methods. In this study, a novel quorum quenching strategy, interspecies quorum quenching by bacterial cell, was elaborated and proved to be efficient and economically feasible biofouling control in MBR. A recombinant Escherichia coli which producing N-acyl homoserine lactonase or quorum quenching Rhodococcus sp. isolated from a real MBR plant was encapsulated inside the lumen of microporous hollow fiber membrane, respectively. The porous membrane containing these functional bacteria (i.e., "microbial-vessel") was put into the submerged MBR to alleviate biofouling on the surface of filtration membrane. The effect of biofouling inhibition by the microbial-vessel was evaluated over 80 days of MBR operation. Successful control of biofouling in a laboratory scale MBR suggests that the biofouling control through the interspecies quorum quenching could be expanded to the plant scale of MBR and various environmental engineering systems with economic feasibility.     

MBR工艺处理印染废水的研究进展

纺织是高能耗、高污染行业,印染废水对我国环境影响巨大.近几十年,众多学者对印染废水的处理技术进行了大量研究.其中,膜生物反应器(M B R)由于占地面积小、出水水质好、污泥浓度高、污泥产率低等被用作处理印染废水的首选工艺之一.梳理了MBR工艺处理印染废水的研究文献,总结亟需解决的难题.