基于车载信息的多普勒频偏校正

多普勒频偏是高速铁路环境下的宽带无线接入亟待解决的难点之一,以往的频偏校正方法将焦点集中于信号处理技术上,对于频偏校正性能的提升缓慢且有限。基于越来越准确的车载信息,提出了一种新的频偏校正方法。先利用高铁的车载信息,预先估算出频偏进行第一次补偿,再利用频偏估计相关算法估计和补偿残留频偏。仿真结果表明,方法复杂度低,补偿范围大,校正速度理想,能有效改善误码率。     

基于谱线平移的低信噪比高动态信号多普勒频偏捕获算法

针对低信噪比高动态信号的载波频偏捕获提出了一种新的算法即谱线平移算法.首先,介绍了现有的大载波频偏捕获技术,分析了其不能适应高动态信号捕获的原因;其次,分析了载波频偏及其变化率对载波频偏捕获的影响,主要考虑多普勒频移变化率对信号捕获的影响,它将严重限制低信噪比情况下对载波频偏估计时非相干累加的次数,在此基础上,提出并研究了适应低信噪比高动态信号大载波频偏捕获的谱线平移算法,并对算法进行了性能仿真,表明其具有2 ～3dB的改善增益,与最大似然算法相比具有绝对优势.     

卫星通信中多普勒频移的快速捕获

本文提出了一种适用于低轨卫星扩频通信系统的多普勒频移快捕方法.该方法基于数字匹配滤波器及自动频率控制环路,利用数字匹配滤波器的PN码快捕特性及其输出主相关峰值对频偏的敏感性,缩短多普勒频移的捕获时间.论文首先推导了多普勒频移的平均捕获时间表达式,然后根据数值分析结果得到了准最佳捕获判决策略,最后通过比较验证了该快捕方法相对于传统串行捕获方法在性能上的提高.     

低轨道卫星通信及综合利用

本文概述了卫星通信的发展趋势，特别是低轨道卫星通信的优点及世界各国的发展动向。按照低轨道卫星的运作规律，经过计算给出了ＬＥＯ卫星通信系统的一些重要参数，如轨道参数、卫星寿命、覆盖区域、传输时延、用户每次可通信时间和每天可通信次数等。简要地叙述了ＬＥＯ卫星通信业务的质量要求，并就ＬＥＯ卫星的综合利用提出了多种可能性。我国应当抓住机遇，有效地发展ＬＥＯ卫星通信及其综合利用。     

近地轨道飞行器载波多普勒频偏估计新方法

对于近地轨道飞行器与卫星之间的通信链路,信号收发两端之间的相对运动导致载波存在高动态的多普勒频偏。另外,信号的远距离传输使得信号很微弱,这就极大地降低了信噪比。为了解决低信噪比和高动态环境下的多普勒频偏估计问题,提出一种多累积周期估计方法,提高多普勒频偏检测概率。该方法利用多个信号累积周期来缩小下一个累积周期内谱峰检测的频率区间,进而提高多普勒估计性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明,与现有方法相比,提出的多累积周期估计方法不仅可以提高检测概率而且可以减小估计误差。     

中,低轨道卫星通信：第三讲 窄带中,低轨道卫星通信系统

本文介绍一些典型窄带中，低轨道卫星通信系统，诸如Ｉｒｉｄｉｕｍ、Ｇｌｏｂａｌｓｔａｒ、Ｏｄｙｓｓｅｙ、ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｐ、Ｅｌｌｉｐｓｏ等的基本结构与特征参数。     

低符号速率下的大多普勒频偏信号的频偏估计

为了解决信噪比极低条件下窄带通信系统极大收发频率偏差估计问题,给出了利用信号频谱滑动平均滤波和数据增强的频偏估计算法.该算法使用滑动平均滤波方法可增强极低信噪比下的加噪信号频谱特征,使用数据增强方法可使加噪信号频谱特征更加突出,继而便可通过加噪信号的增强频谱特征估计出通信系统的收发频率偏差.仿真结果表明,该算法在低信噪...     

大有作为的低轨道卫星通信

大有作为的低轨道卫星通信王令朝众所周知，７０年代初出现的卫星通信是从低轨道卫星开始的，但在过去２０多年中一直都没有受到很好的重视，它的发展远不及大功率高轨道卫星。然而，随着高集成化半导体技术、微处理机技术的迅速发展和移动通信需求的急剧增长，低轨道卫星...     

OFDM水声通信中最大多普勒频偏估计算法研究

在水声通信中,发射与接收端相对运动引起的多普勒频移会严重恶化OFDM系统传输效果.因此多普勒频移估计是水声通信的关键技术之一.本文采用的最大Doppler频移估计算法,是利用信道功率谱的分布对接收的导频信号进行频域差分检测来进行估计.这种方法复杂度低,精度较高,无需获得正确的信道时域冲击响应信息,也无需再对信号进行自相关运算,而且特别适用于低信噪比的水声通信系统.     

低信噪比条件下快变多普勒频偏捕获算法

针对卫星移动通信低信噪比条件下快变多普勒频偏捕获提出了一种新的算法即基于搜索空间压缩的谱线循环平移算法。首先,介绍了现有的载波频偏捕获技术,分析其不能适应快变多普勒频偏条件的原因;其次,分析了多普勒变化率对载波频偏捕获的影响,主要考虑一次变化率与二次变化率将严重限制低信噪比情况下对载波频偏估计时非相干累加的有效性;最后,在此基础上,提出了低信噪比条件下快变多普勒频偏捕获的基于搜索空间压缩的谱线循环平移算法。对算法进行的Matlab仿真结果表明,其具有2~3 dB的改善增益,与最大似然算法相比,在性能仅有0.2 dB损失的情况下运算量大大减少。     

多普勒频移对低轨卫星通信抗干扰的影响

低轨卫星具有多普勒频移大的特点.对存在同频段干扰情况下,卫星信号和干扰信号的多普勒频移的规律及其对抗干扰性能的影响进行了分析.结果表明,当卫星运行至地面终端和干扰源之间时,卫星有用信号和干扰信号的相对频移尤其大,这就对低轨卫星通信中干扰的跟踪和抑制提出了更高的要求.     

高动态卫星链路多普勒频移特性分析

为满足高动态卫星接收机设计仿真及测试需求,以高机动飞行器典型运动模型为参考,通过合理近似与简化,推导出高动态卫星信道多普勒频偏变化理论模型。仿真结果表明,理论模型的多普勒频偏计算误差小于6‰,适合工程设计应用。在此基础上,进一步分析了高动态卫星通信信号载波同步关键技术,并提出了解决方案建议。     

The simulation modelling and performance analysis of low earth orbit satellite communication networks for personal communications

This paper extends previous research efforts related to the simulation performance modelling and analysis of satellite communication networks. Specifically, the use of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks for personal communications is examined. Six different satellite constellation configurations are investigated in a packet‐switched operating environment. Performance metrics examined are the end‐to‐end packet delay and the utilization of satellite channels in the dynamic environment. Realistic and accurate models of the physical satellite network and its terrestrial transmitters require that numerous operating characteristics and assumptions be specified. These are based on proposed design requirements of commercial systems, such as Iridium. Via the use of simulation, we show the relative delay and utilization performance of differing satellite network architectures. From these simulation models, mathematical metamodels are derived for the system delays. These innovative models are used to predict the delay performance of different network architectures not previously simulated. Comparison of these metamodels with simulation results show that metamodels provide an accurate means for performance prediction. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis and correction techniques of doppler shift for non-geosynchronous communication satellites

A theoretical and experimental study of Doppler correction strategies for elliptical orbit satellite communications is presented. Exact analytical expressions for Doppler shift and elevation angle as a function of perigee time of the ground-station are also presented. It is shown that for a 63° inclined Molnya orbit and a U.K. observer, the Doppler shift remains below about ± 10 ppm and the Doppler rate below about 6 × 10^?4 ppm/s. Various strategies for continuous Doppler correction of the on-board oscillators are reviewed or proposed. These include a closed loop ground–satellite system and an on-board programmable correction approach. Two detailed theoretical and experimental studies of on-board encoded Doppler correction distribution systems are presented in the context of the UK CERS/TSAT mobile communications experiment. A frequency lock system which requires the distribution of only one signal and a phase-lock system requiring a master reference and the time-variant code word are described. Numerical values for a 1·5 GHz carrier are presented throughout but can be scaled to other frequencies.     

面向手机直连的低轨卫星通信：关键技术、发展现状与未来展望全文替换

为满足全时、全域通信需求,低轨卫星通信将成为6G的重要组成部分。通过对地面移动通信协议体制进行适应性改进,低轨卫星可为地面移动手机终端提供直连服务。介绍了面向手机直连的低轨卫星通信关键技术和商业项目发展现状,探讨了未来需解决的关键问题和潜在技术途径。     

Evaluation of handover mechanisms in shadowed low earth orbit land mobile satellite systems

This paper presents a quantitative analysis by computer simulation of the active set update (ASU) handover algorithm for a shadowed low earth orbit (LEO) land mobile satellite (LMS) environment. As a precursor to the handover analysis, the mutual visibility statistics for a 66 satellite polar and 48 satellite rosette-type constellation are presented. These results show the statistical nature of the levels of satellite diversity and mobile-to-satellite elevation angles (to the highest satellite) within each network and also indicate the influence of the channel characteristics on the handover strategy. A two-state Markov modulated channel model is assumed in the handover analysis, and this enables the assessment of increased levels of power and time hysteresis on the quality of service and network signalling load in a shadowed land mobile satellite environment. In particular, attention is given to the different modes of ASU operation for hard handover, switch diversity and soft handover.     

卫星相干光通信多普勒频移开环估计技术

卫星相干光通信在国外已经接近工程应用阶段,主流的传输接收方式为BPSK调制/零差探测,接收端用光锁相环（OPLL）进行载波恢复。但即使在今天,光锁相环的实现依然有难度,而且存在捕获时间过长等现象。文中借鉴了现在的研究热点技术光纤通信中的频偏估计、载波相位恢复技术,针对星间激光通信中存在GHz量级大多普勒频移的工程背景,提出了一种基于DSP的频偏开环补偿算法。从理论上分析了该算法的原理,重点研究了激光器噪声和接收机噪声对频偏估计精度带来的影响,并通过仿真进行了验证。本振光功率为10 dBm时,当接收功率高于-47 dBm,误码率优于10-4;将接收功率提高10 dB后,频偏估计标准差小于370 kHz。     

低轨卫星星座动态波束关闭算法

针对低轨多波束卫星星座网络中空间段卫星对地覆盖不均匀导致某些区域相对密集,造成严重的波束间干扰与不必要的波束资源开销等问题,提出了在满足覆盖等要求下的波束关闭算法。以多波束低轨星座网络为研究对象,分析并建立了低轨星座网络波束关闭的最优化问题,进而分析并论证了该问题的NP完全属性,给出了探索式求解方法。以共计3 168个波束的铱星星座网络为仿真场景,仿真分析了所提出的探索式波束关闭算法。仿真结果表明,所提算法仅需要1 913个波束即可实现对全球区域的连续覆盖,降低了39.61%的波束资源开销。     

2FSK扩频系统中多普勒频移容限扩展的一种方法

在高动态扩频通信系统中,多普勒频移会导致匹配滤波器输出相关峰值降低而影响伪码的捕获。在分析相关峰所受多普勒频移影响的基础上,提出了一种扩展2FSK扩频通信系统的多普勒频移容限的方法,即适当缩短相关累加时间,伪码捕获和数据解调时采用相关累加与非相关累加相结合的方法。该方法可有效降低FSK扩频系统中相关峰对多普勒频移的敏感性,使多普勒频移容限得到较好的扩展。     

Accurate estimation of Doppler shift in mobile communications with high vehicle speed

Representing the channel varying rate and the mobile speed of a mobile terminal directly, Doppler shift is an important parameter in vehicular mobile communications and therefore is widely used in mobile target detection and adaptive applications. Hence, this paper puts forward an accurate Doppler shift estimator in mobile communications with high vehicle speeds, which can also be treated as a vehicular speed estimator due to the well‐known relation between the Doppler shift and the mobile speed. Specifically, the proposed estimator is based on the channel level crossing rate, and an iterative process is presented to achieve signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) insensitive estimates in accordance with the level crossing rate estimation error analysis. Moreover, we prove the convergency of the iterative Doppler shift estimator in theory. Computer simulations conducted under a wide range of noise corruption clearly show that the proposed estimator substantially outperforms several existing estimators in terms of accuracy and achieves a good SNR‐insensitive performance in a wide range of velocities and SNRs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.