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串联密封结构的泄漏规律研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3
以串联双密封结构为研究对象,建立了串联密封结构系统的数学模型,通过理论分析和数值计算,揭示了串联密封结构系统正压泄漏的漏率、漏量与泄漏时间关系的规律及其影响因素.串联密封结构的泄漏规律可用于串联密封结构系统的设计、检漏和泄漏安全评估. 相似文献
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为进一步验证多级串联密封系统的泄漏理论和规律,分别进行了双道大型空心金属圈模拟试验和三道橡胶圈泄漏模拟实验,试验中综合采用了灵敏度很高的各种氦质谱检漏方法.试验结果表明,多级串联密封系统的泄漏理论与规律是正确的. 相似文献
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迷宫密封结构对泄漏量和轴系临界转速影响分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过数值方法对转子-轴承-密封系统动力学模型求解,对3种密封间隙、8种密封直径、8种压差、8种入口损失率和21种密封长度对泄漏量和临界转速的影响进行研究;通过密封结构对轴系临界转速影响规律进行研究,对比分析了有、无密封力作用下转子-轴承-密封系统对临界转速影响。研究结果表明:通过与DYNLAB程序、TASCFlow程序的结果对比分析,该数学模型能较好的模拟计算泄漏量和转子系统临界转速;通过泄漏量影响规律研究,得出泄漏量随着密封间隙、密封直径和密封长度得增大而增大,泄漏量随压差和入口损失率的增大而减小。通过对临界转速影响规律研究,得到考虑密封会提高临界转速,密封长度的变化对临界转速的影响最大、密封间隙的变化对临界转速影响最小。 相似文献
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本文对无油涡旋压缩机涡旋齿齿顶密封结构进行优化,提出一种新型径向组合密封结构,利用几何和工程流体力学的方法,推导出基圆渐开线无油涡旋压缩机齿顶光滑间隙密封、齿顶迷宫密封、齿顶组合密封泄漏量的算法,建立了无油涡旋压缩机相邻压缩腔实验台,分别测量了3种密封结构在相同压差条件下的气体泄漏量,并研究了无油涡旋压缩机动涡旋盘转速对泄漏量的影响。对比实验与理论计算结果可得:理论计算结果与实验结果基本相近,光滑密封与迷宫密封泄漏量随压差的增大而增大,而组合密封泄漏量与压差成反比,但密封条磨损量增加。迷宫密封泄漏量实测值约为光滑密封实测值的80%,组合密封泄漏量实测值约为光滑密封实测值的63%,且3种密封结构的径向泄漏量随动涡旋盘转速的提高而降低,当动涡旋盘转速超过4 000 m/s时趋于平稳。 相似文献
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反应堆冷却剂泵又称主泵,是核电厂的心脏。秦山第二核电厂的主泵1号机械密封曾经多次发生泄漏大的问题。本文讲述了主泵1号密封的结构和原理,结合实际例子分析了1号密封泄漏大无法建立压差,从而导致无法启泵的原因,并在机组不退防的状况下成功解决了该问题。并从密封泄漏理论公式人手,结合实际例子,阐述在运行时1号密封泄漏突变的情况下如何通过系统调整来恢复泄漏流量。 相似文献
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载人航天器对密封性能要求极为严苛,密封结构的泄漏特性与温度相关。本文研究了一种典型的硅橡胶密封结构的泄漏方式,通过对低温下橡胶材料的透气性能的测试,结果表明:从50℃下降到5℃时、气体通过材料的渗透量降低约一个数量级。本文还通过实测材料在低温下的应力-应变关系、低温下材料的收缩特性,借助ABAQUS分析软件建立了该结构的压缩状态的有限元模型,得到了低温下密封应力变化情况,并据此计算了界面泄漏结果:低温下,密封结构的界面泄漏量略有所增大。本文研究的某典型橡胶密封结构在低温下的气体渗透泄漏和界面泄漏的量化数据,为产品在低温下的使用可靠性评估打下基础,也为类似结构设计提供参考。 相似文献
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通过数值方法和商用CFD(计算流体动力学)软件对密封-转子系统进行建模和求解,研究了5种偏心率和5种转速下的计算机求解时间、流场压力分布、密封力的变化情况,并对泄漏量影响分析和迷宫密封动力学参数影响进行分析研究。研究结果表明:该方法能较好地模拟计算迷宫密封泄漏量和动力学参数,得到腔室压力随着偏心率增大而增大,密封切向力随着偏心率、转速的增大而增大,密封径向力随着偏心率、转速的增大而负向增大;通过密封长度、密封间隙、密封压差对泄漏量影响计算,三者变化率分别为6.62%,65.21%和69.97%,表明密封间隙和压差变化是影响泄漏量变化的重要影响因素;通过密封压差和密封长度对动力学参数影响分析,得出增大密封压差和密封长度不利于系统稳定、增大密封间隙会使得系统趋于稳定。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In pressure vessels and piping the leak‐before‐break (LBB) assessment method is employed to avoid any catastrophic failure prior to a detectable leakage. One of the most important parameter, the leak rate, is investigated in the present paper by means of the Monte Carlo method. A brief review is carried out with emphasis on aspects such as crack growth, crack size with detectable leakage, crack opening area and leak rate. Issues concerning the property and behaviour of multiple cracks are also covered along with a review of the characteristics of leak rate through distributed multiple cracks using a statistical simulation method. The simulation results show that the effect of multiple cracks is quite significant to the LBB concept. Both the relationship between leak rate and crack length (or time) and the statistical characteristics of the leak rate are considerably different for different initial crack conditions. 相似文献
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针对油气田勘探中,复杂的钻井工况导致动密封工作性能极不稳定的问题,结合单金属密封结构和井底高压环境,利用有限元方法对单金属密封受压情况下的接触压力进行分析。用雷诺方程计算单金属动密封的泄漏率,以减小最大接触压力和泄漏率为优化目标,利用正交试验和F评价方法对单金属密封结构参数进行优化,得到密封结构参数对密封面接触压力和泄漏率的影响情况,并将每个水平数对应的优化目标计算结果分别取平均值,得到不同水平影响下接触压力和泄露率平均值的变化趋势,从而确定密封结构的最优水平值,并借助有限元仿真对优化前后的密封性能进行对比。最后根据优化前后的密封结构参数加工2套密封试件,进行密封实验。仿真分析和实验结果表明:高压工况下优化前的密封面内侧磨损严重,钻井液颗粒容易侵入密封面;而优化后密封面的最大接触压力有所降低,动密封面的最高温度和泄漏率明显降低。研究结果对改进单金属密封的工作性能、提高井下动密封的可靠性有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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采用数值模拟的方法,基于压力波和活塞位移波的简谐变化规律,对自由活塞式斯特林制冷机压缩活塞与气缸的间隙密封内氦气建立数值模型,模拟了间隙内氦气在不同工况下的层流流动。结果显示在一个周期内,流过间隙密封的气体体积净流量为0,质量净流量不为0,净流量方向从压缩腔流向背压腔,会造成活塞在工作中向压缩腔偏移。分析结果显示压力波和间隙宽度对泄漏量的影响较大,随充气压力、压比以及间隙的增大,泄漏量增加;活塞运动对其影响较小,当活塞位移波与压力波的相位差小于90°时,相位差增大,泄漏量增加,活塞频率增大,泄漏量增加。 相似文献
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Helium test leaks Leak localization and tightness control with Helium provides a very sensitive testing method. Frequently, the sensitivity of a leak has to be testspecified quantitatively. In particular, quality control requires a reliable verification of the sensitivity. For this purpose, test leaks with well‐known leakage are used. In the article, various types of test leaks and their properties are described. Test leaks are commercially available over a wide range of leak rates. Their leakage flow can be calibrated with good accuracy. In the usage of the test leaks, the temperature‐dependency of the leak rate has to be taken into account, as well as the slow decrease of the leak rate due to the continuous loss of gas from the reservoir. 相似文献
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R. Brighenti F. Artoni 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2016,39(12):1445-1460
The fluid containment in vessels, pipes, containers, etc. often requires the use of seals in order to assure the absence of leak in the junction zones. Sealing mechanism is typically achieved through the use of elastomeric elements that form contact with the surrounding rigid materials the containers are made of. A proper design and safety evaluation of the containment capacity of seals requires the careful evaluation of the contact pressure distribution between the soft (seal) and hard (vessel) elements. In the present paper such a problem is considered and solved through contact stress and strain evaluation based on fracture mechanics; numerical and experimental analyses on elastomeric elements are considered in order to verify the proposed modeling procedure. It is shown that the desired safety level against leakage can be ensured on the basis of the classical fracture mechanics parameters when the seal crack tip exists, or through contact strain assessment when the stress singularity vanishes. Such results can be useful in the design of seal shapes and for estimating the pressure to be applied to the sealed bodies in order to guarantee no leaks. Finally, some final relevant conclusions on the present study on leak containment are drawn. 相似文献
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目的探究钢桶气体泄漏的射流流场对桶身激励产生声发射信号的基本原理和特性。方法利用计算流体力学Fluent软件分析钢桶气体泄漏流场状态,介绍钢桶气体泄漏的射流模型及产生机理,利用计算流体力学有限元方法建立数学模型,建立钢桶泄漏的几何模型和边界条件,设置仿真分析的相关参数,得到不同内压、不同漏孔直径和多漏孔情况下的钢桶泄漏仿真结果,并讨论钢桶泄漏气流速度场、压力场等参数的分布情况。结果钢桶发生泄漏时的气流速度对声发射信号起主导作用,内压对气流速度影响较大,孔径和漏孔数量带来的影响较小。结论该分析为探讨钢桶的泄漏机理与声发射激励信号的检测提供了参考。 相似文献
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W. Jitschin 《真空研究与实践》2003,15(4):188-193
In the testing of leak tightness and in the localisation of leaks by means of a test gas, proper operation and sensitivity of the employed instrument must be checked by a certified reference leak. In the so‐called sniffer mode of operation, the component under test is filled to overpressure with the test gas, so that in case of a leak there is a gas flow from the component to atmosphere. The atmospheric gas is sucked by the instrument and probed for its test gas content. For checking the instruments performance, commercial test leaks are available for various gas species, which deliver a well‐defined leakage. Construction and properties of such a test leak are described. The leak has an internal gas reservoir and a capillary as leak element. Because the inlet pressure at the capillary is kept constant by a pressure controller, the leakage remains constant over several years despite the gradual pressure decrease in the gas reservoir. The calibration of the leakage via the volume flow rate is described in detail. The volume flow rate can be measured by a liquid drop in a measuring capillary as well as a displacement piston in a dosing syringe. 相似文献