Automatic Filter System Prevents Cooling Water Contamination

An upgrade project at the Acordis cellulose fibre factory in Spondon, Derby, UK, involved the installation of two new compressors on the filter tow and solvent recovery processing plants. In order to protect the new compressors each plants at the factory was fitted with a Boll automatic self-cleaning filter on the water feed line, which cools the machinery. The new filtration system provides filtration down to 400 microns and handles flow rates up to 82 m³/h.     

Mullite corundum refractories for out-furnace working and continuous casting of steel

Conclusions The Zaporozhe refractories factory has set up the industrial manufacture of mullite-corundum tubes using a technology developed by the Ukrainian Institute of Refractories together with the factory. The tubes are designed for continuous casting of steel and blowing it in the ladle at the Azovstal' Factory.Following improvements in the production method and increases in the resistance of the goods, it was possible to reduce the specific consumptions, and this gave a saving annually of 88,600 rubles.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 11–15, January, 1981.     

乌洛托品生成过程中产生的含氨污水处理研究

针对某化工厂在生产乌洛托品过程中产生含氨废水,同时该厂还产生含甲醛废水的情况,利用工厂含氨废水与含甲醛废水反应生成乌洛托品的方法,降低污水含氨量。通过实验探讨了不同反应条件对氨反应转化率的影响,确定了最佳操作条件。实际生产中将甲缩醛生产车间的甲醛废水与含氨污水贮于凉水塔,投入过量甲醛反应完全后再连续转入锅炉中加热成蒸汽,作为锅炉循环用水使用。乌洛托品在锅炉中富集回收。结果表明,该方法能够有效处理含氨污水,使之达到排放标准。     

湍流式高效穿水冷却器在轧钢生产线上的应用

针对棒材厂产量大幅提高后,冷床能力严重不足和剪前温度过高,应用了湍流式高效穿水冷却器进行冷却,以降低终轧温度和上冷床的温度,解决钢材二次氧化问题,改善了钢材的机械性能和焊接性能,并为轧钢系统开发新的产品作好铺垫.     

异钢种连浇交接坯长度与位置预测模型

以重钢1#板坯连铸机为对象,通过水力学物理模拟研究了通钢量和中间包余钢量与铸坯长度方向无量纲浓度的关系. 结果表明,增大通钢量和降低余钢量都会减小交接坯长度,在重钢浇注条件允许的最大通钢量及余钢量变化范围内,通钢量对同一时刻无量纲浓度影响的最大差为21%,余钢量不同产生的最大差为73%,说明余钢量对交接坯长度影响更显著. 在水模实验基础上通过数学回归和插值法,建立了异钢种连浇过程铸坯交接坯位置和长度的预测模型,并通过实际交接坯取样分析对模型进行了修正. 修正模型预测结果与现场取样结果比较,预测精度达95%,高于相关文献水平.     

Water recycle method for washing alkali-refined soybean oil

Vegetable oil refineries are faced today with cutting down on pollution caused by their waste water. A method was developed for washing alkali-refined soybean oil with treated, recirculated wash water. In this method, wash water passes through a cation exchange resin that removes Na, and the slightly acid water goes back into the system for continuous reuse. The disposal problem arising from current industrial practice can be largely or entirely avoided by this reuse method. The new method might well be applicable to other oilseed processing. Batch tests were first made by mixing water, alkalirefined soybean oil and cation exchange resin. The amount of Na in the soybean oil was reduced from 34 to less than 0.5 ppm. In continuous washing tests conducted in a Podbielniak contactor with water treated by a cation exchange resin, the Na level of a commercially refined oil (not water-washed) was reduced from 34 ppm to less than 1.5 ppm. These results are comparable to or better than those obtained by the conventional method of employing fresh water for washing soybean oil. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, Minneapolis, October 1969. Res. Dev. Div., ARS, USDA.     

氯苯连续绝热硝化反应后物料的减压闪蒸过程能量衡算

对年产5万t硝基氯苯过程中氯苯绝热硝化反应后物料的减压闪蒸过程进行了能量衡算.结果表明:当氯苯绝热硝化反应后物料进人减压闪蒸设备的物料温度为140～1609℃、质量流量为4.80kg.s-1的经过减压闪蒸,可以在无需外加热的条件下蒸发出0.36kg.s-1水,同时使物料降温到80℃以下,完全可以依靠物料的潜热实现其能量...     

从废钢渣制备高效絮凝剂处理废水的研究

以废钢渣为原料制备复合型高效絮凝剂聚硫酸铁(PF-1),对其进行了处理废水试验,对各种影响絮凝作用的因素进行了系统研究,找出PF-1絮凝剂处理啤酒生产废水的最佳条件。通过对比试验结果表明,由废钢渣为原料制得的产品PF-1比聚合硫酸铁(PFS)处理废水效果更佳。     

Steelcasting and intermediate ladles for equipment for the continuous casting of steel

Conclusions The life of linings in large ladles depends on the grade of steel, the amount, chemical composition and consistency of the slag.The intermediate ladle made in the factory ensures reliable operation during the casting of metal by the continuous steel casting operation.Heating the intermediate ladle to 1100–1200°C by means of compact burners, working on coke gas, and new designs for cooled stoppers and stopper devices greatly reduces slab loss.In the process of evaluating the casting of transformer steel the loss due to nonmetallic inclusions was greatly reduced, but not completely eliminated.Further work must be done to explain the causes of the formation of slag inclusions and methods of handling the problem.     

反渗透技术在钢铁工业废水处理和回用中的应用

针对原水水质情况和环保要求,确定采用反渗透膜技术处理该废水,介绍了系统工艺流程及主要设备,详细说明了反渗透膜技术处理钢铁工业废水的应用经验及效果。通过观察电导、产水量、压差的变化,分析了膜污染的成因,提出了清洗方案,并对反渗透系统的运行管理问题进行了论述。结果表明,酸-碱-酸的清洗方案对反渗透膜污染具有很好的控制效果。     

立式氨冷凝器波纹换热管的失效分析

某公司的立式氨冷凝器波纹换热管采用316 L不锈钢制造,使用1年后陆续发生腐蚀穿孔现象。通过宏观观察、显微检测、水质分析以及工作环境的考察,判断这起失效起源于换热管内壁,冷却水中高含量的氯离子和水垢杂质使钝化膜破坏诱发孔腐蚀的发生。     

Non-destructive evaluations of water uptake in epoxy coating

A commercial epoxy coating was studied on steel panels and as free films to investigate water uptake using non-destructive techniques (gravimetric analysis, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy [EIS], Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy [ATR-FTIR], and Scanning Acoustic Microscopy [SAM]) after immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. In epoxy free films, water uptake showed rapid absorption initially, slowing down due to the counteracting process between water uptake and leachable content. Later, a mass decrease indicated leaching dominance. On coated steel, EIS revealed rapid water absorption within 72 h, followed by slower uptake up to 336 h. The continuous increase in water content resulted from observed coating layer swelling, confirmed by SAM. ATR-FTIR analysis indicated hydrogen bonding of most absorbed water molecules to the epoxy matrix. By combining non-destructive techniques, water uptake mechanisms into the epoxy coating film were proposed.     

User Experiences with Ozone,Electrolytic Water (Active Water) and UV-C Light (Ventafresh Technology) in Production Processes and for Hygiene Maintenance in a Swiss Sushi Factory

In a sushi production factory in Vuadens, Switzerland, ozone, ultrasound, electrolyzed water, and UV (185 and 254 nm) radiation are employed to sanitize all production equipment and factory space, including incoming and cooled air, as well as to sanitize the sushi products themselves. Fish, vegetables and rice all are washed with electrolyzed water as ultrasound is applied. Sushi itself is disinfected prior to packaging by fumigation with ozone and UV radiation in a special UV Disinfection Tunnel. Packaging materials (film and trays) are disinfected with gaseous ozone and UV radiation. After sealing of the sushi packages with Modified Atmosphere Packaging (including additional oxygen), UV radiation again is applied in another, longer UV Disinfection Tunnel. This transforms about 12–14% of the oxygen remaining inside the packed tray to ozone, creating an ozone-containing atmosphere. By this Ventafresh technology, the shelf-life of sushi products increases from three to seven days. Plant ambient temperature is maintained at 3°C at all times during processing to provide additional improvement in microorganism control. Cost savings at Sushi are significant, but secondary – only one failure and the plant is shut down. Ventafresh is, at the very least, a technological insurance policy that allows the plant manager to sleep at night.     

半钢轿车子午线轮胎工厂生产工艺

子午线轮胎胎体帘线排列方式与斜交轮胎不同,不是交叉排列,是与轮胎断面平行与胎冠中心呈90°角或接近90°角排列,由帘线周向排列或接近周向排列的带束层箍在胎体上形成一条几乎不能伸张的刚性环形带.半钢子午线轮胎胎体骨架采用人造丝或其他纤维,带束层的骨架材料采用钢丝帘线,一般而言,轿车胎都是半钢子午线轮胎,卡车胎都是全钢子午...     

大型20g+AISI405不锈钢复合钢板塔现场焊接

本文就洛阳石化总厂140万吨/年催化裂化装置中的20g+AISI405不锈钢复合钢板塔现场焊接,从焊接方法、焊接材料、焊接坡口、焊接规范、焊接变形控制等几个方面进行探讨;并把此现场焊接工艺成功用于青岛石化厂不锈钢复合钢板塔焊接中。     

炼油厂循环水塔的防腐与涂装

分析了炼油厂循环水塔的腐蚀原因,分别选择PF-01防腐涂料、聚酰胺环氧涂料和环氧玻璃钢,作为砼结构循环水塔长期受水喷淋的砼结构和钢结构以及长期浸水的砼结构的防腐涂层.讨论了循环水塔的防腐施工工艺和质量保证措施,按此方案施工的循环水塔,经过7年的使用后,防腐效果良好.     

IE理论在控制进厂精煤质量方面的应用

介绍安阳钢铁集团公司焦化厂应用 IE理论 ,对老的人工采样方法进行分析、找出问题 ,并提出了新的采样方法 ,大大提高了采样效率和采样的代表性 ,有效地控制了进厂精煤的质量 ,在焦炭质量攻关中起到了重要的作用 ,创造了可观的经济效益 ,在国内同行业中率先实现了用机械取样方法控制精煤的质量     

一种苦咸水的水质稳定处理

通过试验筛选出了一种适用于苦咸水水质稳定处理的配方。该配方在烟台煤气厂运行情况良好 ,具有一定的推广价值。     

工业污废水处理与循环再利用

介绍了我国水资源的现状及背景,以及浮法玻璃工程中实施污废水综合处理的措施,污废水的治理和再利用,可减少环境污染,节约水资源,同时给企业带来巨大的经济和社会效益。     

The tunnel impactor. A multiple inertial impactor for coarse aerosol

The Tunnel Impactor is a new sampling instrument which was developed to enable the determination of the mass concentration and mass size distribution of coarse aerosol from the ambient atmosphere. The instrument consists of a large wind-directed tube functioning as an aerosol inlet. Further down the tube four impactors are mounted, each with different dimensions (2, 5, 15 and 50 mm wide ribbons), thus offering different cut-off characteristics. A constant air flow through the tube is accomplished by four ventilators, mounted at the rear end, in order to keep impaction conditions constant and well defined. The calibration of the instrument was carried out under atmospheric conditions and involved liquid DEHS aerosol and solid copper sulphate aerosol. The data showed considerable scatter, inherent to atmospheric calibration. Nevertheless the S-shaped mass collection efficiency curves could be established. The results show that the cut-off diameters are in the range from 10 to 60 μm roughly. The instrument was found to perform properly at windspeeds above 1 m s⁻¹, and is expected to function satisfactorily up to wind speeds well above 7.5 m s⁻¹. Experiments during handling of coal in the yard of a steel factory showed good performance of the instrument in practice.