粉料粒度对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯材料性能的影响

研究了精密铸造叶片用氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯刚玉粉料粒度对型芯物相、形貌、气孔率、抗蠕变性能、脱芯性能的影响.研究结果表明:粉料粒度对Al2O3基复合陶瓷型芯材料的气孔率、线收缩率和高温蠕变性能均有影响.根据实验数据,分析了几种粉料粒度对陶瓷型芯综合性能影响的机理,同时讨论了不同粉料粒度型芯的烧结机理.     

石英含量对刚玉基陶瓷型芯材料性能的影响

研究了石英含量对刚玉墓陶瓷型芯强度、收缩率、气孔率和体积密度的影响.试验结果表明:在相同的烧结温度下,随着石英含量的增加,型芯的抗弯强度、收缩率不断增大;相同SiO2含量,型芯的抗弯强度、收缩率随烧结温度的升高而增大;在相同的烧结温度下,随着SiO2含量的增多,样品的显气孔率先增加后减小,存在极值;同一成分含量,当SiO2含量≦15%,随烧结温度的升高,样品的显性气孔率增加,而当SiO2为20%,1450℃烧结时型芯的显性气孔率最大.SEM、XRD、EDS分析结果表明,玻璃相的生成和消耗关系是影响型芯显气孔率的重要因素.     

精密铸造用氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯

利用原位合成方法制备了几种氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯,讨论了MgO含量对氧化铝基复合型芯几种性能的影响.研究结果表明:随着MgO含量增加,陶瓷型芯气孔率先增加后减小;线膨胀系数先减小后增大:碱浸出速率减少.当MgO含量为1%(质量分数),经过1500℃烧结5 h后型芯,蠕变量最小.通过实验分析,讨论了MgO含量对陶瓷型芯综合性能影响的机理.     

凝胶注模成形空心叶片用氧化铝陶瓷型芯性能研究

采用凝胶注模成形方法制备氧化铝陶瓷型芯材料,研究其气孔率、体积密度和室温抗弯强度随固相体积含量和烧结温度的变化规律。结果表明,在所研究的固相含量范围内,随着固相含量的不断增加,氧化铝陶瓷型芯的气孔率逐渐减小,体积密度和抗弯强度逐渐增大。在所研究的烧结温度范围内,随着烧结温度的不断升高,氧化铝陶瓷型芯的气孔率逐渐减小,体积密度和抗弯强度逐渐增大。当固相含量为50vol.%,在1 300℃烧结后,型芯样品的抗弯强度为13.3 MPa;在1 600℃烧结后,型芯样品的抗弯强度增加到57.6 MPa。     

硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

以氧化铝粉末为基体,添加具有粘结性和一定陶瓷产率的硅树脂粉末,通过干压成型和无压烧结制备出氧化铝基陶瓷型芯,重点研究了硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响。结果表明:硅树脂在裂解过程中会形成二氧化硅,二氧化硅与氧化铝基体发生反应形成新相莫来石。由于硅树脂在交联和裂解过程中会释放大量气体,导致烧结体失重,且气体的逸出会抑制由烧结引起的收缩,因此,随着硅树脂添加量增加,产生的气体量增加,烧结体的失重率增加,收缩率降低。硅树脂含量的增加使得烧结体的气孔率变大和体积密度减小,烧结体的室温抗弯强度逐渐减小。硅树脂的添加虽然降低了其室温强度,但是保证了陶瓷型芯的尺寸精度。     

硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

以氧化铝粉末为基体,添加具有粘结性和一定陶瓷产率的硅树脂粉末,通过干压成型和无压烧结制备出氧化铝基陶瓷型芯,重点研究了硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响。结果表明:硅树脂在裂解过程中会形成二氧化硅,二氧化硅与氧化铝基体发生反应形成新相莫来石。由于硅树脂在交联和裂解过程中会释放大量气体,导致烧结体失重,且气体的逸出会抑制由烧结引起的收缩,因此,随着硅树脂添加量增加,产生的气体量增加,烧结体的失重率增加,收缩率降低。硅树脂含量的增加使得烧结体的气孔率变大和体积密度减小,烧结体的室温抗弯强度逐渐减小。硅树脂的添加虽然降低了其室温强度,但是保证了陶瓷型芯的尺寸精度。     

精密铸造用氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯

利用原位合成方法制备了几种氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯，讨论了MgO含量对氧化铝基复合型芯几种性能的影响。研究结果表明：随着MgO含量增加，陶瓷型芯气孔率先增加后减小；线膨胀系数先减小后增大；碱浸出速率减少。当MgO含量为1％（质量分数），经过1500℃烧结5h后型芯，蠕变量最小。通过实验分析，讨论了MgO含量对陶瓷型芯综合性能影响的机理。     

粉料粒度对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯材料性能的影响

研究了精密铸造叶片用氧化铝基复合陶瓷型芯刚玉粉料粒度对型芯物相、形貌、气孔率、抗蠕变性能、脱芯性能的影响。研究结果表明：粉料粒度对Al2O3基复合陶瓷型芯材料的气孔率、线收缩率和高温蠕变性能均有影响。根据实验数据，分析了几种粉料粒度对陶瓷型芯综合性能影响的机理，同时讨论了不同粉料粒度型芯的烧结机理。     

硅树脂粘结球形SiO_2陶瓷型芯的制备及性能研究

以球形SiO_2颗粒为基体、硅树脂为粘结剂,通过干压法制备多孔SiO_2陶瓷型芯,研究了硅树脂添加量和烧结温度对陶瓷型芯性能的影响。研究结果表明:硅树脂作为粘结剂通过交联、裂解从而实现对球形SiO_2颗粒的包覆和粘结,明显改善了球形SiO_2颗粒的烧结性能。在1 350℃烧结温度下,随着硅树脂含量增大,型芯样品的失重率不断增大,收缩率反而不断减小;在硅树脂含量为20%时,收缩率仅为0.42%,能较好地保证型芯的尺寸精度;硅树脂含量为10%时,在1 300℃烧结2 h,陶瓷型芯室温抗弯强度为11.8 MPa、线性收缩率为0.49%、显气孔率为30.9%,综合性能最佳。     

方石英的含量对氧化硅陶瓷型芯性能的影响

以石英玻璃粉为基体,方石英为矿化剂,陶瓷铸造蜡为增塑剂,利用热压注法制备了氧化硅陶瓷型芯,研究了方石英添加量对氧化硅陶瓷型芯性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着方石英添加量的增加,陶瓷型芯样品中石英玻璃析晶含量先增大后减小,样品的收缩率及高温挠度逐渐减小,高温强度先增加后减小,显气孔率随方石英添加量的增加逐渐增大。经验证,在烧结温度为1 200℃下,方石英的最佳添加量为5%时,氧化硅陶瓷型芯的综合性能最好。     

Properties of alumina-based ceramic cores

Fused corundum is a rather promising raw material for preparing an alumina-based ceramic core due to its excellent high temperature resistance and chemical inertness.In this study,alumina-based ceramic cores were prepared using fused corundum as the matrix material,and the effect of varying silica powder contents on the properties of the alumina-based ceramic cores,including the sintering shrinkage,the flexural strength,and the high temperature deformation was investigated.The mineralization mechanisms of the silica on the alumina-based ceramic core were also analyzed.The optimum addition amount of silica in this experiment is 8% in weight.At that moment,the aluminum-based core has both a low sintering shrinkage coefficient of 0.66% and better properties:the room temperature flexural strength is 22.19 MPa,the high temperature flexural strength is 21.54 MPa,the high temperature deformation is 0.93 mm,and the residual flexural strength is 47.41 MPa.     

矿化剂加入量及硅溶胶浓度对陶瓷型壳性能的影响

采用不同比例矿化剂用量及不同浓度的硅溶胶配制涂料,按照一定工艺制得陶瓷型壳试样,研究了涂料的流变性能,型壳的力学性能及其高温抗蠕变性能.实验结果表明,随着矿化剂加入量增加,陶瓷型壳的力学性能及高温抗蠕变性能随之增加;随着硅溶胶浓度的增加,涂料的粘度及剪切应力逐渐增加,浓度为25% (体积分数,下同)的硅溶胶制得的陶瓷型壳高温强度及高温抗蠕变性能优越.     

Fabrication of silica-based ceramic cores with internal lattice structures by stereolithography

Ceramic cores are widely used in investment casting, and ideal properties of cores are essential for high-quality castings. Under the circumstances requiring thick cores, solid cores are likely to encounter deformation and cracking defects due to the accumulation of shrinkage. Therefore, with the superiority of ceramic stereolithography in producing complex ceramic parts, hollow cores with lattice structures were designed and fabricated. The dimensional accuracy and properties of the green and sintered bodies were evaluated. Results show the dimensional accuracy of sintered cores is controlled within ±0.25 mm benefited from the precise green bodies. The mechanical properties are not obviously deteriorated. The bending strength reaches 11.94 MPa at room temperature and 12.87 MPa at 1,500 °C with a creep deformation of 0.345 mm. Furthermore, casting verifications prove that the hollow cores meet the requirements of investment casting. Smooth casting surfaces are obtained, at the same time, the core-removal efficiency is improved by over 3 times.

     

Effect of the pore size on the creep deformation behavior of Ni-Fe-Cr-Al porous metal

The effect of the pore size on the creep deformation behavior of new Ni-Fe-Cr-Al powder porous metal was investigated. Two different powdered porous metals having different average pore sizes of 580 μm and 800 μm were used. Creep tests were conducted at 1073 K under three different compressive stresses between 0.5 and 1.5 MPa. The Ni-Fe-Cr-Al porous metals mainly consisted of the three phases of γ′-Ni, γ′ and Ni_1.1Al_0.9. The materials exhibit secondary creep behavior following a power law characterized by creep exponents of 3.7 for the 580 μm and 2.5 for the 800 μm porous metals. The stress exponent values that appeared as two creep exponent values could be made to converge to one value, 3.06, using the new concept of the estimated stress (as determined by the area fraction of the porous metal). This study also presents a creep deformation analysis method that can be applied regardless of the pore size or the presence of a porous structure.     

预加方石英粒度对SiO2基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

方石英作为高温增强相加入到SiO2基陶瓷型芯的基体材料中,以热压注法制备SiO2基陶瓷型芯,研究了预加方石英粒度对SiO2基陶瓷型芯性能的影响。分析了方石英粒度对SiO2基陶瓷型芯孔隙度和高温抗蠕变性能的增强机理。结果表明,随着方石英粒度减小,SiO2基陶瓷型芯的显气孔率逐渐增大,室温抗弯强度和高温挠度逐渐降低。当方石英粒度为13μm时,SiO2基陶芯的显气孔率达到最大值、高温挠度达到最小值,分别为42.30%和0.14mm。     

Effect of Ti content on creep properties of Ni-base single crystal superalloys

The effect of Ti content on the creep properties and microstructures of experimental Ni-base single crystal superalloys has been investigated. The experimental alloys were designed to provide better high temperature properties than the commercial single crystal alloy CMSX-4. The creep properties of the experimental alloys, Alloy 2 and Alloy 3, were superior to those of CMSX-4. Alloy 3 showed a longer creep life than Alloy 2 at 900 °C and 950 °C, while it has similar creep life with Alloy 2 at 982 °C. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs of the experimental alloys after the creep test showed distinct deformation features as a function of temperature and Ti content. The dissociation of dislocations into partial dislocations with stacking faults in Alloy 3 was found to improve resistance to creep deformation at 950 °C. The effect of Ti on the creep deformation mechanism was not evident at 982 °C, which resulted in similar creep properties in both experimental alloys. The transition of the γ′ cutting mechanism from dislocations coupled with stacking faults to anti-phase boundary coupled pairs occurred both in Alloy 2 and Alloy 3. However, the transition temperature was higher in Alloy 3 than in Alloy 2 because of the difference in Ti contents.     

选区激光熔化成形Inconel 625合金的激光焊接头组织及高温蠕变性能

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪等对选区激光熔化 (SLM) 成形Inconel 625合金的激光焊接头组织特征及高温蠕变性能进行研究分析. 结果表明,SLM成形Inconel 625合金的激光焊接头质量良好,无明显的制造缺陷存在. SLM成形Inconel 625合金激光焊焊接试样的组织主要由母材区的等轴奥氏体组织以及焊缝区的柱状枝晶组成. 高温蠕变试验结果显示,试样的蠕变时间随着应力的增大急剧下降. 较高的应力水平（200 MPa）对合金在同一温度下的蠕变性能影响很大,会导致蠕变变形直接进入蠕变第三阶段——加速阶段,引发试样较早发生断裂. 断口分析表明,所有试样断裂均发生在母材区或近热影响区,母材区观测有大量二次裂纹,熔覆区未观察到明显裂纹. 蠕变断口形貌呈冰糖块状特征,表明断裂模式主要为沿晶断裂. 高温下晶界滑移引发的形变位移是晶界空洞形核的主要机制.     

The effect of W and N addition on the mechanical properties of 10Cr steels

The effect of W and N on the creep properties and microstructural degradation in 10Cr steels was studied. Creep testing was performed to determine the creep rupture strength and minimum creep rate. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructural degradation during the creep deformation. W and N which were added to the 10Cr steel increased the creep rupture strength and decreased the minimum creep rate. As W and N were added, the thermal stability of the subgrain and carbide was improved, thus the growth of the subgrain and carbide during creep deformation was restricted. In W added steel, the Laves phase played an important role in increasing creep rupture strength. But the impact toughness was rapidly degraded by the addition of W after aging at 600°C for 5000 hours. So one must evaluate more accurately the effect of the Laves phase on long term creep and impact properties. In N added steel, V(C, N) was precipitated in the lath boundary and within the lath. The size of the precipitates was 20–50 nm. The increase of creep rupture strength in N added steel may be due to the precipitate of the V(C, N). Future tests are required to clarify the effect of N on creep and impact properties.     

TC4钛合金仿莲房特征芯体热蠕变成形工艺研究

本文提出了一种新的夹层芯体--仿莲房特征芯体结构。以TC4钛合金为对象,采用真空热蠕变成形方法探索了仿莲房特征芯体制备的可行性,并分析了主要工艺参数对仿莲房特征芯体成形高度、显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：采用真空热蠕变成形方法制备仿莲房特征芯体可行,真空热蠕变成形过程中TC4钛合金材料通过发生位错运动和晶界滑移实现芯体孔柱的热成形。真空热蠕变变形后,显微组织由原始细小等轴组织完全转变为再结晶等轴组织。随成形压力和保温时间的增加,芯体高度、平压强度和比平压强度逐渐增加。     

加载速率对Al膜纳米压入蠕变性能的影响

纳米压入仪对Si片上晶Al膜进行的压入蠕变实验表明,加载方式对Al膜的蠕变性能有明显影响.随加载速率和载荷的增大, Al膜的总蠕变量和应力指数均有较大升高 且蠕变初期可能存在异常高蠕变率.分析认为这与是加载过程中未及发生的塑性变形的持续释放有关.对于确定的薄膜材荆及组织结构,加载过程中积攒的塑性变形量及其释放速率将影响不同加载条件下的总蠕变量和应力指数.