湘钢80t转炉溅渣护炉计算机控制

详细叙述了湘钢80t转炉溅渣护炉的供气系统流程，自动控制流程以及氧枪的计算机控制系统。对转炉溅渣护炉的计算机控制程序问题进行了分析和探讨，并取得了初步的进展。同时，总结了采用溅渣护炉技术所取得的丰硕的经济效益和社会效益。     

转炉氧枪改造与应用

介绍了小型三孔拉瓦尔氧枪改造方法。分析了新氧枪的运行效果。证明改造后的氧枪能满足冶炼及溅渣护炉的工艺要求。     

宝钢300t转炉溅渣护炉工艺研究

介绍了宝钢３００ｔ转炉溅渣护炉工艺研究中所进行的水模试验、炉渣成分选择、溅渣用氧枪喷头设计、喷吹参数控制等方面的工作，以及所取得的成果。宝钢转炉炉龄已达到１４００１炉。     

宝钢300 t转炉溅渣护炉工艺研究

介绍了宝钢３００ｔ转炉溅渣护炉工艺研究中所进行的水模试验、炉渣成分选择、溅渣用氧枪喷头设计、喷吹参数控制等方面的工作，以及所取得的成果。宝钢转炉炉龄已达到１４００１炉。     

转炉氧枪刮渣装置

在钢铁冶炼中 ,转炉炼钢已基本取代了平炉炼钢 ,而氧枪则是转炉炼钢的主要设备之一 ,尤其随着近年来溅渣护炉新技术在国内外的广泛使用 ,虽然炉龄大幅度提高 ,但其存在的不足 :氧枪粘渣现象越来越严重 ,割枪频率比原来非但未减少 ,反而增加。在未采用溅渣护炉之前 ,据统计 ,每月平均用枪 7.2支 ,使得生产成本大大增加。本实用新型解决了上述生产中存在的问题 ,提供一种能刮除氧枪粘渣、氧枪使用寿命可长达 6 0 0次以上 ,刮渣效果理想 ,结构简单、操作方便 ,故障停机时间减少、生产成本降低的转炉氧枪刮渣装置。转炉氧枪刮渣装置…     

旋流氧枪头对转炉溅渣护炉效果的影响

采用冷态模拟实验，比较酒钢５０ｔ转炉使用普通氧枪喷头与旋流氧枪喷头的溅渣护炉效果，结果在气体流量为４７．６Ｎｍ＾３／ｈ（相当于现场流量１３００Ｎｍ＾３／ｈ），渣量为１２％，枪位为２４７ｍｍ（相当于现场枪位１９００ｍｍ），使用旋流喷头溅到炉衬表面的溅渣密度约是普通喷头的２倍；考察到在实际的溅渣过程是非等温过程，对冷态实施得出的最佳溅枪位应该予以修正，修正系数为０．８５－０．９５，本实验取０．９。     

转炉氧枪刮渣装置

在钢铁冶炼中 ,转炉炼钢已基本取代了平炉炼钢 ,而氧枪则是转炉炼钢的主要设备之一 ,尤其随着近年来溅渣护炉新技术在国内外的广泛使用 ,虽然炉龄大幅度提高 ,但其存在着不足 :氧枪粘渣现象越来越严重 ,割枪频率比原来非但未减少 ,反而增加。在未采用溅渣护炉之前 ,据统计 ,每月平均用枪 7.2支 ,使得生产成本大大增加。本实用新型解决了上述生产中存在的问题 ,提供一种能刮除氧枪粘渣、氧枪使用寿命可长达 6 0 0次以上 ,刮渣效果理想 ,结构简单、操作方便 ,故障停机时间减少、生产成本降低的转炉氧枪刮渣装置。邮编 :4 30 0 83　武钢技术部…     

溅渣护炉技术在昆钢50tLD转炉上的应用

介绍了我司三钢溅渣护炉的实践与转炉溅渣护炉的基本工艺理论;分析了影响转炉溅渣炉效果的炉渣成分、留渣量、冶炼温度、氮气流量、压力及枪位等因素;对溅渣护炉技术的应用提出了看法。     

溅渣护炉技术在首钢转炉上的应用

本文通过首钢转炉溅渣护炉的实践,详述了溅渣护炉的基本工艺;分析了炉渣成分的粘度,炉内留渣量,氮气流量、压力及枪位,冶炼温度等影响溅渣护炉效果的基本工艺参数;列举了溅渣护炉的效果;提出了存在问题和解决办法。     

转炉溅渣护炉工艺改进的主要方向

目前，几乎国内外所有转炉车间都推广采用转炉溅渣护炉工艺，用顶吹多喷孔氧枪吹氮形成的气流，把专门调制的高氧化镁含量终渣喷溅起来的方法。     

转炉溅渣动力学水模型研究

通过对转炉溅渣的水模型研究，提出炉内溅渣的两种动力学机制：发生在转炉上部的气流喷射溅渣和出现在转炉下部的熔池浪涌溅渣。合理平衡两种溅渣机制的综合作用，得到最佳喷吹压力和溅渣枪位，以获得最大的溅渣量。根据上述两种动力学机制，分析炉内氮气射流与液态渣池的作用规律，提出了溅渣高度的理论计算公式。     

Numerical Simulation of CO2 Used for Slag Splashing Process in Converter

Utilizing CO₂ for the slag splashing process presents a novel approach that enhances CO₂ utilization in the steel industry and promotes efficient slag splashing. Herein, numerical simulation is employed to investigate the kinetic feasibility of this technique on a 100 t converter. The volume of fluid (VOF) model is utilized to trace the gas–slag interface, while the standard k–ε model is selected to describe the turbulent flow of each phase. Initially, the model is validated via isentropic theory and experimental data. Subsequently, the effects of gas and oxygen lance replacement are evaluated. The results indicate that employing CO₂ solely instead of N₂ leads to a reduction in jet velocity and slag mass flow rates at different positions. However, the utilization of the innovative oxygen lance slows down the jet decay and increases the slag mass flow rate at various heights and sidewalls, except for the lower cone, resulting in a satisfactory slag splashing performance. The present study verifies the feasibility of this new technology and its potential to contribute to CO₂ reduction in the industry positively.     

旋流喷头的参数确定及其应用研究

通过流体力学测试和冷态模拟实验，证明旋流喷头具有良好的特性。安钢和酒钢使用旋流喷头后，化渣效果好，起渣时间提前，冶炼过程平稳易控制，供氧时间缩短，耗氧量降低。从冲击动力、喷溅量和流股特性等方面分析了旋流喷头的优点，认为可达到溅渣护炉的要求，并能提高溅渣的均匀性和效果     

溅渣护炉工艺探讨

从炉渣对炉衬和溅渣层的侵蚀机理入手,提出了兼顾冶金和溅渣双重效果的直接造渣工艺,探讨了终渣碱度、MgO、FeO含量等的调整范围,分析了溅渣操作中枪位、时间等的控制和炉底上涨的原因,以期更好地运用溅渣护炉技术。     

Cold Modelling of Slag Splashing in LD Furnace by Oxygen Lance with Twisted Nozzle Tip

The effects of a conventional lance tip with 4 normal nozzles and a lance tip with 4 twisted nozzles on slag splashing were investigated. A cold model for LD converters, Jiuquan Iron & Steel Co., was established and the amount of slag splashed onto the model walls was measured in the cold modelling experiments. The results from the experiments show that at low top gas flow rate the amount of slag splashing for the tip with twisted nozzles is less than that for the conventional tip, whereas at high top gas flow rate the amount of slag splashing for the nozzle twisted lance is greater than that for the conventional lance. For the nozzle twisted lance tip, slag splashing rates increase with increase in slag amount, lance height and top gas flow rate and the maximum amount of slag splashing for the tip with twisted nozzles can be obtained under the process parameters of 47.6 Nm³/h gas flow rate, 12% slag amount and 247 mm lance height. More slag droplets can be directed onto the cone with a nozzle twisted lance tip than with a normal lance tip at high top gas flow rate.     

顶吹转炉溅渣护炉工艺冷态模型实验研究

采用水力模型的研究方法,对顶吹转炉溅渣护炉工艺进行冷态模型试验。通过测定溅到转炉炉衬上的渣量,分别对顶枪枪位、气体流量、渣量等工艺参数的影响进行比较,从而确定最佳操作工艺参数。     

转炉溅渣护炉技术的工艺参数优化

着重对溅渣护炉技术的工艺参数优化过程进行了探讨，确立了溅渣调渣原则，对转炉留渣量、出钢温度、氮气压力和流量，溅渣枪位与时间、溅渣率等工艺参数的控制进行了分析，指出了湘钢条件下的溅渣工艺参数的适宜范围。     

转炉喷溅渣循环利用技术的开发与应用

通过枪位、渣料、氧压控制有效解决了转炉冶炼前期喷溅渣循环利用造成的喷溅,为转炉清洁生产探索出新途径.     

Splashing mechanism in combined blowing

Abstract

In combined BOF blowing, lance parameters and the combination of bottom or side wall tuyeres have an influence on splashing behaviour. The aim of this study was to clarify the interaction of the lance jet cavity with the bottom blowing plume and the side wall blowing jet and to determine its effects on splashing. According to the water model tests, three basic axioms existed in the combined blowing. First, when the bottom tuyere (or side wall tuyere) was located exactly beneath the lance jet, the lowered cavity turned the direction of splashes to lower trajectories. Second, the total amount of splashing was constant and the splashing peak was generated on the wall above the bottom plume. Third, both the plume and the side wall jet formed a so called protected zone beyond it. The model experiments showed clearly that the combination of bottom tuyeres and interaction of cavities and plumes play a very important role in splash generation in real converters.     

Experimental study on slag splashing of an 80 t combined blown converter

Physical modelling of slag splashing practice of an 80 t combined blown converter was conducted in this paper. Through measuring the mass flux of splashed slag, the effect of different operating parameters on slag splashing was investigated. By means of variance analysis, the influence significance of different operating parameters on slag splashing was obtained, and the optimal combination of operating parameters were acquired as follows: lance height 600?mm, top gas flowrate 18000?Nm³?h^?1, four nozzles lance, bottom nozzle configuration D4, bottom gas flowrate 100?Nm³?h^?1, and amount of remained slag 10%. In addition, the relation between the agitation energy of top blow and mass flux of splashed slag was discussed, and the estimation model for mass flux of splashed slag during BOF slag splashing practice was proposed through data analysis.