多孔模板法制备PEDOT气体敏感性的研究

采用单体聚合－溶液浸润－聚合物成管同时进行的方法在氧化铝多孔模板(AAO)中制备了PEDOT纳米管。气体敏感性测试发现纳米管对多种挥发性有机气体有不同的敏感性能,尤其对挥发性醇类,如甲醇、乙醇表现出比普通块材好得多的敏感性。测试结果表明PEDOT纳米管对1 000 ppm甲醇气体的响应时间约为10～20 s,测试可重复性超过15次,说明PEDOT纳米管不仅提供了较大表面积供气体分子吸附,而且管中分子链取向一致,从而体现出较好的敏感性能。     

聚乙撑二氧噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备与电化学性能研究

以三氯化铁为氧化剂,通过原位聚合法制备聚乙撑二氧噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料.热重分析结果表明：聚乙撑二氧噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料相对于聚乙撑二氧噻吩具有更好的热稳定性;采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）对产物的结构与形貌进行表征,聚乙撑二氧噻吩在多壁碳纳米管表面形成了均匀的包覆层,两者之间存在一定的界面作用.在1 mol/L氯化钾（KCl）溶液中,采用循环伏安测试法（CV）研究样品的电化学性能,聚乙撑二氧噻吩/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的比电容可达139.8 F/g.     

碳纳米管导电增强聚乙撑二氧噻吩复合材料的研究

采用原位聚合法以三氯化铁作为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂和引发剂制备碳纳米管/聚乙撑二氧噻吩复合材料.通过扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、红外光谱（IR）对样品形貌及结构进行表征,采用循环伏安测试法（CV）研究碳纳米管/聚乙撑二氧噻吩纳米复合材料的电化学行为.结果表明：聚乙撑二氧噻吩纳米颗粒均匀包覆于多壁碳纳米管的表面,形成核壳结构;随碳纳米管含量的增加,复合材料的电化学性能随之改善,当碳纳米管质量分数为28.6％时,碳纳米管/聚乙撑二氧噻吩纳米复合材料的比电容达到179.8 F/g,且电化学活性最好.     

基于细菌纤维素模板制备二氧化硅纳米管

以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为原料、细菌纤维素为模板制备了高产率、尺寸均匀、超大长径比、具有较稳定宏观形貌的二氧化硅纳米管.借助透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热失重（TGA）等分析方法对样品进行表征,探讨二氧化硅纳米管的形成机理,并考察实验条件对二氧化硅纳米管的产率和形貌等的影响.结果表明：低浓度的硅源、催化剂与较低的焙烧温度,有利于得到分散性良好的SiO2纳米管网络结构.     

一种简单的模板法制备聚苯乙烯纳米管

为了制备具有高强度聚苯乙烯纳米管及其阵列结构，以孔径仅有200nm的阳极氧化铝为模板，采用聚合物溶液浸润模板这一简单的物理技术，成功制备了具有常规相对分子质量的聚苯乙烯纳米管及其阵列。SEM和TEM测试结果表明：聚苯乙烯质量分数分别为2．5％，5．0％和10．0％的聚合物溶液可以制得管壁厚度分别为50nm，70nm和80nm的纳米管。可知聚合物溶液浓度是影响纳米管结构的主要因素之一。计算可知：聚苯乙烯质量分数为10．0％的聚合物溶液完全充满纳米孔时，溶剂挥发后高分子链沉积在孔内壁上形成纳米管的管壁厚度约为5nm。由此推断出聚合物溶液浸润阳极氧化铝模板的过程反复多次进行，并归纳出溶液浸润模板制备聚合物纳米管的多次浸润机理。     

Preparation and Optical Properties of V2O5 Nanotube Arrays

V2 O5 nanotube arrays in porous atomic alumina （ PAA ） template were obtained from V2O5 sols prepared by melt quenching method. X-ray powder diffraction and selected area electron diffraction investigations demonstrate that V2O5 nanotubes are orthorhombic. Results by scanning electron mieroscopy and transmission electron microscopy results shove that V2O5 nanotubes with a uniform diameter form highly ordered arrays. The diameter and length of the nanotubes depend on the pore diameter and the thickness of the PAA template used. It is proved that the sol-gel template process is a cost-saving , simple and readily-controlled method to prepare metal oxides nanomaterials .Owing to the quantum size effect. the optical absorption edge of V2O5 nanotubes in PAA ehibits a significant blue shift with respect to that of bulk V2O5.     

UV irradiation induced conductivity improvement in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) film

We describe a simple method to increase the conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)film by exposure to ultraviolet(UV)light in vacuum.Up to four order of conductivity improvement(from 10 3to 50 S/cm)is achieved by irradiating PEDOT:PSS film with 254 nm ultraviolet(UV)light.Increased conductivity in UV treated PEDOT:PSS film is stable under ambient exposure.The mechanism for conductivity improvement is investigated by current-voltage measurement,atomic force microscopy,and absorption spectrum.Photo-cross-linking of PSS chains is determined as the reason for conductivity improvement.Our result demonstrates that UV treatment is capable of modifying the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS film independent of the process of film formation.     

氢敏感材料:钯镍合金纳米线条阵列的制备与性能

为了获得钯镍合金纳米线条优秀的氢敏感性能,采用不同方法获得不同形貌的钯镍合金纳米线条阵列.用AAO模板可以制得连续光滑的纳米线条,在石墨阶梯边上沉积可以得到纳米粒子链,在铂微电极上交流电沉积能够得到多孔纳米线条和枝晶状纳米线条.氢传感实验表明,钯镍合金纳米粒子链和多孔纳米线条结构具有高的氢敏感性和快速响应能力,因此应使用这2种钯镍合金纳米结构材料制备氢传感器才能获得更好的性能.     

Functionalization of semi-terminated silica nanotubes

The semi-terminated silica nanotubes with 80–100 nm porous diameter were prepared with Al/Al₂O₃ (AAO) template by the sol-gel method, and then were functionalized by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The functionalized silica nanotubes were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR and ²⁹Si-NMR). The results indicated that APTES was successfully functionalized onto the internal surface and the mouth of the silica nanotubes. It would provide the material base for silica nanotubes corking and delivery drug.     

熔盐法制备碳化矾涂层纳米纤维

以纳米碳管为碳源、模板和金属钒粉末为原料,在KCl-LiCl熔盐体系中于650~850℃条件下成功地合成碳化钒涂层纳米纤维,并通过XRD和SEM对反应得到的碳化钒涂层纳米纤维的结构与形貌进行了表征。结果表明,反应温度、反应时间和碳钒摩尔比对碳化钒晶体的生长和产物的物相组成有着重要影响。     

聚吡咯纳米管对抗坏血酸的电化学检测

为了改善导电聚吡咯对于抗坏血酸的电化学检测性能,采用以甲基橙为软模板,制备了聚吡咯纳米管。利用扫描电子显微、红外光谱、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱对产物的结构与微观形貌进行了表征。分别将聚吡咯纳米管与聚吡咯纳米颗粒对抗坏血酸进行电化学检测。循环伏安测试结果表明,聚吡咯纳米管和聚吡咯纳米颗粒对于抗坏血酸都有明显的电化学响应,同时聚吡咯纳米管的比聚吡咯纳米颗粒的响应电流更大,表明聚吡咯纳米管具有更好的电化学检测能力。差分脉冲伏安法研究发现抗坏血酸浓度在0.5 mmol/L~20 mmol/L和20 mmol/L~45 mmol/L范围内,与峰值电流呈良好的线性关系。这表明聚吡咯纳米管作为电化学传感器材料有很好的应用前景。     

碳纳米管负载纳米硫化锌的制备与表征

利用微波辅助加热法,将表面功能化的多壁碳纳米管分散在乙二醇溶液中,并使醋酸锌与硫化钠在此溶液中反应,生成的纳米硫化锌粒子原位生长在碳纳米管的表面。生成的纳米硫化锌粒子密集分散在碳纳米管表面,粒子平均直径大约为1 nm。所生成的碳纳米管负载纳米硫化锌通过电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析,发现溶液中的碳纳米管不仅起到了负载基体的作用,而且在反应中改变了硫化锌的晶体结构。     

Natural Mineral-marine Manganese Nodule as a Novel Catalyst for the Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

1 IntroductionCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are globally in the lime-light as a newfancy material of the 21st century andtheyare broadening their applications to almost all scientificareas . Several methods , such as arc-discharge va-porization[1],laser vaporization[2],chemical vapor depo-sition (CVD)[3-4]and others[5], have been developed tofabricate CNTs (including single and multi wall) up tonow.It is very well possible that the CVD method,be-cause of its simplicity andlowcost ,will provide …     

Photocatalytic degradating methyl orange in water phase by UV-irradiated CdS carried by carbon nanotubes

A new candidate for photocatalytic degradating organic dyes,CdS carried by car-bon nanotubes(CdS/CNTs) ,is reported. The degradation ratio curves of methyl orange in water phase show that the capability for degradating organic molecules of CdS/CNTs is obviously higher than that of separated CdS. The degradation ca-pability enhances as the increase of the amount of net CdS catalyst,the ratio of carbon nanotubes to CdS,and the area of the template,and is influenced by the pH value and the temperature of aqueous solution. These results suggest that the photocatalyst of CdS/CNTs is very suitable for potential applications in organic waste removal from water.     

糊精及聚乙二醇水溶液放电制备洋葱状富勒烯

考察了不同有机介质对制备碳纳米材料的影响,以糊精（C6H10O5）n．xH2O）水溶液为放电介质,石墨做电极,成功制备了纳米洋葱状富勒烯（Onion—like Fullerenes：OLFs）和多壁碳纳米管。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜,高分辨透射电镜和X-射线衍射对所得产物进行了表征。结果表明：OLFs和多壁碳纳米管富含在阴极沉积物中且形貌规则,石墨化程度高;漂浮在糊精溶液表面的产物中没有OLFs和碳管的生成。以聚乙二醇水溶液为放电介质,未发现洋葱状富勒烯,但有大量的碳管和碳球存在,研究表明利用无毒有机介质水溶液制备碳纳米材料是可行的。     

Gas sensitivity of poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene) prepared by a modified LB film method

An arachidic acid/poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (AA/PEDOT) multilayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film was prepared by a modified LB film method. The theories were utilized to explain the effects between HCl molecule and LB film. The gas sensitivity mechanism of poly (3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) multilayer film can be explained by the charge transfer between p system of PEDOT and oxidization HCl system. The gas sensitivity of PEDOT LB film deposited interdigital electrode to HCl was tested. The results showed that film thickness, treating temperature, deposition speed had different influence on film gas sensitivity. The AA/PEDOT film deposited device exhibited nonlinear behavior to HCl gas at lower concentration (20-60 ppm) and linear response behavior at higher gas concentration was observed. The time of the compound LB film of the AA/PEDOT responding to the 30 ppm HCl gas is about 20 seconds, which is far quicker than the time of the film to the PEDOTPRESS film(about 80 seconds). It is not higher film press to better film. When the film press attains 45 mNs/m, the sensitivity of the AA/PEDOT film on the contrary descends.     

胱氨酸基质下二氧化硅微球的仿生合成及其表征

以胱氨酸为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）为硅源,仿生合成表面具有疏松多孔结构的二氧化硅微球.利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、热重分析仪（TGA）、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）以及X-射线衍射仪（XRD）、对产物进行表征.FE-SEM、FT-IR表征结果显示SiO_2微球的形成过程为：在胱氨酸的模板分子作用下TEOS水解生成具有微球形貌的键合型有机-无机杂化微粒,该微粒经600℃煅烧得到SiO_2微球;XRD表征结果表明SiO_2微球为无定型结构.依据表征结果,进一步对二氧化硅微球的形成机理进行了探讨.     

大面积电致变色器件的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了TiO2-CeO2薄膜,XRD、SEM、紫外可见透射光谱、循环伏安法等测试结果表明：经500℃热处理1h后的TiO2-CeO2薄膜呈面心立方方铈矿结构,其薄膜表面光滑,光学透过率高于80％,电荷存储量可达9．46mC·cm^-2,循环可逆性K为95％,是一种性能优良的电荷储存材料．同时采用聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）PEDOT／PSS为电致变色活性材料,制备了对称结构（ITO｜｜PEDOT／PSS｜｜PMMA／PC—LiClO4｜｜PEDOT／PSS｜｜ITO）和非对称结构（ITO｜｜PEDOT／PSS｜｜PMMA／PC—LiClO4｜｜TiO2-CeO2｜｜ITO）的大面积（10cm×10cm）电致变色器件,发现二者的对比度分别为17％、23．4％,褪色响应时间则分别为0．9s和2．8s,具有良好的应用性能．     

Analysis on the characteristic properties of PEDOT nano-particle based on reversed micelle method

Based on the study of a new type of conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT),we focussed on the preparation and characteristics of PEDOT nanoparticles made by reversed micelle method.Moreover,we deeply investigated the optical,electrical and the thermal stability of PEDOT nanoparticles.The main results are as follows: the small-sized PEDOT nanoparticles were prepared and utilized by different methods,such as ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy,Fourier-transform infrared (FT- IR) spectrum,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and so on.The results show that the amount of oxidizer,ultrasonic treatment,polymerizing temperature and doping degree can influent morphology,electrical ability and gas sensitivity of PEDOT nanoparticles.The Bragg peaks of nanoparticles at 6.7°,12.7°,25° were observed by XRD and the better orientation of molecular chain was attributed to the effective doping of toluene-p-sulfonic acid,which also resulted in an enhancement of thermal stability of nanoparticles than conventional PEDOT.     

基于PVP模板剂水热法制备TiO_2纳米管

以聚乙稀吡咯烷酮(PVP)为模板剂,钛酸四正丁酯为钛源,水热法制备TiO2纳米管.分别采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和比表面积孔径分析仪对产物的晶相、结构、形貌、比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征.考察了所制备TiO2纳米管的水热稳定性和热稳定性.结果表明:用PVP为模板剂能制得高比表面积的TiO2纳米管,其管径约在6～8 nm之间.所制备的TiO2纳米管,100℃水热处理7 d,500℃焙烧3 h后,TiO2纳米管的结构没有被破坏,说明制备出了具有较高的热稳定性和水热稳定性的TiO2纳米管.