生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能与综合评价

以生物能纤维为原料,开发出6种基本组织的针织面料,并选取面料坚牢度、热湿舒适性(透气性、透湿性、吸水性和保温性)、外观保形性(悬垂性、折皱弹性和刚柔性)和远红外功能性作为其服用性能的测试指标,最后运用模糊综合评价法对生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能进行了综合评价,得出适合秋冬季的6种组织的生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能由好到差依次为:半畦编组织>畦编组织>罗纹半空气层组织>罗纹空气层组织>1+1罗纹组织>纬平针组织。     

Outlast空调纤维机织面料的开发与性能研究

以Outlast空调纤维混纺纱为原料,开发了2/2↗加强斜纹机织面料。对Outlast空调纤维纱的力学性能和耐热性进行了测试与表征,对织物的基本结构以及热湿舒适性、外观保持性和调温性能进行了测试,结果表明:该Outlast空调纤维机织面料调温效果明显,具有广阔的市场前景。     

三种面料服用性能测试

通过对纯棉、纯涤纶、Coolplus/棉交织面料的服用性能进行了测试和对比,并对这三种面料的透气性、透湿性、毛细效应、织物保暖性等性能进行分析。经最终分析后认为纯涤纶面料综合性能较差,纯棉面料综合性能居中,从综合性能好的程度来看,Coolplus/棉交织面料要优于纯棉和纯涤。     

改性芳纶纬编增强体复合材料力学性能的研究

为探讨芳纶纬编增强体复合材料的力学性能,以对位芳纶为原料,采用LiCl/无水乙醇溶液对芳纶表面进行改性处理,设计并编织1+1满针罗纹和罗纹空气层2种组织织物增强体,以E-51环氧树脂为基体,应用手糊成型技术制备芳纶纬编增强体平板复合材料。采用YG026D型电子织物强力机对制备的芳纶纬编增强体复合平板材料的经纬向拉伸、弯曲、压缩以及层间剪切性能进行测定。结果显示:经LiCl/无水乙醇络合溶液处理的芳纶纬编增强体复合材料的各项力学性能均有所提高,且经向的各项力学性能优于纬向。在拉伸、弯曲性能方面,罗纹空气层芳纶纬编增强体平板复合材料优于1+1满针罗纹芳纶纬编增强体复合材料。     

芳纶针织物复合材料力学性能研究

为探究芳纶针织物复合材料的力学性能,用电子织物强力机对平板硫化机制得的芳纶针织物复合材料进行拉伸、弯曲、压缩性能测试,结果表明:芳纶针织物增强复合材料为非脆性破坏;经硅烷偶联剂处理有效地提高了芳纶针织物增强复合材料的抗拉、抗弯、抗压强度;罗纹空气层组织的抗拉、抗弯及抗压性能优于满针罗纹组织。     

汽车阻燃座套面料的设计与研究

使用阻燃涤纶和普通涤纶纱混织,设计出3种双面组织结构和5种混用比例的针织阻燃面料。采用单因素分析法分析了织物组织结构和混用比例对阻燃性能的影响,并采用Borda法评判了面料的阻燃性、耐磨性、舒适性等指标,最终分析得出满足汽车内饰要求的是组织结构为罗纹空气层,阻燃涤纶与普通涤纶比例为2∶1的针织阻燃面料。     

干爽型调温织物的开发

以热舒适理论、织物中水传导机制、相变蓄热调温机制为基础,构建了干爽型调温织物的结构模型。采用Coolmax混纺纱、黏胶纱、Outlast空调纤维混纺纱为原料,设计织造了5种纱线原料含量比不同的机织物小样,并对试样的吸湿速干性能以及调温性能进行测试分析。结果表明:开发的干爽型调温织物可同时达到吸湿速干与调温的效果。     

用于开发智能调温面料的复合相变材料

为了解决单一相变材料相变温度过高,不适宜开发智能调温面料的问题,将两种不同规格的聚乙二醇(PEG)进行复合,采用差示扫描量热仪测试其相变温度和相变焓,并使用OriginPro 9.0软件拟合出复合相变材料的不同比例与相变温度和相变焓的模拟曲线和函数关系,采用多目标优化方法建立统一的目标函数,利用lingo11软件确定出适宜开发智能调温面料的复合相变材料。结果表明:摩尔分数比为1∶9的试剂PEG-800与药用PEG-1000的复合相变材料,是最适宜开发智能调温面料的复合相变材料。     

组织结构对调温织物的性能影响

以Outlast空调纤维混纺纱为原料,设计织造了平纹组织、方格组织、皱组织机织物小样,并对试样的调温性能以及服用基本性能进行测试分析。结果表明:Outlast空调纤维机织物符合服用性能标准,皱组织织物调温性能最优。     

智能调温面料的交联沉积工艺

在选用2D树脂作为交联剂对涤-棉织物的交联工艺进行研究和分析时,由于质量增加率对织物热活性影响较大,且2D树脂会使织物强力下降,因此以织物的质量增加率和强度下降率作为评价指标,采用单因素分析法对2D树脂用量、催化剂Mg Cl_2·6H_2O与柠檬酸摩尔比、烘焙温度、烘焙时间进行分析,通过正交试验分析法确定涤/棉织物的最佳交联工艺为:2D树脂30 g/L,Mg Cl_2·6H_2O与柠檬酸(10 g/L)摩尔比6∶1,烘焙温度140℃,烘焙时间165 s,浴比1∶20。     

吸湿排汗针织面料的纤维素酶柔软整理

对以纯棉纱为面纱、COOLCOOL涤纶低弹丝为底纱制织的针织纬编添纱组织的织物面料进行纤维素酶洗柔软整理,研究处理时间、处理浴pH值、处理温度、纤维素酶用量等对试样柔洗效果以及对织物的吸湿排汗性能的影响规律,并且得出优化的酶洗柔软整理工艺。对整理后的针织布的悬垂性、透气性、透湿性、液态水扩散速度、毛细芯吸高度进行测试分析,结果表明：COOLCOOL纤维／棉针织布的悬垂系数小;透气量、透湿性大;芯吸高度好;液态水扩散速度大,说明COOLCOOL纤维／棉针织布的舒适性好。     

涤棉织物化学回收工艺研究

以废旧涤棉织物为原料,乙二醇(EG)为醇解剂,通过改变醇解时间、醇解温度、EG/废旧涤棉织物中聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)质量比(mEG/mPET)、催化剂种类及用量等研究了蓬松态下废旧涤棉织物的醇解工艺,以及醇解过程对涤棉织物中棉纤维性能的影响。结果表明:随着醇解时间、醇解温度的提高,mEG/mPET的增大,涤棉织物的醇解程度增大,各参数达到一定程度后醇解程度基本不变;最佳醇解工艺为涤棉织物中mEG/mPET为2/1,催化剂用量为涤棉织物中PET质量的0.30%,醇解温度196℃,醇解时间1 h;在乙酸锌、碳酸钠、乙酸钾、氯化镁4种催化剂中,碳酸钠综合催化效果最佳;经醇解过程后涤棉织物中棉纤维表面变得粗糙,力学性能有较大下降。     

新型假捻变形纱针织物的仿棉性能评价

就新型假捻变形纱针织物的光泽、基本力学性能、悬垂性和热湿舒适性进行了较为全面的研究,并通过与棉织物进行对比分析,对新型假捻变形纱织物的仿棉效果作出了评价.试验结果表明:新型假捻变形纱织物与棉织物相比,正反射光强和漫反射光强较大,对比光泽度较大,具有较高的光泽度值;从基本力学性能测试结果上看,新型假捻变形纱织物的弯曲刚度、弯曲滞后量、剪切刚度、剪切滞后量、压缩比功小于棉织物,而其压缩功回复率大于棉织物,说明新型假捻变形纱织物的柔软性、成形性和弹性回复能力较棉织物好,但蓬松性不及棉织物;新型假捻变形纱织物的保暖性和透湿性能低于棉织物,透气导湿性能好于棉织物,两种织物的接触冷暖感相近.     

竹浆纤维/丝光羊毛混纺针织物的开发

利用竹浆纤维、丝光羊毛为原料,纺成竹浆纤维/丝光羊毛混纺纱,设计并开发出吸湿性良好的混纺针织面料。介绍了该面料的组织设计及工艺参数,测试比较了平针、罗纹组织结构的透气性、防紫外线性、透湿性、汽蒸收缩性,得出70%竹浆纤维和30%丝光羊毛罗纹针织物最适合服用。     

聚酯基椰炭纤维混纺针织物的服用性能

为更好了解聚酯基椰炭纤维混纺针织物的服用性能,以聚酯基椰炭纤维混纺纱为原料,设计了7种不同组织结构的椰炭混纺针织面料,并对其坚牢度、热湿舒适性、保形性,以及除臭、释放负离子等功能进行测试。测试结果显示:聚酯基椰炭纤维具有良好的吸湿透气、舒适性等服用性能,而且还具有除臭、释放负离子等功能,市场应用前景广阔。     

Investigations on the level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide

The level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated by employing an improved beam (a perforated pipe on which the knitted or woven fabric/warp is wound around). The effects of system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing (R_time), different fabric layers wrapped around the beam, and the species and chemical structures of dyestuffs on leveling properties and color strength of polyester and cotton fabrics were observed. The results show that the leveling properties and color strength of fabrics were improved on the new beam, as well as with a favorably increased system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, and a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing; while the leveling property and color strength decreased with fabric layers on the beam under an identical condition. Highly leveling results were obtained on polyester and cotton fabrics with disperse and reactive disperse dyes involving different chemical structures.     

涤/棉针织物染色新工艺与染料助剂的筛选

本文重点讨论了涤/棉针织物一浴法染色新工艺,包括精炼染涤一浴法、练漂染涤一浴一步法、先染涤后棉氧漂一浴两步法、分散/活性一浴一步法、分散/活性一浴两步法。对分散/活性两浴法染色节能工艺也进行了考察。实验结果表明：合理的染色工艺和适当的染化料能很好的保障染色质量,而且对提高生产效率、降低染色成本、减小环境污染都有很大帮助。     

Flame-retardant viscose–polyester fabrics

For many purposes the natural-synthetic fiber-blend fabrics are more suitable than pure natural or synthetic products. It is often possible to obtain a maximum in clothing and textile technical properties by compensating the defects of one fiber by using an other totally different fiber. Many problems, however, have arisen in the production of flame-retardent fabrics because the use of synthetic fibers often makes the fire retardancy less effective. In our 2-year research project different fire-retardant (FR) viscose–polyesters fabrics were prapared at first in the laboratory scale. The natural type raw materials were Modal Prima viscose and normal FR–viscose cotton type staple fibers. The synthetic raw materials were FR–polyesters of the same type with two different flame retardants. Test fabrics were knitted in the laboratory by using seven blended yarns in the ratios 100/0, 80/20, 65/35, and 50/50 and vice versa. Cotton type PVC–fiber was also used in some experiments. All these test fabrics were also finished chemically by using normal crease-resistant (DMU, DMEU, DMDHEU, and TMM) and flameretardant (N,-methylolphosphonopropionamide and THPC) finishing chemicals. The textile and fire-retardant properties of the original and finished fabrics were estimated by using addon, tensile strength, LOI-value, and vertical flame test determinations. The mechanism of flame retardancy was also studied with DSC technique, P- and N-analysis and char investigations. The test results of viscose/polyester studies were compared with the results of cotton/polyester studies. After laboratory studies the best methods for FR–viscose/polyester fabric production were chosen, and the fabrics were manufactured. The fabrics were home-washed 20–50 times, and the textile and FR-properties were determined after each 10 washings. These results were again compared with results of cotton/polyester fabrics.     

Polyimide-coated fabrics with multifunctional properties: Flame retardant,UV protective,and water proof

Multifunctional technical textiles are of great interest both by industry and academia and these products are considered as high value-added products that contribute to the economies of countries. In this study, polyamic acid (PAA) was synthesized through polycondensation of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) in dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) at low temperature. Then, PAA was coated onto woven cotton and polyester fabric by padding technique. Finally, polyimide (PI)-coated multifunctional cotton and polyester fabrics were obtained by an easy coating technique and low-temperature imidization. Thus, low cost, easily accessible and widely used cotton and polyester fabrics were converted to high-performance textile products, which are flame retardant, UV protective, acid resistant, and waterproof. The chemical, thermal, morphological, optical, mechanical, wettability, chemical resistance, and flame retardancy properties of developed fabrics were investigated. Optical results showed that both PI-coated cotton and polyester fabrics are UV-A protective compared to noncoated fabrics. Moreover, PI-coated samples have high contact angles which are 111.43° and 113.40° for PI-coated cotton (PI-c-C) and PI-coated polyester (PI-c-PET), respectively. Young's modulus of PI-c-PET fabrics increased four times more than noncoated polyester fabric. PI coating changed the burning behavior of both cotton and polyester fabrics in a positive way. All the test results showed that these developed multifunctional textile products might find an application in different industrial areas such as automotive, aerospace, protective clothing, and so on due to easy and inexpensive production techniques and also superior properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47616.