共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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湿法纺丝制备水溶性PVA纤维工艺探讨 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
阐述了制备水溶性聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维原料的选择,纺丝原液的制备,纺丝及后处理工艺条件。 利用聚合度不大于1 700、醇解度不大于99%的各种牌号PVA,可用湿法纺丝制得溶解温度在60℃以上的水 溶性PVA纤维。 相似文献
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离子液体是纤维素的有效溶剂,可以实现快速溶解。以离子液体生产的再生纤维素纤维较多地保留了纤维素的天然特性,易于生物降解,产品性能优于传统的粘胶工艺。介绍了离子液体的物性、作为纤维素溶剂的优点、对纤维素的溶解机理、纺丝原液制备及纺丝工艺。 相似文献
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本文主要把腈纶NaSCN湿法与杜邦干法纺丝在工艺过程、成形机理、工艺参数及纤维结构等方面进行比较,进而总结了两种纺丝方法的不同特点。 相似文献
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姜立军 《高科技纤维与应用》2011,36(3):13-17
通过实验对二甲基亚砜(DMSO)法聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝的纤维凝固成形、水洗、牵伸、干燥定型条等湿法纺丝工艺对纤维性能的影响进行了研究,实验结果表明:增大喷丝板孔径,有利于提高原丝的取向度和干燥收缩率;调节凝固浴质量分数和温度,可生产出综合性能较好的原丝;提高水洗温度有利于制得性能好的原丝;热水、沸水和蒸汽3级牵伸工艺... 相似文献
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介绍干湿法纺丝法的基本特点,并用该法对PVA进行纺丝,所得PVA2499纤维的强度为14 ̄15cN/dtex,模量为300 ̄400cN/dtex。用PVA1799纺制的纤维强度模量较PVA2499的低10%左右。纤维的热性能同PVA常规纺丝相近。 相似文献
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研究了壳聚糖纺丝原液在真空脱泡和静置脱泡条件下的表观牯度和特性粘数的变化规律,讨论了尿素、醋酸钠等添加剂对纺丝原液性能的影响,在模拟纺丝设备上进行了纺丝,对纤维力学性能进行了初步分析.结果表明:真空脱泡条件下,壳聚糖纺丝原液粘度随脱泡时间的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势;在静置脱泡条件下,原液粘度呈下降趋势,随着时间的增加,其粘度下降趋缓;在壳聚糖纺丝原液中加入醋酸钠可提高原液的粘度,加速冻胶的形成;加入尿素,纺丝原液粘度下降,纺丝原液中的醋酸钠与壳聚糖摩尔比为0.2~0.4时,纤维力学性能较好. 相似文献
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High Stiffness Cellulose Fibers from Low Molecular Weight Microcrystalline Cellulose Solutions Using DMSO as Co‐Solvent with Ionic Liquid 下载免费PDF全文
Chenchen Zhu Anastasia F. Koutsomitopoulou Stephen J. Eichhorn Jeroen S. van Duijneveldt Robert M. Richardson Rinat Nigmatullin Kevin D. Potter 《大分子材料与工程》2018,303(5)
There is a need to develop high‐performance cellulose fibers as sustainable replacements for glass fibers, and as alternative precursors for carbon filaments. Traditional fiber spinning uses toxic solvents, but in this study, by using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a co‐solvent with an ionic liquid, a novel high‐performance fiber with exceptional mechanical properties is produced. This involves a one‐step dissolution, and cost‐effective route to convert high concentrations of low molecular weight microcrystalline cellulose into high stiffness cellulose fibers. As the cellulose concentration increases from 20.8 to 23.6 wt%, strong optically anisotropic patterns appear for cellulose solutions, and the clearing temperature (T c) increases from ≈100 °C to above 105 °C. Highly aligned, stiff cellulose fibers are dry‐jet wet spun from 20.8 and 23.6 wt% cellulose/1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate/DMSO solutions, with a Young's modulus of up to ≈41 GPa. The significant alignment of cellulose chains along the fiber axis is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and powder X‐ray diffraction. This process presents a new route to convert high concentrations of low molecular weight cellulose into high stiffness fibers, while significantly reducing the processing time and cost. 相似文献
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In this study, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate, having the advantages of regulating the performance of cellulose dissolution and degradation, simplicity in synthesis, is chosen as solvent to dissolve wood pulp cellulose for regenerated cellulose fibers (RCFs) manufacture using dry-jet wet spinning equipment. The effect of draw ratios on RCFs’ mechanical properties in three bathes, including coagulation bath, stretch bath, and washing bath is investigated and a series of RCFs with high strength are obtained. The morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, and dyeing behavior of the prepared RCFs are analyzed and discussed. More importantly, the biocompatibility of the RCFs, which is first performed, demonstrated that the toxicity of RCFs is as low as the viscose fibers. These RCFs could be easily dyed by natural turmeric and antibacterial fibers are obtained finally. In conclusion, this work provides tools for achievement of RCFs with good strength and environmental friendliness by changing the draw ratios, and also further develops a new green process for fabricating RCFs based on ionic liquids. 相似文献
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二甲基亚砜法聚丙烯腈原丝干湿纺与湿纺成形工艺的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对二甲基亚砜(DMSO)法聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝干湿纺和湿纺成形工艺进行比较,得出两种不同的成形工艺对PAN原丝表面光洁性和横截面形状的影响。实验表明:干湿纺成形纤维表面光洁,湿纺成形纤维表面凹凸有沟槽;不同的凝固浴浓度条件下,湿纺纤维横截面从圆形到非圆形再到圆形变化,干湿纺纤维横截面从圆形到非圆形变化。 相似文献
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两种咪唑型离子液体对纤维素的溶解及纺丝性能的比较 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
以1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM]Ac)和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([BMIM]CI)两种咪唑型离子液体为溶剂,研究比较了它们对纤维素的溶解性能及其溶液的纺丝加工性能。结果发现:两种离子液体均能在一定条件下溶解纤维素,但[EMIM]Ac较[BMIM]Cl对纤维素具有更低的溶解温度和更快的溶解速率。从流变分析还发现:纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液与纤维素/[BMIMCl溶液均为切力变稀流体,相同条件下纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液的黏度远低于纤维素/[BMIM]Cl溶液,使其可在相对低的温度下纺丝。此外,GPC分析结果表明:纤维素在用[EMIM]Ac溶解及纺丝过程中降解程度较小,而用[BMIM]Cl进行溶解纺丝时,降解作用则较明显。对纤维结构与力学性能的分析结果进一步表明:与相同喷头拉伸比下制得的[EMIM]Ac法再生纤维素纤维相比,[BMIM]Cl法再生纤维素纤维的聚集态结构相对较完善,结晶度与取向度更高些,从而使其力学性能也相对较好。 相似文献
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采用磷酸/多聚磷酸为溶剂溶解纤维素,制备了具有液晶性能的纺丝原液,相对于粘胶法大大缩短了纤维素溶解时间;并采用液晶纺丝工艺,制得了强度为2.04cN/dtex、模量为90.72cN/dtex的纤维素纤维。 相似文献
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蔡涛 《纤维素科学与技术》2011,19(4):22-27
采用离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM]Ac)为溶剂,制备了纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液,研究了该体系的流变性能,利用干喷湿纺的方式制备的新型再生纤维素纤维,并对纤维的结构与性能进行了分析。结果表明,纤维素/[EMIM]Ac溶液为典型的切力变稀流体,在较高剪切速率下,纺丝溶液的黏度变化较小;由该体系制备的新型再生纤维素纤维具有纤维素Ⅱ晶型的结构;随着拉伸比的提高,纤维的取向程度及结晶度增大,纤维力学性能提高。以离子液体为溶剂制备的再生纤维素纤维表面光滑,质地紧密。 相似文献