PVA及玄武岩纤维对水泥基复合材料力学性能的影响

在水泥基复合材料中掺入适量纤维可显著改善其物理力学性能,但有机-无机混杂纤维对水泥材料性能的影响目前研究不多。进行了单掺PVA纤维、单掺玄武岩纤维以及复掺两种纤维的水泥基复合材料力学性能实验。结果表明,单掺1.6%(体积分数)的短PVA纤维时,水泥基复合材料的抗折强度降低7%、抗压强度提升31%、折压比降低24%;单掺0.3%(体积分数)的短玄武岩纤维时,水泥基复合材料的抗折强度降低8%、抗压强度提升15.7%、折压比降低20%;掺0.3%(体积分数)短玄武岩纤维和0.5%(体积分数)短PVA纤维时,水泥基复合材料的抗折强度几乎无影响,抗压强度显著提升,折压比相对减少,其综合性能最优。     

短切玄武岩纤维混凝土力学性能试验与分析

为了研究短切玄武岩纤维掺量变化对混凝土基本力学性能的影响,对6种不同体积掺量的短切玄武岩纤维混凝土(BFRC)分别进行立方体抗压、轴心抗压、劈裂抗拉、抗折试验;基于试验结果,通过BP(Back Propagation)神经网路强度预测模型的构建,对附加纤维掺量的混凝土进行强度训练及预测。试验实测数据表明:掺入短切玄武岩纤维对混凝土早期抗压强度的发展有着延缓作用;当纤维掺量为0.1%时,抗压强度达到峰值。随着纤维掺量的增加,劈拉强度增幅较大,抗折强度保持上升趋势。通过BP神经网络的训练及发展趋势预测,结果表明:当纤维体积掺量为0.1%时,抗压强度达到最大值;劈拉强度与抗折强度则随着纤维掺量的增加而持续增大。基于试验数据及预测结果,得出短切玄武岩纤维的最佳体积掺量。     

微胶囊-玄武岩纤维/水泥复合材料的力学性能

以水泥、玄武岩纤维和脲醛/环氧树脂微胶囊为主要材料,制备水泥基复合材料标准试样,研究纤维掺量、纤维长度、微胶囊质量分数、水灰质量比和养护龄期对复合材料抗折强度和抗压强度的影响,利用正交实验确定微胶囊-玄武岩纤维/水泥自修复复合材料力学性能的最优配比。实验结果表明：抗折强度随着纤维掺量的增加而增加,抗压强度随着纤维掺量增加而减小;随着纤维长度的增加,抗折强度略有增加,抗压强度略有降低;抗折强度随着微胶囊质量分数的增加呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,而抗压强度则呈现下降趋势;抗折强度与抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而呈增加的趋势;材料经损伤后修复,抗折强度修复率为117%,恢复率为103%,抗压强度修复率为71%,恢复率为97%。     

新型聚合物乳胶粉对碳纤维增强混凝土力学性能的影响

为了更好地提升碳纤维混凝土的力学性能,通过加入VAE聚合物乳胶粉,研究4种碳纤维掺量(0,0.1%,0.2%,0.3%)下乳胶粉掺量对碳纤维混凝土性能的影响,并对混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度、抗压峰值应变、抗折峰值应变和折压比进行分析。试验结果表明,随着VAE聚合物乳胶粉掺量的增加,乳胶粉对碳纤维混凝土性能的提升效果呈现先升高后下降的趋势,乳胶粉掺量在4%～8%范围内对碳纤维混凝土性能的提升最为明显,且碳纤维掺量和乳胶粉掺量之间存在交互作用。     

钢纤维形状与掺量对UHPC施工及力学特性的影响

选用四种平直及两种端钩钢纤维,研究钢纤维体积掺量、长径比、形状、同形及异形纤维混掺对超高性能混凝土(UHPC)施工及力学性能的影响.通过相关实验得到了UHPC扩展度、抗压强度、抗折强度、能量吸收、断裂能及弯曲应力-挠度曲线;基于弯曲应力-挠度曲线及改进后的规范方法计算了UHPC的弯曲韧性指标;最后,开展了最佳纤维混掺比例的研究.结果表明:纤维掺量每增加0.5％,UHPC扩展度平均降幅为2.72％,抗压强度平均增幅为5.79％.抗折强度、弯曲韧性指数和能量吸收则先增后减(临界掺量为3.5％),断裂能呈上下波动(在3％时达最低值).随着纤维长径比的增大,UHPC扩展度降低,抗压强度、抗折强度、弯曲韧性指数、能量吸收值和断裂能基本呈递增趋势.相同长径比时,端钩形纤维UHPC扩展度、弯曲韧性指数优于平直形纤维,抗压强度、抗折强度、能量吸收、断裂能低于平直形纤维.同形纤维混掺UHPC扩展度、抗压强度稍低于对应的单掺纤维,弯曲韧性、能量吸收、断裂能总体上优于单掺试件;异形纤维混掺UHPC扩展度、抗压强度稍低于单掺试件,抗折强度与单掺试件各有所长,弯曲韧性、能量吸收及断裂能绝大多数优于单掺纤维.UHPC抗折强度变异性高于其抗压强度.单掺和混掺纤维时,UHPC试件的抗压强度、抗折强度综合最优分别为173.53 MPa、44.9 MPa和160.9 MPa、55.72 MPa;纤维混掺最佳组合为18 mm平直形、16 mm端钩形,且两者混掺比例为1:1时,UHPC的综合力学性能较优.     

偏高岭土掺合料对水泥胶砂强度的影响

将不同比例的偏高岭土与矿渣、粉煤灰复合掺入水泥砂浆,分析水胶比和偏高岭土掺合料对水泥胶砂强度的影响,并借助活性指数综合分析偏高岭土掺合料的诱导激活效应。研究结果表明:偏高岭土与其他矿物参合料复掺比例一定时,随水胶比增大,水泥胶砂的强度呈下降趋势。当水胶比一定时,掺量在5%～15%范围之内,偏高岭土与矿渣复掺可提高水泥的早期强度;偏高岭土、矿渣与粉煤灰复掺更有助于改善水泥3～7d的抗折和抗压强度。偏高岭土在复掺比例为40%左右,水泥胶砂的抗折强度和抗压强度活性指数达到最佳。     

绿色路用纤维增强水泥基复合材料制备及其韧性表征

为提高传统混凝土的路面抗变形能力,采用橡胶粉和玄武岩束制备绿色路用纤维增强水泥基复合材料(FRCC)。对材料的力学特性、韧性指标以及微观结构进行分析,结果表明:单掺橡胶粉时,材料的强度随橡胶粉掺量增加整体呈下降趋势,但其折压比随橡胶粉掺量增加有所提高,试件破坏过程中表现出一定的延性。复掺0.6%、0.8%和1.0%玄武岩纤维束时,材料的强度和折压比均有很大程度的提高,其荷载-挠度曲线具有明显的弯曲硬化特征,峰值荷载所对应的挠度比单掺10%橡胶粉的试验组提高了30%~110%,全曲线所包围面积为单掺10%橡胶粉试验组的14.4~30.3倍。采用初始弯曲韧性比进行弯曲韧性表征结果与折压比之间具有良好的线性相关性。     

纤维增强活性粉末混凝土高温力学性能的实验研究

研究了钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维和PVA纤维的不同掺量以及纤维复掺在90℃、200℃和400℃高温养护时活性粉末混凝土的力学性能和微观结构.结果表明,200℃高温养护,单掺钢纤维时,RPC的抗折强度与90℃的相近,但抗压强度提高,迭210.2MPa;单掺聚丙烯纤雏时,由于其高温熔解,形成三维网络结构,与RPC融为一体,抗压强度显著提高,当掺量为1.5%(体积分数)时,强度达242.6MPa.纤维复掺时抗折强度与钢纤维相近,但抗压强度有所提高,200℃养护时达265 MPa.400℃养护时,随水胶比降低,强度进一步增大,当水胶比为0.12时,抗压强度达333.4MPa.     

纳米SiO2-橡胶粉再生混凝土力学性能试验研究及数值模拟

以质量取代法研究纳米SiO2(取代水泥)和橡胶粉(取代河砂)对再生混凝土28 d抗压强度、抗折强度和劈裂抗拉强度的影响,并通过MAT-LAB软件建立了二维随机骨料投放程序,采用ABAQUS软件对再生混凝土单轴受压力学性能进行了数值模拟分析.结果表明:单掺橡胶粉时,随着橡胶粉掺量增加,再生混凝土的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度呈先增大后减小的趋势;当橡胶粉掺量恒定时,再生混凝土抗压、劈裂抗拉和抗折强度随着纳米SiO2掺量增加而增大.与未掺SiO2组相比,纳米SiO2掺量为1.5％(质量分数,下同)的再生混凝土28 d抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度分别提高了13.3％、22.8％、21％.基准组(纳米SiO2和橡胶掺量为0)和试验组(1.5％纳米SiO2和5％橡胶)单轴受压试验模拟结果与真实试验结果的误差较小,表明数值模拟分析所得的计算值与试验值吻合良好.     

纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土的性能影响研究

采用四种纤维品种、六个长度及五个掺量,试验研究了纤维品种、长度及掺量对道面混凝土强度的影响。结果表明：纤维能显著提高道面混凝土的抗折强度,但对抗压强度无显著影响,其中改性聚酯纤维混凝土抗折强度最高,抗折强度并不是简单地随纤维长度及掺量的增大而增加,而是存在一个最佳长度及掺量范围,其最佳长度为8mm～16mm,最佳体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％。建议机场高强道面采用体积掺量为0．10％～0．16％、长度为8mm～16mm的改性聚酯纤维混凝土铺筑。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.