钢桁架拱桥非线性稳定性分析

在经典地考虑材料和几何非线性的稳定理论上,采用通用有限元分析软件SAP2000分析了一座钢桁架拱桥,计算结果表明,几何非线性对其稳定性影响很大,同时材料非线性也不可忽视。     

材料非线性对独塔斜拉桥静力分析的影响研究

综合考虑几何及材料非线性的影响,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立了吉林市临江门独塔斜拉桥实体单元有限元模型,对斜拉桥关键部位进行了非线性静力分析,结果表明,考虑材料非线性影响后塔梁固结处及主梁的应力和位移平均增大10％,索应力最大相差20％,因此对于中小跨度斜拉桥应考虑材料非线性的影响。     

Large deflection inelastic analysis of space trusses using generalized displacement control method

This paper presents the large deflection inelastic analysis of space truss structures including both geometric and material nonlinearities. The geometric nonlinearity is considered, based on an updated Lagrangian formulation, while the material nonlinearity is accounted for by tracing a complete stress–strain relationship in the elastoplastic range. The nonlinear equilibrium equations are solved using an incremental-iterative scheme based on the generalized displacement control method. This algorithm can accurately trace the equilibrium path of nonlinear problems with multiple limit points and snap-back points. A computer program is developed to predict the inelastic post-buckling behavior of space trusses. Numerical results obtained from the developed program are compared with those reported in the literature to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed procedure.     

斜拉立体桁架极限承载力的双重非线性分析

斜拉立体桁架是一种有发展前途的大跨度杂交结构体系。针对两塔三跨和一塔两跨两种结构形式,基于UL列式,采用混合有限元模型,对该结构体系进行了几何非线性屈曲分析以及几何、材料双重非线性屈曲分析,得出斜拉立体桁架的极限承载力。计算结果表明,只有同时考虑结构的几何和材料非线性的屈曲分析方法,才能准确地评估出结构的极限承载力。同时研究了不同塔高、桁架高度、索距以及跨度对结构极限承载力的影响,从中得出了一些结论可供设计人员参考。     

钢筋混凝土拱桥面内极限承载能力的非线性分析

建立了平面杆系UL列式的几何非线性与材料非线性耦合分析方法 ,并编制非线性分析程序。采用所编的程序对文献 [2、 6]提供的两个模型拱进行了计算分析 ,通过对拱桥结构的非线性屈曲分析 ,给出了拱顶挠度-荷载的关系曲线 ,可以看到拱桥结构的屈曲与压杆失稳是有差异的 ,拱结构在极值荷载点没有明显的屈服台阶 ,挠度 -荷载曲线在达到峰值点立即进入下降段 ;在对模型拱进行几何与材料非线性分析中 ,可以看到模型拱的极限承载能力主要受材料非线性的影响     

斜拉立体桁架一塔柱两跨结构体系的极限承载力分析

对斜拉立体桁架常用的一塔柱两跨结构体系,基于UL列式,采用混合有限元,分别按空间(面外自由)和平面(面外自由度约束)两种模型,进行了线性、几何非线性、材料非线性以及同时考虑两种非线性屈曲分析,得出结构的极限承载力。研究表明,空间模型比平面模型的安全因子低。线性屈曲和只考虑几何非线性屈曲两种模型的安全因子差别较大,而考虑材料非线性和双重非线性两种模型的安全因子比较接近。几何非线性对斜拉立体桁架的极限承载力影响较小,其结构极限承载力主要由材料非线性控制。立体桁架的塑性部位出现在距塔柱(5/8～3/4)主跨附近的弦杆、塔柱附近弦杆以及靠近塔柱拉索附近的弦杆。此外,探讨了塔高、桁架高度、索距以及拉索刚度对结构极限承载力的影响,其中索距对结构的极限承载力影响最大。     

大跨度斜拉立体桁架的极限承载力及影响因素分析

本文针对常用的斜拉立体桁架两塔柱三跨结构形式,基于UL列式,采用混合有限元,分别按空间（面外自由）和平面（面外自由度约束）两种模型,进行了线性、几何非线性、材料非线性以及同时考虑两种非线性的屈曲分析和比较,得出了结构的极限承载力。研究表明,空间模型比平面模型的安全因子低。线性屈曲和只考虑几何非线性屈曲两种模型的安全因子差别较大,而考虑材料非线性和双重非线性两种模型的安全因子比较接近。几何非线性对斜拉立体桁架的极限承载力影响较小,其结构极限承载力主要由材料非线性控制。立体桁架的塑性部位出现在塔柱附近的腹杆和弦杆,以及跨中附近的弦杆以及拉索附近的弦杆。此外,探讨了塔高、桁架高度、索距以及拉索刚度对结构极限承载力的影响,其中索距对结构的极限承载力影响最大。     

任意截面钢筋混凝土长柱在双向弯曲及轴向作用下的承载力分析

提出任意截面钢筋混凝土长柱在双向弯曲及轴向作用下承载力分析模型 ,同时考虑了材料非线性和几何非线性对柱承载力的影响。混凝土和钢筋的本构关系用三次多项式模拟。所推导的单元刚度是材料非线性刚度、几何刚度以及位移 -内力相互作用矩阵的简单迭加。所建立的标准有限元模型很容易与其它有限元模型兼容。理论分析结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

张拉整体结构静力性能的参数分析

应用非线性有限元理论,对预应力态和荷载态的张拉整体结构进行了分析。将结构离散为空间索和杆单元,考虑单元的几何非线性,建立了近20个模型,分别就两种工况进行了大量计算。研究了几何外形、预应力、跨度、矢跨比等参数对结构非线性的影响程度,并把线性与非线性结果进行了比较,得出了有益的结论,为结构的动力分析奠定了基础。     

A semi-analytical method for the elastic-plastic large deflection analysis of welded steel or aluminum plating under combined in-plane and lateral pressure loads

The aim of the present paper is to develop a semi-analytical method which can quickly and accurately compute the elastic–plastic large deflection response of welded steel or aluminum plating under a combination of biaxial compression/tension, biaxial in-plane bending, edge shear and lateral pressure loads, until the ultimate limit state is reached. The post-weld initial imperfections (i.e. initial deflection and residual stresses) are included in the method as parameters of influence. It is assumed that the plating is simply supported at all (four) edges which are kept straight. A unique feature of the developed method is that geometric nonlinearity associated with large deflection response of plating under combined loads is treated by analytically solving the nonlinear governing differential equations of the elastic large deflection plate theory, while material nonlinearity due to plasticity is dealt with implicitly by a numerical procedure. This approach reduces the magnitude of numerical computations, resulting in a saving of modeling effort and computing time. As another contribution, this paper investigates and discusses the ultimate strength characteristics of plating, by varying the plate properties and load combinations, based on elastic–plastic large deflection analysis using the developed method.     

Nonlinear interactive analysis of cooling tower–foundation–soil interaction under unsymmetrical wind load

This paper deals with physical and material modelling of a cooling tower–foundation–soil system. The physical modelling has been carried out using solid 20-noded isoparametric element to model the cooling tower, annular raft foundation and soil media. The cooling tower–foundation–soil system was analysed under vertical and lateral load generated due to self-weight and wind loads. The soil nonlinearity has been taken into consideration using hyperbolic nonlinear elastic constitutive law. The response of the structure has been investigated with respect to displacement and stresses. Moreover, an attempt has been made to study the effect of the linear and nonlinear interactive analyses compared with conventional analysis. It was seen that the interactive analysis of the cooling tower–foundation–soil media plays a major role in releasing the stresses in the cooling tower, particularly at the bottom ring beam.     

影响钢管混凝土K型节点承载力的参数分析

以钢管混凝土平面K型节点为研究对象,采用三维实体单元模拟钢管与混凝土,考虑材料非线性、钢管与混凝土接触非线性以及几何非线性,讨论在节点荷载作用下结构的应力分布、塑性发展、极限承载力和破坏模式,并对影响节点承载力的诸参数进行详细分析.根据参数分析结果得出几点结论,可为钢管混凝土桁架节点的设计提供参考依据.     

含损伤缺陷采油井架钢结构双重非线性承载性能分析

针对目前石油工业中对服役井架结构进行安全性评定的需要,本文提出了对含损伤缺陷采油井架钢结构进行承载性能分析的方法。首先,采用空间梁单元作为有限元计算的基本单元,通过包含单元几何刚度阵和变形刚度阵的增量切线刚度法考虑大变形问题;用杆端集中塑性法来简化材料非线性,可以对无损伤缺陷的理想井架结构进行双重非线性承载性能分析。其次,应用参考统一折减法,能够将一定的损伤缺陷引入结构有限元计算模型,得到对应于不同损伤缺陷程度的一组结构荷载位移曲线。最后通过计算曲线与实测位移值的对比,可以确定服役井架结构的极限承载力。文中给出了两个采油井架的分析实例。     

悬索桥的几何非线性问题及其有限元分析

首先简述了几何非线性的基本理论,介绍了国内外在几何非线性有限元法方面的研究进展,并分析了其求解的一般过程。最后对一大跨度悬索桥进行施工全过程有限元模拟。结果表明,几何非线性效应对大跨度悬索桥的施工影响显著,在悬索桥的设计分析中必须充分考虑。     

空间桁架结构的非线性追踪分析理论

本文提出了空间桁架结构基于Euler坐标描述的非线性分析方法.几何非线性分析包括考虑结构发生杆端大侧移、杆端大转角下的平衡条件,导出了杆件切线刚度矩阵的显式.材料非线性包括考虑压杆弹塑性失稳前和失稳后的荷载-位移路径.运用本文模型可追踪空间桁架结构外力与位移关系的全过程.     

计算方法对钢筋混凝土圆管涵受力分析的影响研究

以某钢筋混凝土圆管涵为工程背景,针对是否考虑土体与钢筋混凝土圆管涵的接触非线性采用两种不同的计算方法对其进行受力分析,且计算中均考虑了钢筋与混凝土的材料非线性.计算分析表明:考虑土体与钢筋混凝土圆管涵的接触非线性后,钢筋混凝土圆管涵的变形增大约30％,混凝土的第一主应力最大值不变,普通钢筋的拉应力最大值增大45.88％...     

Automatic design of space steel frame using practical nonlinear analysis

An automatic design method of steel frames using practical nonlinear analysis is developed. The geometric nonlinearity is considered by the use of stability functions. The transverse shear deformation effect in a beam–column is accounted for. A direct search method is used as an automatic design technique. The unit value of each member is evaluated by using LRFD interaction equation. The member with the largest unit value is replaced one by one with an adjacent larger member selected in the database. The weight of the steel frame is taken as an objective function. Load-carrying capacities, deflections, interstory drifts, and ductility requirement are used as constraint functions. Case studies of the planar portal frame and the space two-story frame are carried out.     

45°轴承组合支座铸钢节点试验和有限元分析

铸钢节点作为一种新型的节点形式,目前已经广泛应用于大跨空间结构中。由于节点本身造型的复杂性,其计算必须借助于有限元软件进行分析。对于较重要的工程及受力较为复杂的铸钢节点,还需要通过一定的试验来验证有限元建模的准确性。运用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS对中国航海博物馆支座45°轴承组合支座铸钢节点进行真实工作状态的模拟和分析,同时考虑材料、接触非线性,并通过试验进行验证,说明模型建立正确且与试验吻合较好,从而为工程设计、分析提供参考。     

Nonlinear inelastic analysis of space frames

In this paper, a fiber beam-column element which considers both geometric and material nonlinearities is presented. The geometric nonlinearities are captured using stability functions obtained from the exact stability solution of a beam-column subjected to axial force and bending moments. The material nonlinearities are included by tracing the uniaxial stress-strain relationship of each fiber on the cross sections. The nonlinear equilibrium equations are solved using an incremental iterative scheme based on the generalized displacement control method. Using only one element per member in structure modeling, the nonlinear responses predicted by the proposed element compare well with those given by commercial finite element packages and other available results. Numerical examples are presented to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed element.     

Nonlinear inelastic response history analysis of steel frame structures using plastic-zone method

A beam–column element formulation and solution procedure for nonlinear inelastic analysis of planar steel frame structures under dynamic loadings is presented. The spread of plasticity is considered by tracing the uniaxial stress–strain relationship of each fiber on the cross section of sub-elements. An elastic perfectly-plastic material model with linear strain hardening is employed for deriving a nonlinear elemental stiffness matrix, which directly takes into account geometric nonlinearity and gradual yielding. A solution procedure based on the combination of the Hilber–Hughes–Taylor method and the Newton–Raphson method is proposed for solving nonlinear equations of motion. The nonlinear inelastic time-history responses predicted by the proposed program compare well with those given by the commercial finite element package known as ABAQUS. Shaking table tests of a two-story steel frame were carried out with an aim to clarify the inelastic behavior of the frame subjected to earthquakes generated by the proposed program. A more practical analysis method for seismic design can be developed by comparing it with the presented frames for verification.