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An interferometric technique is described to detect and locate perturbations along an optical fiber. This distributed sensor has a position-dependent response to time-varying disturbances such as strain or temperature. A modified Sagnac interferometer configuration that incorporates an additional coupler and a mirror allows separation of the Sagnac and the Mach-Zehnder signals. Operation of the new configuration was verified experimentally with a 100-m-long sensing fiber. The discrepancy between actual and measured locations of disturbances applied to the fiber did not exceed 0.6 m. 相似文献
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采用分布式光纤传感技术的土坝模型渗漏监测分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海底隧道应采取堵水限排的地下水处理方式,为了研究堵水限排海底隧道围岩压力、初期支护水压力和钢拱架内力在施工阶段的变化规律,结合厦门海底隧道工程,对施工现场的围岩压力、初期支护后水压力和钢拱架内力进行实时监测。研究表明,初期支护在施工阶段有较高的安全系数,止水超前注浆和初期支护背后注浆对海底隧道非常有必要。在堵水限排情况下,通过加强注浆等工程措施,初期支护水压力可降至静水压力的1/3。通过对施工现场排水量的监测与分析,提出了排水量控制标准,厦门海底隧道软弱围岩地段的排水量应按照0.25 m3/(m.d)控制。研究成果在厦门海底隧道中得到了验证和应用。 相似文献
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Yu-Lin Shen 《中国工程学刊》2016,39(4):413-417
Wall thinning defects in steel pipes are usually localized and are difficult to detect using traditional sensors that have a small coverage and limited measuring range. A distributed fiber sensor, based on the Brillouin backscattering sensing system, has been demonstrated to be able to measure the strain and detect the defect in a pipe accurately. A 1.8 m pipe segment that contains artificial thinning from 13 to 60% of wall thickness at various positions was subjected to an internal pressure of 350 kgf/cm2. Hoop strain distribution along the whole pipe segment was monitored by a single optical fiber. The measured strains compared favorably with strain gauge results. The method proposed in this study shows promising results for the detection of the existence and location of wall thinning defects in long distance pressurized pipe. 相似文献
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为了解决恶劣环境下分布式光纤声音传感系统的声音还原问题,搭建了一种基于改进最小控制递归平均(IMCRA)算法的多通道光纤声音传感系统。采用Sagnac和Mach-Zehnder复合光路结构,以单模光纤作为传感单元拾取声音信号,借助光开关实现了多通道信号采集,并通过改进最小控制递归平均算法对声音信号进行降噪、还原及增强处理。实验结果表明:该系统可在长为4km的传感光纤上实现对单音信号和语音信号的多通道扫描拾取,并能够在复杂情况下实现对语音信号信噪比的有效提升,为光纤声音传感系统在恶劣环境下的应用提供了一种新途径。 相似文献
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光纤缠绕式应变传感器 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了一种可用于机敏复合材料与结构状态监测的本征型强度调制光纤应变传感器,它由两根以上多模光纤相互缠绕绞合形成。分析了该传感器的应变传感原理,得到其既能测量拉应变、又能测量压应变的结论。传感器对应变的响应具有良好的线性和重复性,灵敏度高,无迟滞现象。对植入碳纤维/环氧复合材料内的光纤缠绕型应变传感器的实验结果与理论分析一致,表明该传感器是适合于机敏复合材料与结构状态监测的较为理想的光纤传感器。 相似文献
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基于相干后向瑞利散射原理搭建了一套分布式光纤传感系统,并设计了一种优化的掺铒光纤放大器。以此为基础进行实验,分析了消光比、传感距离和传感光纤前后端反射等几个关键因素对相干后向瑞利散射波形的影响。实验结果表明:适当地设计电光调制器偏置电压与掺铒光纤放大器,可明显改善注入脉冲信号峰值功率和消光比;由于注入信号光消光比的限制,短距离传感比长距离传感更容易获得优良的散射信号;消除传感光纤前后端的菲涅耳反射也能显著提升散射信号的质量与稳定性。 相似文献
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Frequency-derived distributed optical-fiber sensing is a method for remote measurement of the spatial distribution of linear birefringence in an optical fiber, allowing a corresponding measurement of those external measurands that influence this birefringence. The method employs a pump-probe scheme, which, by use of the optical Kerr effect, generates an optical modulation of the probe beam, with a modulation frequency whose temporal variation maps the spatial distribution of birefringence. We provide a complete theoretical analysis of this method by using Jones calculus and graphic representation on the Poincaré sphere. The relevant characterization of the technique and some experimental results are also presented; these show good agreement with the theory. 相似文献
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表面粘贴光纤干涉仪测量复合材料梁的分层 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从理论上和实验中分别讨论了将光纤干涉仪的传感臂粘贴在梁的表面时,在简单支撑和弹性连续支撑条件下,通过检测光纤(即梁的表面)的形变,检测复合材料的分层,理论分析和实验都表明,在连续支撑下,可以测量出分层的存在,在有分层的地方,干涉仪的输出会反向,在简单支撑下,不能测出是否存在分层,因为材料本身的变形对粘贴在表面的光纤的影响远远大于分层的影响,这一技术也适用于复合材料修补后的脱层检测。 相似文献
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We present a method of replacing a section of the core of a D-shaped optical fiber with sensing materials as a platform for various extrinsic fiber sensors. In this configuration light guides within the sensing material allow for strong interaction between the sensing material and the optical field. Initial experimental results indicate that replacing the fiber core with polymer enhances its temperature sensitivity by at least a factor of 5. The new technique is promising as a means for incorporating various sensing materials into the path of a beam traveling in an optical fiber. 相似文献
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为研究混合结构PBL剪力键群各剪力键的剪力传递,在开孔板界面摩擦效应测试中引入了光纤传感测试技术。阐述了PPP-BOTDA (Pulse-PrePump Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis)技术的测量原理,根据多中间层的剪滞理论,建立了基体-光纤间的应变传递模型,推导了表贴式光纤的应变传递公式,基于4个四排PBL剪力键群试件的静载破坏试验,实现了对PBL剪力键开孔钢板及混凝土应变的空间分布式测量,并对分布式传感光纤的应变传递进行了敏感性分析。测试结果及分析表明:在仪器的空间分辨率一定时,传感光纤的粘贴宽度、光纤护套的厚度对应变传递影响显著,粘结层胶体的剪切模量对应变传递影响不甚明显;对比剪力键试验中应变片与分布式光纤的应变数据,试验采用的两种光纤均具有良好的应变测量精度,试验结果与理论敏感性分析较为一致;基于PPP-BOTDA的分布式光纤测试方法,克服了传统应变片测试中的不足,在既定的光纤铺设工艺下,适用于结构的大应变、高精度、分布式测量。 相似文献
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大型结构应变场光纤分布监测系统 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
研究了一种用于大型工程结构应变、变形状态监测的基于光时域反射技术的分布式光纤应变传感系统。设计了一种新型的光纤微弯传感器结构,用于对沿传感光纤分布各测量点的应变信息进行提取;在此新结构的基础上,了全光纤型应变传感器串行阵列,以对构件应变测量和安全监测为主要目标,建立了起了分布光纤应变实时监测系统,进行了系统实验了得到了良好的结构。 相似文献
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分布式光纤管道泄漏检测及预警技术灵敏度分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对管道安全存在的问题,提出了一种基于Mach-Zehnder光纤干涉仪原理的分布式光纤管道泄漏检测及预警技术,利用与管道同沟敷设的光缆中的3条单模光纤构成分布式光纤微振动传感器检测管道沿线的振动信号,可以有效地检测管道沿线所发生泄漏和异常事件.分析和研究了检测系统的测试灵敏度影响因素,并采用不同光缆结构和埋设方式对检测系统的检测灵敏度进行测试.实验结果表明,该检测技术可以检测到1m范围内的人工挖掘信号,在气体管道压力不小于0.2MPa的条件下,可以检测到0.4m^3/min的气体管道泄漏. 相似文献
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提出了一种新的利用分布式OFBG-GFRP智能传感筋研究GFRP筋与混凝土之间粘结特性的方法.在OFBG-GFRP的拉挤过程中,多个串连的光栅随同母材,即GFRP筋一同拉挤成型.早期的性能试验表明OFBG-GFRP筋不仅可以作为优良的增强材料使用,还具有理想的和稳定的传感特性.对3个带有OFBG-GFRP筋的混凝土粘结试件进行了直接拔出试验,在试验中自动记录了3个试件中的14个光栅的波长变化数据,这些数据连同记录的拔出力水平一起用来研究GFRP筋与混凝土之间的粘结性能.分析结果表明,GFRP筋与混凝土之间的粘结应变沿埋置深度基本呈现倒三角分布,且随着拔出力的增大,粘结应变分布也发生较为明显的变化,记录的光栅数据也很好地印证了试验过程中发生的试验现象.试验表明,所提方法可以在不影响FRP筋与混凝土之间粘结性能的情况下展开研究. 相似文献
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Sensors capable of making distributed measurements allow for monitoring of the entire structure. Optical fiber sensors are especially attractive for this purpose, since they are geometrically versatile and can be readily integrated within various types of structure and material. Development and characteristics of a quasi-distributed intrinsic fiber-optic strain sensor based on white-light interferometry are described. The research presented here describes the development of a new optical fiber sensor system for measurement of structural strains based on double white-light interferometry. Individual segments of single-mode optical fibers forming a common-path interferometer are linked in series, and a scanning white-light interferometer provides for distributed sensing of strain signals from various locations in the structure. The system is configured for automatic compensation of drift due to environmental effects, i.e., temperature and vibration. Strain gauges were employed for comparison and verification of strain signals as measured by the new system. The experimental results demonstrate the linearity of the system and the capability for distributed sensing of strains. 相似文献