N-TiO2/g-C3N4复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

采用水热法制备N掺杂TiO2,将其与二氰二胺混合进行高温焙烧合成N-TiO2/g-C3N4复合光催化剂。采用XRD、UV-Vis、N2吸附-脱附和SEM等对催化剂进行微观结构表征,以200W氙灯模拟光源并过滤掉420nm以下的紫外光,对比研究TiO2、g-C3N4、N-TiO2和复合光催化剂对罗丹明B的可见光降解性能。结果表明,N掺杂后TiO2的禁带宽度降低,催化活性提高;而复合光催化剂可见光吸收边距相对N-TiO2进一步红移,禁带宽度为2.75eV,降解罗丹明B的一级动力学常数k可达0.12158min-1,是g-C3N4、N-TiO2的2倍;复合催化剂重复使用4次后,对罗丹明B的降解率仍达92%以上,表明催化剂具有较好的光催化活性和稳定性。     

S,Fe共掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能

以水热法制得了S,Fe共掺杂的纳米TiO2光催化剂(TiO2-S-Fe),XRD分析表明,其为锐钛矿晶型,S,Fe掺杂能抑制TiO2粒径的生长;UV-vis漫反射表明,TiO2-S-Fe对可见光吸收增强,吸收带边明显红移;XPS显示S,Fe共掺杂,使得TiO2表面羟基氧含量提高,从而提高催化剂活性;可见光降解甲基橙溶液结果表明,共掺杂样品光催化效果优于单掺样品,S和Fe共掺杂对提高TiO2可见光活性具有协同效应。当Fe3+∶S∶Ti(摩尔比)=0.005∶1∶1,180℃下水热反应3 h时,制得的TiO2-S-Fe可见光催化活性比纯TiO2的活性提高了约10倍。     

掺Fe~(3+) A-TiO_2粉末的制备及其光催化活性研究

在3种晶型的TiO2纳米材料中锐钛矿型的TiO2拥有最好的光催化活性。在一定条件下用水热法制备了掺Fe3+纳米锐钛矿型TiO2(A-TiO2)粉末。研究了以Fe3+A-TiO2为光催化剂对罗丹明B溶液进行可见光降解,最佳条件:在6 mg/L的酸性(pH=2)罗丹明B溶液中,加入0.153 3 g掺5%Fe3+的A-TiO2粉末,可见光照射下,室温下磁力快速搅拌反应4 h,降解率达到81.69%。     

Eu~(3+)掺杂TiO_2光催化剂的制备及废水处理性能研究

以钛酸四正丁酯、氯化铕为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Eu3+掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂,借助X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)及UV-Vis测试手段对样品进行了表征,并以罗丹明B为模型污染物考察了Eu3+掺杂量对样品光催化活性的影响规律。XRD分析表明,所得粉体均为锐钛矿相纳米TiO2,且Eu3+掺杂后随着掺杂量的增加,纳米TiO2特征衍射峰宽化,强度降低;UV-Vis光谱分析表明,适量铕掺杂使得催化剂在400~600 nm的可见光区对光的吸收显著增强,对光具有更高的利用率;以罗丹明B为降解物的光催化实验表明,当Eu3+掺杂量为0.5%时其光催化活性最好,并将该光催化剂用于炼油厂废水的处理,对其实际应用进行了探索。     

Fe、N、La共掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备及可见光下降解甲基橙的研究

通过溶胶凝胶法制备Fe、N、La共掺杂TiO2光催化剂,在可见光条件下降解甲基橙模拟染料废水,研究共掺杂光催化剂的制备条件和工艺条件对其催化活性的影响。结果表明,共掺体系的优化掺杂量为n(TiO2):n(Fe):n(N):n(La)=1:0.2%:10%:0.2%,温度550℃下焙烧3 h;此掺杂量下催化剂活性最佳,投加量1 g/L的TiO2在可见光下对质量浓度70 mg/L的甲基橙溶液有良好的降解效果,反应3 h降解率达到73.07%。     

掺Fe~(3+)纳米二氧化钛对活性艳红X-3B的光降解性能的研究

采用溶胶——凝胶法制备不同掺铁量及不同pH值下的一系列纳米TiO2光催化剂,对模拟活性艳红X-3B染料废水进行降解,对其光催化活性进行研究。实验表明:Fe3+-TiO2比纯纳米TiO2具有更好的催化活性,且Fe3+最佳掺杂量为0.05%,最佳制备pH值为4,最佳用量为1.2g/L。     

Fe~(3+)掺杂TiO_2薄膜材料的制备与光催化性能研究

以载玻片为基材,通过溶胶-凝胶技术制备Fe3+离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜。采用甲基橙作为目标降解物,研究Fe3+掺杂薄膜的光催化活性,采用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见光吸收谱等技术对薄膜相关特征进行了表征。研究表明,当Fe/Ti物质量比为0.25%时,光催化活性最高。经500℃焙烧2h制备TiO2薄膜具有锐钛矿结构,TiO2粒子大小均匀,有孔隙结构。掺杂Fe3+使薄膜TiO2粒子减小,孔隙率增加,而粒子粒径分布不均匀增加,且吸收强度增加吸收边有一定的红移。     

改性TiO_2纳米薄膜及其可见光降解甲醛研究

以无机盐TiOSO4为主要原料,采用低温回流技术,于130℃下在玻璃基底上制备了TiO2纳米薄膜,研究了单离子掺杂和双离子掺杂对材料结构特性和可见光催化降解甲醛特性的影响。结果表明,选取La3+和Fe3+分别掺杂以及以2种离子共同掺杂,在可见光下对甲醛气体的降解试验中,TiO2基薄膜均表现出较高的光催化活性,尤其是在2种离子双掺杂的情况,在6 h可见光照射下,对甲醛的降解率达到90%。纳米尺度的锐钛矿结构以及离子掺杂改变TiO2材料带隙结构是该薄膜材料具有可见光催化活性的根本原因。     

Ag掺杂三维花状BiOBr光催化剂降解罗丹明B的研究

利用醇热法制备了具有花球状结构的铋系溴氧化物光催化剂,并通过掺杂贵金属Ag制备出光催化剂BiOBr-Ag。通过XRD和SEM对它们进行表征,并考察其在可见光下降解罗丹明的催化活性。实验结果表明,适当掺杂贵金属Ag有助于提高光催化剂的光催化降解活性。     

掺钒二氧化钛的可见光催化性能研究

制备高活性可见光响应型掺钒TiO2光催化剂,以荧光灯为光源,光催化降解亚甲基蓝为模型反应,对可见光下TiO2的催化活性进行评价。研究了掺钒TiO2制备方法、掺钒量及氧化剂对光催化氧化的影响。结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的TiO2催化活性较高,且工序简单,钒离子掺杂均匀;掺钒能使TiO2具有可见光响应,最佳掺钒量为1%;外加氧化剂H2O2能提高掺钒TiO2催化活性。     

掺杂铁TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe^3＋掺杂改性纳米TiO2光催化剂,通过纯TiO2和掺铁TiO2分别做光催化剂时甲基橙溶液在紫外光下的光催化降解试验发现,掺杂铁离子可以有效提高TiO2的光催化活性．结果表明：选用Fe^3＋掺杂量为0．05％,煅烧温度在500℃下得到的Fe^3＋-TiO2催化剂,在甲基橙溶液pH值为3,催化剂投加量为1g／L时,其光催化活性达到最佳效果。     

可见光响应的Fe^3＋修饰纳米TiO2光催化降解氮氧化物研究

为了在光催化转化氮氧化物的反应中利用可见光,以Fe（NO3）·9H2O作为Fe^3＋源,采用浸渍的方法,制备了Fe^3＋修饰的纳米TiO2。经XRD分析表明,搀杂和煅烧过程没有改变TiO2的晶型。由XRD和XPS图谱可知,Fe^3＋在TiO2表面形成Ti—O—Fe键。催化剂的UV-Vis漫反射光谱显示,Fe^3＋修饰TiO2催化剂的吸收光谱发生了一定程度的红移,在可见光区有一定的吸收。Fe^3＋修饰TiO2催化在蓝光照射下对NOx有一定的转化而且在模拟自然光下NOx的转化效率也有所提高。合适的Fe^3＋修饰量对修饰过程非常重要,Fe^3＋/Ti^4＋摩尔比为0.2%并在600℃下煅烧1.0 h的催化剂在可见光下转化NOx的活性最高。     

In situ hydrothermal synthesis of Y-TiO2/graphene heterojunctions with improved visible-light-driven photocatalytic properties

The Y-TiO₂/graphene heterojunctions were prepared using a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The SEM and TEM images showed that titanium dioxide and flaky graphene were tightly bound together, and XPS indicated that yttrium was doped uniformly into the complex. The crystal phase of titanium dioxide in Y-TiO₂/graphene composite was anatase, and the yttrium doping caused distortion of the titanium dioxide lattice, resulting in a new valence type and more defects. An appropriate amount of yttrium doping and graphene modification significantly improved the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In the degradation of rhodamine B, the co-modification of yttrium and graphene effectively improved the photocatalytic activity under visible and UV–vis light irradiation. With the amount of yttrium increasing, the photocatalytic activity of the Y-TiO₂/graphene complex first increased and reached the highest level of 40% and 63% for visible and ultraviolet-visible light, respectively, when the ratio of yttrium was increased to 1.0%. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity can be explained by the presence of yttrium ions increased the visible light absorption of titanium dioxide. Besides, the synergistic effect between yttrium ions and graphene effectively improved the separation rate of photoinduced electron-hole pairs.     

Remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity by nickel nanoparticle deposition on sulfur-doped titanium dioxide thin film

To enhance the photocatalytic performance of titanium dioxide, the structures of both bulk and surface were modified. Doping of sulfur atoms to be substituted for lattice oxygen atoms of titanium dioxide was carried out to extend the light absorption by atmosphere-controlled pulsed laser deposition, which allows direct preparation of impurity-included thin film such as sulfur-doped titanium dioxide. On the other hand, to enhance the surface catalytic reaction, nickel nanoparticles were deposited at the thin film substrate by chemical vapor reductive deposition method, which is a novel preparation technique of metallic nanoparticles on the substrate surface. Obtained sulfur-doped titanium dioxide was found to possess sensitivity to visible light with the wavelength up to 550 nm, indicating the photocatalytic activity in visible region. Sulfur doping induced the dye degradation activity under visible light irradiation. When nickel nanoparticles were deposited, a remarkable enhancement of the hydrogen evolution activity through ethanol decomposition of more than 20 times as much as unmodified titanium dioxide thin film was accomplished. In addition, the stability of sulfur atom doped into titanium dioxide structure was investigated.     

Synthesis and visible‐light‐derived photocatalysis of titania nanosphere stacking layers prepared by chemical vapor deposition

BACKGROUND: In this study, visible‐light‐derived photocatalytic activity of metal‐doped titanium dioxide nanosphere (TS) stacking layers, prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), was investigated. The as‐grown TS spheres, having an average diameter of 100–300 nm, formed a layer‐by‐layer stacking layer on a glass substrate. The crystalline structures of the TS samples were of anatase‐type. RESULTS: Ultraviolet (UV) absorption confirmed that metallic doping (i.e. Co and Ni) shifted the light absorption of the spheres to the visible‐light region. With increasing dopant density, the optical band gap of the nanospheres became narrower, e.g. the smallest band gap of Co‐doped TS was 2.61 eV. Both Ni‐ and Co‐doped TS catalysts showed a photocatalytic capability in decomposing organic dyes under visible irradiation. In comparison, Co‐doped TiO₂ catalyst not only displays the adsorption capacity, but also the photocatalytic activity higher than the N‐doped TiO₂ catalyst. CONCLUSION: This result can be attributed to the fact that the narrower band gap easily generates electron–hole pairs over the TS catalysts under visible irradiation, thus, leading to the higher photocatalytic activity. Accordingly, this study shed some light on the one‐step efficient CVD approach to synthesize metal‐doped TS catalysts for decomposing dye compounds in aqueous solution. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

稀土Y3+掺杂TiO2光催化降解染料废水的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土Y3+掺杂TiO2,对其进行了XRD分析,以刚果红溶液为目标降解物研究了稀土Y3+掺杂TiO2的光催化性能。结果表明:同等实验条件下Y3+掺杂TiO2比纯TiO2的降解效果好。当稀土Y3+的掺杂量n(Y3+)∶n(TiO2)=0.5%(摩尔比)、焙烧温度600℃、刚果红溶液初始浓度20 mg/L、pH=3、催化剂用量为1.5 g/L时,其光催化性能最佳。反应1 h的降解率可达98.55%。     

坡缕石/Al掺杂CdS复合材料光催化降解罗丹明B

采用溶剂热法制备了坡缕石/Al掺杂CdS复合材料(PGS/CdS-Al),运用XRD、XPS、SEM、UV-Vis DRS及PL对材料的结构、形貌以及光学性能进行了表征.结果表明,Al元素成功掺杂到CdS中,CdS的晶体结构没有改变,但其禁带宽带变宽.可见光照射下,该复合材料对孔雀石绿、亚甲基蓝、甲基橙、结晶紫、罗丹明B有机染料均有光催化降解活性,且对罗丹明B的光催化降解效果最好.光照40 min,质量浓度为0.67 g/L 15％PGS/CdS-Al(15％为PGS的负载量,以生成的CdS质量计)对30 mL质量浓度为20 mg/L罗丹明B的降解率为98.7％,反应主要活性基团是h+.该降解反应符合一级动力学,反应速率常数为0.067 min–1.     

非金属掺杂的第二代二氧化钛光催化剂研究进展

寻求廉价、环境友好并具有可见光光催化活性的第二代光催化剂将是光催化发展进一步走向实用化的关键。氮掺杂的TIO2是新发现的具有可见光光催化活性的复合光催化剂,非金属掺杂可以使复合物的复合禁带宽度小于TIO2的禁带宽度,从而使TIO2的吸收边向可见光移动。对TIO2的氮、碳、硫、卤素掺杂国内外研究现状进行了系统评述,分析了提高TIO2可见光活性的原因,指出非金属元素特别是氮元素的阴离子掺杂是在不降低紫外光催化活性的基础上实现可见光响应的较好方法。     

Fe3+掺杂TiO2光催化自洁玻璃的研制

采用溶胶—凝胶法和浸渍提拉法在普通钠钙玻璃表面负载了一层纯TiO2。膜或掺杂不同量的Fe3 件的TiO2膜，经灼烧后制备了具有自洁功能的新型玻璃。通过以邻苯二酚紫作为有机污染模拟物的光催化对比实验发现，掺杂适量的Fe3^ 件可以有效的提高光催化效率，过量掺杂则反而降低光催化活性，最佳掺杂量约为1．5%。掺杂1．5％的Fe3^ 件后，紫外一可见吸收光谱的吸收峰增强了大约1倍，而且吸收范围红移了大约30nm。同时对灼烧温度和灼烧时间进行了研究，确定了较优化的制备条件。