SBS改性沥青厂拌热再生混合料力学性能分析

针对SBS改性沥青厂拌热再生混合料,通过测量不同RAP用量及旧料加热温度下的抗压强度、劈裂强度,对再生混合料的力学性能变化规律进行了分析.试验结果表明：RAP含量在20%以内时,再生混合料性能与新料性能并无明显差别;随着RAP比例增加,再生混合料强度逐渐提高.当温度条件满足要求时,可以适当提高RAP用量.     

应变速率对注浆体力学特性影响规律

为研究微震荷载作用下注浆加固体力学特性,以裂隙倾角30°、宽度4 mm的红砂岩裂隙注浆体为研究对象,借助岩石三轴伺服压力机进行变应变速率(10^-5 ~5×10^-3 s^-1)单轴压缩试验;然后从能量耗散、裂纹扩展及破坏形态等3个方面,分析变应变速率对注浆体力学特性的影响规律及机理. 研究表明:随着应变速率的增加,注浆体的峰值强度、弹性模量均随之而增大;且峰值强度与应变速率呈指数函数关系变化;注浆体受应变速率影响的响应分为敏感应变速率阶段和滞缓应变速率阶段,主要差异在于峰值强度变化率和弹性模量变化率;随着应变速率的增大,注浆体的总能量在增大;压密阶段是影响不同应变速率下注浆体力学特性的主要阶段;敏感应变速率阶段和滞缓应变率阶段中的压密阶段主要区别在于积散比大小,积散比进一步决定产生裂纹的多少和分布区域与规律;耗散能密度对注浆体破坏脱落面积以及粒径分布影响较大,耗散能密度越大,碎块越以大块为主(粒径大的比率逐渐增加),滞缓应变率阶段耗散能密度较敏感应变率阶段大,其破碎块体较敏感应变率阶段大. 研究在裂隙注浆加固体的变应变速率影响下力学特性,从能理原理、分形理论角度得到了其影响机理.     

复配型环氧树脂地层灌浆材料的研制

针对内蒙古某煤矿巷道岩石遇水粉化的实际问题，研制了一种新型的复配型环氧树脂作为地层灌浆材料，考察了固化剂、稀释剂、填料等对抗压强度的影响且进行了优化配比。结果表明，研制的灌浆材料抗压强度大于2MPa，固化时间在2h以内，固化后遇水强度有所增加，能较好地解决该矿岩石遇水粉化的突出问题。当酚醛胺与低分子聚酰胺比例为2：1时，固化效果较好；选用糠醛丙酮作稀释剂，当其用量大约为环氧树脂的l0％时，对凝固时间影响不大且可降低浆液的粘度，提高浆液的可灌性；当细砂、水泥、乳化环氧树脂的比例为1．5：1：1时抗压强度最大。     

温度效应对钙质砂体积应变和固结特性的影响

为了探究温度变化引起钙质砂体积应变的作用机制,在不同温度和围压下对南海钙质砂进行温控三轴试验,并与石英砂试验进行对比. 研究表明：升温引起相对密实度为70%的钙质砂和石英砂产生压缩体积应变;升温引起的钙质砂热体积应变远大于石英砂,且钙质砂热体积应变对围压的敏感性远强于石英砂;在围压较大时,升温引起的钙质砂热体积应变明显增加且体积应变发展模式显著改变. 利用温控固结仪研究不同温度下钙质砂和石英砂的固结特性. 研究表明：随温度升高,2种砂在e-lg p面内的压缩曲线先向上移再下移,直线段的斜率先减小后增大,但达到固结稳定的时间均提前;不同于石英砂,在45~75°C下,升温导致钙质砂的固结压缩量显著增加,远超常温水平,这是因为由筛分试验发现,随温度增加,钙质砂颗粒破碎程度增大,导致其在高温固结时的压缩量增大.     

不同注浆工况对砂土-混凝土接触面剪切特性影响

为研究后注浆对土与结构物接触面力学特性的影响,采用自主研发的注浆装置和可注浆的大型直剪仪,通过3种注浆压力、3种注浆量和4种荷载工况下的共计22组后注浆砂土-混凝土接触面大型直剪试验,分析不同注浆工况和荷载工况对砂土-混凝土接触面剪切力学特性、剪胀(缩)性以及强度参数等的影响.结果表明:在注浆压力和法向应力一定的情况下...     

Effect of activator and curing mode on fly ash-based geopolymers

The influences of concentration and modulus of sodium silicate solution and curing mode on the phase composition, microstructure and strength development in the geopolymers prepared using Class F fly ash were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and MAS NMR were utilized. Results show that the compressive strength increases as sodium silicate solution modulus increases, but when modulus exceeds 1.4, the compressive strength decreases, and it decreases markedly while the modulus is greater than 2.0. The compressive strength was improved by the increase of sodium silicate solution concentration. When the concentration is 32%, the compressive strength reaches the maximum, then it reduces as concentration increasing. Elevated temperature can increase the strength of samples that synthesized from sodium silicate solution with 32% concentration and modulus 1.2. Compared to the strength of the sample cured at 50 °C, the strength of the samples cured at 65 °C and 80 °C are higher at 1 d and 3 d, but the same at 7 d. At high temperature, prolonged curing time will decrease the strength. Long precuring at room temperature before application of heat is beneficial for strength development, and there is about 50% increase in strength of the samples cured at 1 d precuring and 2 d elevated temperature as compared to the strengths of the samples cured for 3 d at elevated temperatures or cured for 28 d at room temperature. The main product of reaction in the geopolymeric material is amorphous alkali aluminosilicate gel.     

再生砖骨料混凝土架构模型试验研究

通过试验研究水灰质量比、粒径级配、再生砖骨料和砂体积分数对混凝土抗压强度的影响以及灰砂质量比对水泥石抗压强度的影响,分析骨浆体积比、灰砂质量比、再生砖骨料和砂体积分数对混凝土架构贡献强度的影响. 结果表明,再生砖骨料混凝土的抗压强度随着水灰质量比的减小而增大,当骨料粒径为19~26.5 mm时抗压强度达到最大值;当再生砖骨料体积分数为30%~43.2%时,混凝土抗压强度和再生砖骨料构架贡献强度都随着再生砖骨料体积分数的增大而增大,且都随着砂体积分数的增大而增大;当灰砂质量比为0.33~1.33时,水泥砂浆试件的抗压强度随着灰砂质量比的增大而增大;当再生砖骨料体积分数为40%和43.2%时,灰砂质量比与再生砖骨料架构贡献强度以及骨浆体积比与再生砖骨料架构贡献强度均高度线性相关;再生砖骨料架构贡献强度高于混凝土强度,主要集中在再生砖骨料体积分数为40%~43.2%,特别是再生砖骨料体积分数为43.2%、砂体积分数为18%~26%.     

公路隧道衬砌高性能混凝土的高温烧损试验研究

利用自行设计高温压力加载试验装置,研究了高温后受损衬砌高性能混凝土(HPC)残余抗压强度在不同条件下随温度劣化的规律和定量关系,建立了火灾后隧道衬砌HPC残余抗压强度与火场温度之间的数学关系式.研究表明:高等级的HPC强度很高,但其抗火性能很差;在高温过程中及自然冷却条件下,HPC残余抗压强度总体上呈降低趋势,在300℃时,C50HPC残余抗压强度有小幅增加;射水冷却条件下,HPC残余抗压强度随着温度升高一直呈衰减状态;相同加热温度等级条件下,高温过程中HPC的残余抗压强度略高于自然冷却后HPC的残余抗压强度,自然冷却后HPC的残余抗压强度高于射水冷却后HPC的残余抗压强度.     

赤泥-高炉矿渣-钢渣三元体系注浆材料试验研究

为解决地下工程灾害治理中大量消耗水泥造成的环境污染、造价高等问题,本文基于协同理论制备了赤泥-高炉矿渣-钢渣基三元体系全固废类注浆材料,系统研究了钢渣对赤泥-高炉矿渣二元体系工作性能、力学强度的作用规律,并结合X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、压汞仪等微观测试手段分析其作用机理。试验结果表明：钢渣对赤泥-高炉矿渣二元体系力学强度具有提升作用,当其掺量为10%时,28 d抗压强度可达12.78 MPa,增幅为59.84%。钢渣经机械粉磨和高温活化后,其协同作用可进一步提高,随着钢渣粒度的减小,浆液结石体力学强度逐渐增强;随着活化温度提升,结石体力学强度呈先增加后减小的趋势。钢渣在10%最优掺量下,活化温度为700 _^oC,粒径为200目时,赤泥-高炉矿渣-钢渣基注浆材料结石体的力学强度最优,28 d强度达到15.1MPa。此外,钢渣的掺入还可以促进赤泥-高炉矿渣基浆液的凝结,凝结时间缩短,浆液的流动性降低。微观分析表明：钢渣可参与赤泥-高炉矿渣体系的水化反应,而且钢渣微粒在浆液结石体中具有充填效应,使结石体更加密实,进而提高结石体力学强度;此外,在高温条件下,钢渣中生成钙芒硝,硅酸二钙,硅酸三钙,铝酸钙胶凝矿物,可促进钙矾石和水合铝酸钙的生成,对强度具有提升作用。     

Effects of high temperature on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of hard coal

Coal is a common porous sedimentary rock whose microstructure and mechanical behavior are often affected by high temperature. In order to deeply investigate the effect of high temperature on the structure and mechanical properties of coal, six groups of coal samples with different heating temperatures were prepared. Various testing methods, including ultrasonic test, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and uniaxial compression test, were used in this study. The results showed that the physical and chemical change processes of coal samples under high temperature can be divided into two stages: the stage of drying and degassing and the stage of pyrolysis of the coal matrix. With the increase of heating temperature, the total porosity of coal samples increases, while the integrity and the deformation resistance of coal samples decrease. In addition, the elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength of the coal sample decrease with the increase of heating temperature. The Poisson's ratio decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of heating temperature.     

养护温度对高延性水泥基材料力学性能的影响

研究养护温度对高延性水泥基复合材料性能的影响,分析养护温度在20、40、60和80℃时水泥基复合材料的抗弯性能、抗压强度、抗折强度及裂缝分布特点.结果表明,养护温度越高,高延性水泥基复合材料的早期跨中挠度越小;养护温度高于40℃时,试件的跨中挠度和韧性指数随龄期延长无明显变化;高养护温度能显著提高高延性水泥基复合材料的早期抗压强度和抗折强度,龄期对高温养护条件下高延性水泥基复合材料的抗压、抗折强度影响不大;粉煤灰掺量相同时,常温养护下高延性水泥基复合材料的裂缝更加细密均匀;养护温度为60℃时,粉煤灰掺量提高至80%,高延性水泥基复合材料的韧性显著提高,28d抗压强度可达70MPa.     

无铬盐木素类注浆材料的试验研究

目的为探索矿建工程、水利工程、地下工程等所需环保型无毒性化学注浆材料．方法通过室内压缩试验、渗透试验等及现场试验研究，分析了无毒性木素类注浆材料的反应机理，对硫木素、糠尿木素、酚醛木素注浆材料进行试验研究．结果试验得到了影响无毒性木素类浆液固结体（固砂体）的抗压强度、胶凝时间的因素；影响硫木素凝胶时间和胶结强度的主要因素依次为过硫酸铵、温度、氯化铜、氨水；室内试验得到了尿素掺量对糠尿木素浆液固结体抗压强度的影响；对硫木素、糠尿木素、酚醛木素等注浆材料的初凝时间、黏度、抗压强度等基本性能进行了对比；给出了硫木素、糠尿木素、酚醛木素等几种浆液的无毒配方、抗压强度、胶凝时间、渗透系数等参数．结论木素类浆材无毒性，减少了环境污染．木素类浆材价格低廉，有取代价格昂贵的其他高分子浆材的趋势．     

Strength of copolymer grouting material based on orthogonal experiment

Using the orthogonal experimental design method involving three factors and three levels, the flexural strength and the compressive strength of copolymer grouting material were studied with different compositions of water-cement ratio (mass fraction of water to cement), epoxy resin content, and waterborne epoxy curing agent content. By orthogonal range and variance analysis, the orders of three factors to influence the strength, the significance levels of different factors, and the optimized compound ratio scheme of copolymer grouting material mixture at different curing ages were determined. An empirical relationship among the strength of copolymer grouting material, the water-cement ratio, the epoxy resin content, and the waterborne epoxy curing agent content was established by multivariate regression analysis. The results indicate that water-cement ratio is the most principal and significant influencing factor on the strength. Epoxy resin content and waterborne epoxy curing agent content also have a significant influence on the strength. But epoxy resin content has a greater influence on the 7-day and 28-day flexural strength, and waterborne epoxy curing agent content has a greater influence on the 3-day flexural strength and the compressive strength. The copolymer grouting material with water-cement ratio of 0.4, epoxy resin content of 8% (mass fraction) and waterborne epoxy curing agent content of 2% (mass fraction) is the best one for repairing of cement concrete pavement. The flexural strength and the compressive strength have good correlation, and the ratio of compressive strength to flexural strength is between 1.0 and 3.3. Foundation item: Projects(40728003, 40772180, 40802064) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (07JJ4012) supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(20080430680) supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation; Project(B308) supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project     

相变微胶囊对砂浆物理力学性能的影响

相变储能砂浆有利于房屋建筑室内环境的温度稳定,对建筑节能具有重要意义。对相变微胶囊掺量变化与砂浆的流动度、表观密度、抗折强度和抗压强度变化的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着相变微胶囊掺量的增加,砂浆的流动度减小,表观密度、抗折强度和抗压强度均呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势。相变微胶囊取代石英砂的最佳质量分数为10%,此时,砂浆的抗压强度较不掺相变微胶囊的砂浆增加了37.1%。     

LC40硼泥陶粒混凝土正交试验研究

目的研究每立方米混凝土中胶凝材料总质量、粉煤灰占胶凝材料的质量比、砂占混凝土质量的百分比对硼泥陶粒混凝土抗压强度和干表观密度的影响,并确定LC40硼泥陶粒混凝土的最佳配合比．方法采用L9（3^4）正交,每立方米混凝土中胶凝材料总质量分别取440kg、480kg、520kg;粉煤灰占胶凝材料的质量比取0％、5％、10％;砂占混凝土质量的百分比取35％、40％、45％．用干拌法,制作150mm×150mm×150mm标准立方体试块,标准养护7d、28d后进行抗压强度试验,再根据试验结果进行最佳配合比的验证试验．结果随着胶凝材料的增加,硼泥陶粒混凝土的抗压强度增大,干密度增大;随着粉煤灰占胶凝材料的质量比的增加,硼泥陶粒混凝土的抗压强度减小,干密度稍有减小,混凝土的流动性变好;砂占混凝土质量的百分比对硼泥陶粒混凝土的抗压强度影响不大,但砂占混凝土质量的百分比增加,干表观密度增大．结论配制LC40硼泥陶粒混凝土的理想配合比为：每立方米混凝土中胶凝材料总质量控制在480～520kg,粉煤灰占胶凝材料的质量比为0～5％,砂占混凝土质量的百分比为40％比较合适．     

Effect of heterogeneity on mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of rock specimen

The influence of heterogeneity on mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of rock specimen under uniaxial compress was studied with numerical simulation methods. Weibull distribution function was adopted to describe the mesoscopic heterogeneity of rocks. The failure process of heterogeneous rock specimen under uniaxial loading was simulated using FLAC^3D software. Five schemes were adopted to investigate the influence of heterogeneity. The results demonstrate that as the homogeneity increases, the peak strength and brittleness of rocks increase, and the macro elastic modulus improves as well. Heterogeneity has great influence on macro elastic modulus and strength when the homogeneity coefficient is less than 20.0. The volume expansion is not so obvious when the homogeneity increases. As the homogeneity coefficient increases the acoustic emissions modes change from swarm shock to main shock. When the homogeneity coefficient is high, the cumulative acoustic emission events-axial strain curve is gentle before the rock failure. The numerical results agree with the previously numerical results and earlier experimental measurements.     

Square concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastics sheets at low temperatures

Twenty-one square concrete columns were constructed and tested. The testing results indicate that bonded carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) sheets can be used to increase the strength and improve the serviceability of damaged concrete columns at low temperatures. The failure of the specimens, in most cases, takes place within the middle half of the columns. And the failure of strengthened columns is sudden and explosive. The CFRP sheets increase both the axial load capacity and the ultimate concrete compressive strain of the columns. The ultimate loads of strengthened columns at −10, 0 and 10 °C increase averagely by 9.09%, 6.63% and 17.83%, respectively, as compared with those of the control specimens. The axial compressive strength of strengthened columns is related to the curing temperatures. The improvement of axial compressive strength decreases with reducing temperature, and when the temperature drops to a certain value, the improvement increases with falling temperature.     

高温水冷后循环加卸载条件下花岗岩的渗透性

针对水下隧道火灾喷水灭火降温过程中围岩的渗透性问题,对高温水冷后循环加卸载条件下花岗岩的渗透性开展了试验研究.以高温(25、400和900 ℃)水冷后的花岗岩试样为研究对象,通过轴向压应力循环加卸载过程中气体渗透性试验,研究花岗岩渗透率变化规律.结果表明:轴向压应力循环加卸载试验过程中,花岗岩试样的卸载模量随着高温水冷处理温度升高而减小,随着轴向压应力增大,卸载模量总体呈上升趋势,气体渗透率随温度升高而增大;花岗岩BET比表面积与BJH孔体积在900 ℃高温水冷后明显减小.     

添加氧化钙的硅酸锆陶瓷的性能

以硅酸锆和硝酸钙为原料,采用湿磨的方法实现原料的均匀混合,制备了系列的添加氧化钙的硅酸锆陶瓷,利用阿基米德法和X-射线衍射技术对硅酸锆陶瓷的密度、物相变化进行了表征,测试了其显微结构和抗折强度,重点讨论氧化钙添加量和烧成温度对硅酸锆陶瓷的影响.结果表明,1 450℃和1 500℃烧结试样的体积密度随氧化钙添加量改变有较小变化,1 550℃烧结试样密度则随着氧化钙添加量增大而减小,密度最大值可达4.19克/立方厘米;样品的物相由硅酸锆和单斜氧化锆及少量稳定氧化锆组成,主晶相为硅酸锆;硅酸锆陶瓷有较多的气孔,是其致密度小的主要原因,硅酸锆陶瓷的主要断裂方式是沿晶断裂;硅酸锆陶瓷的抗折强度随着烧成温度的升高明显降低,随氧化钙添加量增大而先减小再增大,抗折强度最高可达186.0兆帕.     

再生粗骨料取代率对碎卵石混凝土抗压性能影响研究

设计制作了再生粗骨料取代率r=0％、30％、50％、70％、100％的碎卵石混凝土立方体及棱柱体试件,在不同龄期下对其进行抗压试验.研究了五种再生粗骨料取代率下,不同龄期的混凝土立方体抗压强度以及棱柱体抗压强度的变化趋势.结果表明:在龄期为3 d和7 d情况下,r=30％时混凝土的抗压强度较r=0％时无显著变化;当r>...