共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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热重分析技术及其在高分子材料领域的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
简要介绍热重分析技术发展史、热重分析技术基本原理,以及热重分析在高分子材料领域的应用。热分析是研究物质的物理化学性质随温度变化的一类技术,随着计算机在线分析和反馈控制技术的发展及多种手段联用技术的发展,热分析技术也得到了显著的发展。热分析是高分子的常规表征手段,可用于表征结构相变,分析残余单体和溶剂含量,添加剂的检测,热降解的研究;同时被用于产品质量的检测,生产过程的优化及考察外因对高分子性质的影响等。 相似文献
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利用扫描电镜对聚乙烯(PE)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)等高分子材料填料的分散性及表面与断裂界面进行了研究。结果表明,扫描电镜能够详细观察研究高分子材料的表面结构、微观相分离等,便于表征高分子材料微观结构形态,是分析高分子材料微观结构形态的有效手段。 相似文献
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<正>利用硅烷偶联剂表面修饰纤维素(Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,111:849-855.)近来,利用天然高分子代替合成高分子材料正受到越来越多的重视。然而,天然高分子如纤维素存在着一些性能上的缺陷,如果想成为合成高分子的替代品,纤维素必须具有与合成高分子可比的物理-化学性能。在本项研究中,利用一系列丝光化和硅烷功能化修饰技术并优化反应条件对纤维素进行了修饰,用FTIR、TGA和SEM技术等对其结构、热性能、微观形态等进行了表征。 相似文献
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<正> 高分子材料在最近一些年来发展很快,用途也日益广泛。高分子物质所不同于一般小分子物质,除了它具有分子量大及分子量分布特征外,还具有一些独特的微观结构特征。特别是微观结构特征与它的物理性质和机械性能有密切的关系。因此,测定和描述高分子的微观结构是高分子材料研究中进行分子设计,合成出满足人们日新月异要求的材料的关键性问题。高分子的微观结构有许多层次,除了结构单元(或重复单元)的化学结构外,尚有高分子链的线形,支化和交联等三种类型及其重复单元的构型差异而带来的序列分布即 相似文献
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高聚物结构不固定、分子链相互缠绕、分子量大且具有多分散性,传统化学分析方法难以精准结构鉴定。本文结合高分子研究领域新动态,综述了FTIR、RS、UVS、MLA、NMR、XRF、XRD、SAXS、XAFS、XPS、MS、PGC、CE、TEM、SEM、STM等现代仪器分析技术在高分子材料结构表征中的实际应用,阐述了这些方法的分析原理、实验手段、应用范围和特点。其目的是通过对其组成结构精准表征,获知结构与性能关系,有利于探索高分子材料在聚合、修饰、复配、成型加工等各环节微观结构变化及相关机理,有利于开发新功能高分子材料。 相似文献
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论述了目前尼龙系各种高分子合金技术的研究与发展现状,重点介绍了尼龙与种高分子共混制备的高分子合金及其结构、性能和应用、展望了尼龙高分子合金材料的发展前景。 相似文献
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Monomers (meth)acryloyloxy-2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide have been synthesized by treating 2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide (niclosamide) with acryloyl or methacryloyl chloride, and polymerized by free radical polymerization to give a polymer containing chemically bonded niclosamide. The structure of monomer and polymer were confirmed by IR, UV, and elemental analysis. Hydrolysis data of polymer in different media indicated that the hydrolysis rates of polymer were strongly dependent on the nature of the polymer structure and the hydrolyzing medium. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 29–33, 1997 相似文献
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通过对环氧改性水泥净浆的水化程度和砂浆的孔结构研究,借助于扫描电镜分析,探讨了聚合物对水泥砂浆的改性机理。聚合物的存在一方面延缓了水泥的水化速度,另一方面改善了硬化浆体的毛细孔结构,一部分聚合物在硬化浆体中形成不连续的薄膜。所以聚合物的改性作用是上述两方面的综合作用。 相似文献
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对国内外近几年来聚合物基复合材料结构可靠性的研究状况,本文研究了聚合物基复合材料可靠性的理论研究成果和复合材料可靠性优化设计及失效分析等内容.着重介绍了随机有限元法(SFEM),结合研究的成果分析了实际工程中存在的问题,如聚合物基复合材料层合板的优化设计、结构的失效分析等,并对该方向的研究提出了新的建议. 相似文献
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Composite polymer electrolyte consisting of polymer (polyethylene oxide, PEO) and nanosized ceramic filler with different concentrations of salt have been synthesized and characterized. X‐ray diffraction analysis shows that polymer salt complex has been intercalated into the naometric silicate layers. IR spectra reveal that the polymer structure in the ceramic interlayer is similar to that of polymer salt complexes and there is a strong interaction between PEO:SiO2 and polymer‐salt complexes. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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Fan W. Zeng Dajie Zhang James B. Spicer 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2018,28(5):1850-1858
Palladium nanoparticles were synthesized in a semi-crystalline poly[tetrafluoroethylene-co-(perfluoropropyl vinyl ether)] matrix using a chemical infusion technique where a chemical precursor is vaporized and diffused into the polymer matrix. Once in the matrix, the precursor is made to decompose resulting in nanoparticle formation. The effect of polymer structure on precursor diffusion was investigated by comparing the diffusion behavior of the precursor molecules in the as-received polymer as well as in a heat-treated polymer matrix. Results from the diffusivity measurements were interpreted using a free volume model to gain a physical and conceptual understanding of precursor diffusion in fluoropolymers. In addition, transmission electron microscopy analysis was performed on the polymer matrix nanocomposites, and significant differences in particle size and spatial distributions were found between nanocomposites synthesized using as-received and heat-treated polymer matrices. Both precursor diffusivity and particle formation changed as a result of modifications to the polymer matrix suggesting that the particle size and spatial distribution are determined by the structure and morphology of the polymer matrix and are likely linked to the free volume of the polymer. 相似文献
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Acrylamide hydrogels were synthesized in a series of hydro-organic solvents to examine how solvent affects the network structure by influencing properties of the first formed polymer in the reaction mixture. The looser and more heterogeneous network structure of gels formed in aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol was found to be largely due to the reduced chain lengths of the primary polymer molecules. Results from NMR analysis of the monomer, and intrinsic viscosity measurements of the polymer in various solvents indicate that solvent effects on the reactivity of the monomer and the propagating radical impose an overriding control over properties of the resultant networks. 相似文献