蕹菜幼苗对NH3-N和P的吸收动力学研究

[目的]探讨蕹菜(Lpomoea aquatica)幼苗对NH3-N和P的吸收动力学特性,为富营养化水体的生态修复提供参考.[方法]采用改进的常规耗竭法,用Michaelis-Menten方程来描述蕹菜对NH3-N吸收速率与溶液浓度的相互关系,用一元二次多项式表示营养液中P的浓度与时间的关系.[结果]蕹菜对NH3-N的最大吸收常数Vmax为2.162 μmol/(gFW·h),亲和力常数Km为0.403 mmol/L,NH3-N浓度为0～0.25 mmol/L,吸收速率随着浓度的升高而增加,超过该浓度范围,吸收速率不再增加,逐渐趋于饱和.对P的最大吸收速率为6.442 μg/(gFW·h),亲和力常数为0.65 mg/L,P的浓度随着吸收时间的延长而减少,导致P浓度的降低,从而使吸收速率也相应的降低.[结论]蕹菜对NH3-N和P的吸收效果良好.     

三氧化二砷对T315I突变细胞株KBM5R细胞周期的影响

目的:探讨三氧化二砷(ATO)对T315I突变的伊马替尼(IM)耐药慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)细胞株KBM5R细胞周期的影响,为对抗CML患者的IM耐药性提供理论依据.方法:选择野生型KBM5细胞作为T315I点突变KBM5R细胞的阴性对照组,根据是否经过ATO处理将实验分为KBM5R细胞空白对照组、KBM5R细胞ATO处理组、KBM5细胞空白对照组和KBM5细胞ATO处理组.应用MTT法检测IM和ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞的增殖活性;流式细胞术检测ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期的变化;Western blotting法检测ATO作用后KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期调节相关蛋白P21和P27表达的变化.结果:IM作用后耐药组KBM5R细胞IC50与野生型KBM5细胞比较明显增高(P<0.01);不同浓度(0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol·L-1)ATO于不同时间点(24、48、72和96 h)作用于KBM5和KBM5R细胞,与空白对照组比较,ATO处理组细胞均表现为显著的增殖抑制,且随药物浓度增加或作用时间延长细胞的增殖抑制率显著增加(P<0.05);在相同的药物浓度和时间点,ATO对KBM5R细胞的增殖抑制作用强于野生型KBM5细胞(P<0.05);2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol· L-1 ATO作用细胞48 h后,KBM5和KBM5R细胞周期中G2/M期细胞所占比例均随药物剂量的增加而增加,且相同药物浓度时KBM5R细胞周期中G2/M期细胞所占比例与KBM5细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ATO作用KBM5和KBM5R细胞48 h后,2.0、4.0和8.0 μmol·L-1 ATO处理组与空白对照组比较细胞内P21和P27蛋白表达均增加,且随药物剂量增加而增加.结论:ATO通过上调P21和P27蛋白水平使KBM5R细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,细胞周期阻滞是ATO抑制T315I点突变细胞株KBM5R增殖的原因之一.     

18β-甘草次酸对豚鼠微动脉平滑肌细胞间缝隙连接的抑制作用

目的:探讨18-β-甘草次酸(18βGA)对微动脉平滑肌细胞间缝隙连接的影响,为寻求强效和可逆的缝隙连接阻断剂提供实验依据.方法:胶原酶A处理的豚鼠肠系膜动脉(MA)和小脑前下动脉(AICA) (直径<100μm) 进一步去除结缔组织后,应用全细胞膜片钳技术观察应用18βGA后微动脉段上平滑肌细胞膜电容(Cinput)、膜电导(Ginput)和膜电阻(Rinput)的变化.结果:MA和AICA微动脉段上平滑肌细胞Cinput及Ginput为消化的单个平滑肌细胞的10～20倍.18βGA可以浓度依赖和可逆地降低微动脉段上平滑肌细胞的Ginput和增加 Rinput.18βGA抑制MA和AICA微动脉平滑肌细胞Ginput的IC50值分别为3.5和2.3 μmol·L-1,2种微动脉间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).当18βGA浓度≥30 μmol·L-1时,MA和AICA微动脉段上平滑肌细胞的Cinput、Ginput或Rinput与相应消化的单个平滑肌细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:18βGA能强效、可逆性地阻断微动脉平滑肌细胞间缝隙连接,当18βGA的浓度 ≥30 μmol·L-1时作用最显著,对MA和AICA微动脉细胞间缝隙连接的抑制效果相似,提示MA和AICA微动脉细胞间缝隙连接具有同源性.     

离子液体中置换法制备镁/铜双金属粉的动力学研究

研究了氯代1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑(BMIC)离子液体中镁置换铜制备镁/铜双金属粉的动力学行为,探讨了搅拌速率、反应温度、铜离子浓度和镁粉颗粒大小等参数对反应速率常数的影响。动力学数据结果表明,在离子液体中镁置换铜的反应符合一级反应速率方程。反应速率常数随着搅拌速率增加、反应温度升高、铜离子浓度降低和镁粉粒径减小而增大。搅拌可使反应速率常数增大1倍左右;Cu(II)离子浓度较小时,反应速率常数随Cu(II)离子浓度的增加而迅速减小,当Cu(II)离子浓度增大到0.25 mol·L-1时,速率常数的减小趋势逐渐变缓;镁粉粒径范围从50~74μm增加到74~100μm,置换反应的速率常数从0.334 h-1减小到0.255 h-1;反应速率常数与反应温度的关系符合阿伦尼乌斯方程,求得置换反应表观活化能为13.6 k J·mol-1,说明置换过程受扩散控制。此外,Evans图研究也表明,置换反应受Cu(II)离子向电极表面扩散过程控制。这一结果与动力学数据的实验结果完全一致。     

银杏叶提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用及其降血糖作用机制

目的:通过体外药效学实验研究银杏叶提取物(GBE)对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,探讨其降血糖的作用机制,为开发利用银杏叶资源提供实验依据.方法:提取大鼠小肠中的α-葡萄糖苷酶液,利用葡萄糖试剂盒测定酶活力;体外抑制实验分为正常对照组、阳性对照组及GBE高、中、低剂量组(10.0、5.0、2.5 g·L-1),对反应体系中的葡萄糖浓度进行测定,计算药物对蔗糖酶的抑制率;离体器官实验分为正常对照组、阴性对照组、阳性对照组和GBE高、中、低剂量组(10.0、5.0、2.5 g·L-1),对反应体系中的淀粉光密度值进行测定,计算药物对淀粉酶的抑制率;半数抑制率(IC50)实验将GBE分为7个剂量组,分别计算药物对α-糖苷酶的抑制率及IC50;抑制曲线实验分为正常对照组、阳性对照组及GBE组,计算反应速率,以底物浓度的倒数作为横坐标,以反应速率的倒数作为纵坐标,绘制抑制曲线.结果:大鼠小肠酶活力值为67.2活力单位.与正常对照组比较,GBE高、中、低剂量组蔗糖酶抑制率明显增加(P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.01);与正常对照组比较,GBE高剂量组大鼠小肠中淀粉酶抑制率明显增加(P<0.01);GBE对蔗糖酶的IC50值为0.758 6 g·L-1,对淀粉酶的IC50值为0.910 1 g·L-1;GBE组趋势线与正常对照组斜率相近,且截距大于正常对照组趋势线.结论:GBE对α-糖苷酶具有良好的抑制作用,其作用机制为反竞争性抑制.     

Taurolidine联合X射线对小鼠恶性黑色素瘤细胞周期进程的影响

目的:观察taurolidine联合X射线照射对小鼠恶性黑色素瘤(B16-4A5和B16-F10)细胞周期进程的影响,探讨其诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的发生机制.方法:选择B16-4A5和B16-F10细胞系按给药浓度随机分为4组,taurolidine剂量分别为0、25、50和100 μmol·L-1,同时进行1、2和4 Gy X射线照射,采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率和细胞周期,Western blotting分析cyclin B、cdc2和caspase-3的表达.结果:与25 μmol·L-1 taurolidine组比较,50和100 μmol·L-1 taurolidine组诱导B16-4A5和B16-F10细胞发生G0/G1期阻滞,细胞数分别升高54.9%、73.7%和36.8%、55.5%(P＜0.05); 50 μmol·L-1 taurolidine联合2和4 Gy X射线照射组,细胞G2/M期阻滞消除,细胞数分别降低52.1%、44.2%和59.3%、52.7%(P＜0.05).与对照组、单纯taurolidine组及单纯照射组比较,联合4 Gy X射线照射组cyclin B和cdc2的表达降低,caspase-3的表达升高(P＜0.05).结论:taurolidine联合X射线照射可去除G2/M期阻滞,可选择地抑制肿瘤细胞cyclin B和cdc2的表达、增强caspase-3的表达,共同诱导细胞凋亡.     

硫化氢对淀粉样前体蛋白代谢途径的影响

目的:观察硫化氢(H2S)对PC12细胞淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)代谢途径的影响,探讨可能的细胞信号机制.方法:用不同浓度硫氢化钠(NaHS,50、100和200 μmol·L-1)作用PC12细胞1和18 h,Western blotting法检测APP、C99、C83、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶(PI3-K/Akt)及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(MAPK/ERK1/2)信号通路相关蛋白的水平;ELISA检测细胞培养液中Aβ42的水平.50 μmol·L-1 NaHS作用于PC12细胞前30 min加入PI3-K抑制剂LY294002(25和50 μmol·L-1)或 MAPK激酶(MEK)抑制剂PD98059(25和50 μmol·L-1),重复上述检测.各种检测实验均设正常对照组.结果:与正常对照组比较,50 μmol·L-1 NaHS组C99及Aβ42 水平降低(P<0.05),C83的表达提高(P<0.05),Akt及ERK1/2的磷酸化增加(P<0.05),而LY294002可抑制NaHS的上述作用,但PD98059不具有与LY294002类似的作用.结论:H2S能使APP的代谢向非淀粉样途径转变,其机制可能涉及PI3-K/Akt信号通路.     

La~(3+)对盐胁迫下钝顶节旋藻色素含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响

以内蒙古高原碱湖土著钝顶节旋藻为实验材料,用0.3 mol/L的Na Cl进行盐胁迫处理,研究了盐胁迫处理条件下不同浓度La3+对节旋藻生长速率,叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素含量以及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:La3+处理浓度为24.75μmol/L~40.98μmol/L处理4 d后,CAT、POD活性明显增强(P0.05);处理10 d,La3+处理浓度为8.31μmol/L~40.98μmol/L可促进节旋藻叶绿素a的合成,24.75μmol/L~57.01μmol/L处理组类胡萝卜素含量最高;不同La3+浓度处理组藻细胞的生长速率差异不显著(P0.05)。     

十二指肠腔内注射五肽胃泌素对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响

目的:研究十二指肠腔内注射五肽胃泌素(G-5)对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响.方法:将SD大白鼠随机分为对照组和实验组,每组10只.实验组在十二指肠腔内注射G-5(250μg/kg);对照组在十二指肠腔内注射等量生理盐水.收集胃连续灌流液,用0.01mol/L的NaOH滴定测定胃酸分泌量,比较两组大鼠胃酸分泌量的变化.结果:给药后40 min内,两组大鼠胃酸分泌量无显著性差异.结论:十二指肠腔内注射G-5对大鼠胃酸分泌无显著影响.     

注射用磷酸肌酸钠对体外培养人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3侵袭能力的影响及其机制

目的:观察注射用磷酸肌酸钠(CP)对人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3体外侵袭能力的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:体外培养人卵巢癌细胞SKOV3,随机分为空白对照组(生理盐水)及药物处理组(1、6和12 mmol·L-1CP );分别用生理盐水、CP处理细胞72 h后,采用MTT比色法和Transwell小室法观察细胞黏附和迁移侵袭能力;采用RT-PCR和FCM测定nm23-h1、c-myc mRNA及蛋白表达和MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达水平.结果:与空白对照组比较,1 mmol·L-1 CP组各项指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6和12 mmol·L-1 CP组细胞黏附、迁移侵袭抑制率明显增加(P<0.01),nm23-h1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),c-myc mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01);但6与12 mmol·L-1CP组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与空白对照组比较,1、6和12 mmol·L-1CP组MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:一定浓度注射用CP可抑制体外培养SKOV3细胞的黏附和迁移侵袭能力,其机制可能与上调nm23-h1、下调c-myc基因表达有关.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)