林则徐与漕河泾地区的水利

漕河泾位于上海县城西南十八里,是明代中叶兴起的一个市镇,"以布米渐聚成市".进入清代,沿今漕河泾自东至西分布有东镇、中镇和两镇三部分,中镇最热闹,"巨商集于此".漕河泾与蒲汇塘在镇中垂直相接,东通龙华港,并可进入黄浦江.     

农村水利设施管理和维护的困境与对策研究

农村水利设施管理和维护中存在的主要问题是"主体缺位,无人管理",水利设施的公共物品属性、投资主体的单一性和缺乏有效的监督和管理机制是其主要原因.根据农村水利设施使用范围小和农村"熟人社区"的特征,构建了一个利益相关者长期利益均衡的水利设施管理和维护的机制,短期看来,将水利设施的运营状况纳入基层政府的考核指标是最有效的措施.     

Deficiencies in the detection of cognitive deficits.

Numerous studies purport to show that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery is associated with persistent postoperative cognitive decline. In J. R. Keith et al. (2002), the authors argued that reports of post-CPB cognitive declines have often been quantified using data analysis methods that were based on tenuous assumptions and overlooked problems associated with familywise Type I errors. Four peers who are recognized for their expertise in neuropsychological outcomes research evaluated the arguments developed in the J. R. Keith et al. article, critiqued the study presented in that article, and offered suggestions for how to investigate whether cognitive decline occurs reliably after CPB. In this reply article, the authors respond to the open-peer commentaries made regarding the J. R. Keith et al. study. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

短波红外技术在蚀变矿物识别应用中的不足

近年来,短波红外光谱测量技术在对蚀变矿物的识别上的应用逐步发展并日益成熟,其对地质填图、圈定找矿靶区以及确定钻孔位置等方面都很有帮助。但是,短波红外光谱测量技术在蚀变矿物的识别上的应用也是存在一定的不足的。     

Investigation and Repair of Structural Deficiencies in Projected Masonry Bay Construction

Projected masonry bays are a common feature on many historic buildings. Over the course of the last 100?years or so, bays have been constructed utilizing a wide variety of masonry and framing configurations to provide structural support to these eccentric architectural elements. Mechanisms to resist the natural tendency of the bay construction to “sag” and/or rotate away from the plane of the wall have historically included corbelled and/or cantilevered masonry, steel tension ties, counterweight beams, and a variety of steel, concrete, and wood framing configurations. Many of these support system mechanisms have satisfactory in-service performance, whereas others have been found to permit undesirable behavior. Unanticipated flexibility in the bay support may result from improper interaction of the various structural components. Distortion of the bay construction leads to distress, premature deterioration, and sometimes failure within the bay assemblies. This paper will present a case study pertaining to the investigation, analysis, and repair of a projected masonry bay system involving several different support mechanisms and will focus on a specific structure in which effective support assemblies were integrated into the existing building fabric.     

Prioritization of Ten Embankment Dams According to Physical Deficiencies

Ten embankment dams managed by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management Office of Dam Safety have been prioritized according to their physical deficiencies. Based upon visual inspection reports by several independent engineers engaged by the Department of Environmental Management and using a computer program that automates the risk indexing procedure, the 10 dams have been assigned a risk index (or priority ranking) number that identifies potential deficiencies in the physical condition of each structure and provides an evaluation of the overall importance of these deficiencies. Comparisons of the computed total risk indices for all dams in an inventory provides a basis for prioritizing future maintenance and repair actions for that inventory. Examination of the risk indices for each physical condition at a single dam can also give an indication as to which deficiencies may be the most significant. This paper will assist dam safety engineers in evaluating the potential benefits of the application of risk indexing to dams within their inventory. A companion paper presents the theoretical basis for prioritizations presented herein.     

金山金矿技术检测中取样存在的不足及改进的措施

矿山选冶生产工艺过程的检测对选冶生产具有重要的作用,检测的功能犹如人的眼睛的功能,黄金矿山选冶工艺的检测与其他矿山相比工作难度更大.为了充分发挥检测工作应有的作用,笔者针对金山金矿重选厂以及冶炼厂生产检测的现状和存在的不足,提出了一些改进措施,可为类似矿山生产检测提供新的思路.     

The Contribution of Mediator-Based Deficiencies to Age Differences in Associative Learning.

Production, mediational, and utilization deficiencies, which describe how strategy use may contribute to developmental trends in episodic memory, have been intensively investigated. Using a mediator report-and-retrieval method, the authors present evidence concerning the degree to which 2 previously unexplored mediator-based deficits--retrieval and decoding deficiencies--account for age deficits in learning. During study, older and younger adults were instructed to use a strategy (imagery or sentence generation) to associate words within paired associates. They also reported each mediator and later attempted to retrieve each response and the mediator produced at study. Substantial deficits occurred in mediator recall, and small differences were observed in decoding mediators. Mediator recall also accounted for a substantial proportion of the age deficits in criterion recall independently of fluid or crystallized intelligence. Discussion focuses on mediator-based deficiencies and their implications for theories of age deficits in episodic memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Color vision in horses (Equus caballus): Deficiencies identified using a pseudoisochromatic plate test.

In the past, equine color vision was tested with stimuli composed either of painted cards or photographic slides or through physiological testing using electroretinogram flicker photometry. Some studies produced similar results, but others did not, demonstrating that there was not yet a definitive answer regarding color vision in horses (Equus caballus). In this study, a pseudoisochromatic plate test--which is highly effective in testing color vision both in small children and in adult humans--was used for the first time on a nonhuman animal. Stimuli consisted of different colored dotted circles set against backgrounds of varying dots. The coloration of the circles corresponded to the visual capabilities of different types of color deficiencies (anomalous trichromacy and dichromacy). Four horses were tested on a 2-choice discrimination task. All horses successfully reached criterion for gray circles and demonstration circles. None of the horses were able to discriminate the protan-deutan plate or the individual protan or deutan plates. However, all were able to discriminate the tritan plate. The results suggest that horses are dichromats with color vision capabilities similar to those of humans with red-green color deficiencies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

关于高扬程供水系统中的水锤现象

通过对具体工程设计中水锤现象的分析、计算，明确了单一管线水锤分析的几个关键参数和计算方法，并提出对水锤危害的预防措施。     

水质稳定技术在焦化循环水中的应用

济钢焦化厂对供水系统的中温循环水采用水质稳定技术,通过采取原始开车清洗不停车清洗,预膜处理,水质稳定操作等措施,使回收系统生产稳定,吨焦耗水降低８．１７ｍ＾３／ｈ水的复用率达到９５．０６％,且排污量减少。     

冶炼厂地下给水管网漏水管理的探讨

从给水管网的施工、水管及附件的质量和运行管理方面分析了西北铅锌冶炼厂给水管网漏水量较大的原因 ,提出了相应的检漏防漏措施     

优化自来水厂水泵站供配电系统

介绍了大山清水泵站由于供电线路632#、625#实现双回路电源改造,两条线路互为备用,所以这个改造的同时有必要对泵站内的配电设施进行优化,调整部分变压器负荷,增加负荷大的变压器,同时其对应的开关设备等一并更换,解决一些不必要的安全问题,从而使泵站达到最佳经济运行状态,真正保证泵站安全稳定高效供水。     

降低软水站盐耗水耗的措施

为降低软水站系统的盐耗及水耗,对软化器进水流量,再生液浓度,再生操作、正洗反洗操作等进行了优化。软化器进水流量以110m3/h为宜;通过改进再生液注入方式及采用1.7m—1.25t的液位—投盐量,可保证再生液浓度;同时设置了预正洗并优化了反冲洗操作。改进后,软化器使用周期延长41.1%,周期软水产量增加38.9%,软水站盐耗减少15.8t/月,水耗减少6125t/月。     

辽河流域水资源与水环境评价

对辽河流域水资源的变化情况、分布特征及短缺程度、辽河流域水环境质量状况和辽河流域主要污染物排放及分布情况进行了分析评价,结果表明:辽河流域水资源严重短缺,开发利用程度高;辽河流域水质污染总体情况虽有所减轻,但氨氮污染仍较严重;辽河流域属有机污染,主要污染物为氨氮和 COD,浑太流域污染情况较重.辽河流域水资源供需矛盾突出,若得不到有效解决,将严重制约地区经济发展.     

离子静电水处理技术在循环冷却水中的应用

简要介绍了离子静电水处理技术杀菌、灭藻、防垢阻垢的机理，及在循环冷却水系统中的应用情况。     

反渗透浓水在循环冷却水系统中的利用

介绍一级反渗透浓水全部用作1#发电机组循环冷却水补水,在同比浓缩倍率下具有安全、稳定的运行,运行两年后结果表明,阻垢效果提高。实施改造后,大大减少了废水排放,经济效益和社会效益显著。