基于语义网格的反垃圾邮件应用架构设计

目前对垃圾邮件问题的大部分解决方法仍受到互联网自身特性的限制,而且在较大范围内邮件过滤的准确率也不能满足人们的要求.因此从语义网格的角度出发,利用语义网格的语义分析能力强且具有网格优势等特点来解决垃圾邮件问题.提出反垃圾邮件语义网格的概念,并详细阐述了反垃圾邮件语义网格系统的基本思想、体系结构以及支撑技术;利用OptorSim网格模拟器对系统进行测试;对系统中一些关键问题进行讨论.     

反垃圾邮件新技术

电子邮件是我们最常是用的网络应用技术之一,而垃圾邮件问题也日益成为主要的安全问题,该文就传统的和新近出现的反垃圾邮件技术做了一个讲解。     

反垃圾邮件应用研究

一、垃圾邮件现状及危害。随着因特网的不断普及,国内的用户数呈指数级增长。其中电子邮件是Internet所有服务中最基本的服务,超过百分之八十的用户使用电子邮件服务。它为人们的工作、生活、娱乐提供了极大的便利。在充分享受电子邮件带来的便捷、实时和廉价的同时,网络时代的人们也饱尝垃圾邮件带来的烦恼。几乎每个人的信箱都充斥着大量来历不明的邮件,垃圾     

垃圾邮件与反垃圾邮件技术

最近两年，垃圾邮件肆虐横行，危害越来越大，严重影响了正常的网络运行。本文简单地介绍了垃圾邮件的定义及其产生机理；重点论述了当前流行的反垃圾邮件过滤技术，并对当前最新的反垃圾邮件技术进行了介绍；最后对未来反垃圾邮件过滤技术提出了展望。     

反垃圾邮件在行动

垃圾邮件业已成为全球公害，世界上绝大多数国家都为反垃圾邮件专门立法，也做了大量的工作，随着全球范围内，反垃圾邮件的合作不断加强，打击力度不断提高，垃圾邮件的泛滥趋势将会得到有效遏制，我们将有望生活在一片宁静的网络空间下。     

浅析反垃圾邮件技术

电子邮件是Internet最广泛的应用,但随之而来的是垃圾邮件的泛滥。本文分析了垃圾邮件的产生原因和危害,阐述了垃圾邮件的发送机理,并对当前主要的反垃圾邮件技术进行了介绍。     

反垃圾邮件技术

电子邮件作为目前在Internet上使用最广泛的服务，近年来日益受到垃圾邮件的威胁。众多的垃圾邮件最终将流向我们每一个电子邮件用户，极大地影响了电子邮件的使用效率。垃圾邮件之所以泛滥，原因在电子邮件系统本身在安全方面存在一些漏洞。当前已经有许多比较成熟的反垃圾邮件技术，其中的一些已经投入实用。本文将解释垃圾邮件的成因，并介绍一些主要的反垃圾邮件的技术，最后介绍一种新的类似于垃圾邮件的有害信息传播方式。     

反垃圾邮件技术探秘

许多技术在一开始被发明的时候．并未受人重视。但随着时间的流逝和客观条件的变化．其重要性便突显出来——反垃圾邮件技术便属于此类。在电子邮件发明之初,在网络上传递信息的电子邮件相当少。     

贝叶斯网络模型在反垃圾邮件中的应用

近些年,网络上的垃圾邮件肆意横行,令人深恶痛绝,因此反垃圾邮件就成了亟待解决的问题。而贝叶斯网络理论的研究为反垃圾邮件指出了一个明确方向。贝叶斯推断理论提供一种概率手段,为数据建模提供了个统一的框架,而且它为算法的分析提供了理论基础。本文在对贝叶斯网络分类模型形式化描述的基础上,设计了一个基于贝叶斯分类器的反垃圾邮件模型。实验证明,利用基于贝叶斯分类器的反垃圾邮件模型对邮件进行分类时可以获得较高的准确率和不错的查全率。     

反垃圾邮件--中国在行动

8月15日,中国互联网协会在北京举办了“20O3中国反垃圾邮件研讨会”。这是我国举办的第一次反垃圾邮件专题研讨会,它标志着我国的反垃圾邮件斗争已经进入了一个新阶段,中国互联网界开始集体向垃圾邮件宣战……     

Querying databases with a domain-oriented natural language understanding system

This paper presents the DONAU (Domain Oriented NAtural language Understanding) system. The system can extract, from a sentence expressed in natural language, the useful information that is necessary in order to provide either an appropriate command for a robot or an acceptable query to a database system. The DONAU system, being adapted for such different versions, is intended to provide a contribution of quite general significance in the field of natural language understanding and within the general area of artificial intelligence. In fact, while a first version of DONAU, which has been developed and successfully tested on UNIVAC 1108 computer, is devoted to the semantic domain of robotics, a second DONAU version for querying databases has been constructed. Thus, the DONAU architecture has been conceived and developed in order to provide an experimental and formalizable result that is of general value, and that therefore can be applied to semantic domains of a different type as well.A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the IIASA Workshop on Natural Language for Interaction with Data Bases, Laxenburg Schloss, Austria, January 1977.     

CUDL language semantics: Updating FDB data

The semantics for data manipulation of the database language CUDL - Conceptual Universal Database Language - designed to manage dynamic database environments, are presented. This language conforms to the FDB (Frame DataBase) data model, offering a simple, easy and efficient platform for the use of the FDB model. Otherwise the management and operation of FDB data is laborious and time-consuming and it requires from the user a very good acquaintance of the proposed model, the structures and organisation of it as well as the processes of the management of elements that compose it. In this paper we present in depth the semantics of the way of handling the data, in order to search and transform information, in an FDB data source. We present the analysis of simple and complex cases that led us to synthesize valid and simple semantic rules that determine the data manipulation operations. The more sophisticated and demanding constructs, used in the language, for query specification, query processing and object manipulation are discussed and evaluated.     

基于数据库查询的自然语言接口研究

语音识别技术是近年来信息领域重要的科技发展技术之一.作为一门交叉学科,语音识别正逐步成为信息技术中人机接口的关键技术.探讨了为数据库查询提供自然语言接口的可能性,介绍了图书资料查询系统中语音识别的基本框架,并详细描述了采用微软Speech SDK技术实现图书资料查询的详细过程.给出了查询流程,基于状态转换图的词法分析和语法分析方法,将疑问句转换成SQL查询语句的方法,以及由查询结果生成答句的方法.     

基于自然语言理解的SPARQL本体查询

为了用户能够方便地获取本体知识,提出了基于自然语言理解的SPARQL本体查询。利用Stanford Parser分析用户的自然语言查询,根据语法构建查询三元组,与关键词的方法相比,有效地减少了组合的个数。结合用户词典,能较准确地把查询三元组的词汇映射到本体实体。分值计算时除了考虑词语的形式相似和语义相似外,还考虑了概念的模糊性,尽量返回具体的概念。利用本体推理获取隐藏在本体中的信息,对查询进行过滤和限制,提高了准确率。用户通过图形交互界面和系统进行交互,选择需要的结果,最后返回树形查询结果,并能看到相关的信息。实验结果表明,该方法达到了预期的效果。     

A linguistic ontology of space for natural language processing

We present a detailed semantics for linguistic spatial expressions supportive of computational processing that draws substantially on the principles and tools of ontological engineering and formal ontology. We cover language concerned with space, actions in space and spatial relationships and develop an ontological organization that relates such expressions to general classes of fixed semantic import. The result is given as an extension of a linguistic ontology, the Generalized Upper Model, an organization which has been used for over a decade in natural language processing applications. We describe the general nature and features of this ontology and show how we have extended it for working particularly with space. Treaitng the semantics of natural language expressions concerning space in this way offers a substantial simplification of the general problem of relating natural spatial language to its contextualized interpretation. Example specifications based on natural language examples are presented, as well as an evaluation of the ontology's coverage, consistency, predictive power, and applicability.     

一种基于规则的语言的公理语义

为了准确描述离散事件控制系统对象之间的逻辑关系和编写控制程序,提出了一种基于规则的语言——逻辑规则描述语言（LRDL）。用EBNF给出了LRDL的语法定义,基于Hoare逻辑的公理系统,形式化地给出并证明了LRDL的公理语义,为用LRDL编写的程序的正确性证明提供了理论依据。     

自然语言处理技术在网络案情分析系统中的应用

随着互联网技术的飞速发展,大量的网络案情信息存在于互联网上,这既给办案人员提供了一定的线索,同时又带来了很大的挑战。设计并实现了一种网络案情分析系统,利用自然语言处理技术识别出海量网络案情文件中网名和网址等信息,并构建它们之间的关系网络。针对不同类型的文件,分别采取结构化分析和以“规则和统计”相结合为主、用户辅助知识库为辅的网名识别技术。实验证明,将该方法应用于网络犯罪案情分析系统中,有助于办案人员快速侦破案情。     

Logical reasoning in natural language: It is all about knowledge

A formal, computational, semantically clean representation of natural language is presented. This representation captures the fact that logical inferences in natural language crucially depend on the semantic relation of entailment between sentential constituents such as determiner, noun, adjective, adverb, preposition, and verb phrases.The representation parallels natural language in that it accounts for human intuition about entailment of sentences, it preserves its structure, it reflects the semantics of different syntactic categories, it simulates conjunction, disjunction, and negation in natural language by computable operations with provable mathematical properties, and it allows one to represent coordination on different syntactic levels.The representation demonstrates that Boolean semantics of natural language can be successfully modeled in terms of representation and inference by knowledge representation formalisms with Boolean semantics. A novel approach to the problem of automatic inferencing in natural language is addressed. The algorithm for updating a computer knowledge base and reasoning with explicit negative, disjunctive, and conjunctive information based on computing subsumption relation between the representations of the appropriate sentential constituents is discussed with examples.     

自然语言处理中逻辑词的知识图分析

知识图是一种新的知识表示方法。本文从本体论的角度出发,将知识图的本体论分别与Aristotle、Kant和Peirce的三种知识表示的本体论进行了比较,表明知识图方法的有效性以及本原性,说明知识图是一种更为一般的知识表示方法。从知识图本体论的观点,研究了各类逻辑词的知识图表示。本文结合汉语的特点,从结构的角度,研究并揭示了逻辑词的共性和规律性。进一步阐明知识图“结构就是含义”的思想。逻辑词的知识图分析将为自然语言分析中词典的建立奠定基础。