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1.
A new process for ultrasonic-assisted surfactant extraction of bitumen from Buton oil sands is performed. The microstructure and composition of Buton oil sands are characterized. The results demonstrated that its inorganic mineral contains 95.2% calcite and the particle size is mostly 2–5 μm. The extraction experiments show that the bitumen recovery ratio of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (NP-12) is 91.6%. Ethylene oxide number and hydrophile-lipophile balance have significant effects on the bitumen recovery ratio. In addition, the bitumen recovery ratio of NP-12 can still reach 90.2% after being recycled five times.  相似文献   

2.
Solar assisted method for recovery of bitumen from oil sand   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A novel concept for the recovery of bitumen from oil sands in a natural gas limited environment with and without CO2 constraints is presented. We suggest a feasible method for the recovery of unconventional oil in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way that has the potential of eliminating the need of natural gas as a process fuel. The proposed concept involves mid temperature steam generation for stimulating an oil sand formation. The steam is generated by utilizing solar radiation. The method uses the thermal mass of the oil sand formation to allow for cyclic steam injection during solar availability while still yielding continuous bitumen recovery. Feasibility assessments of the concept from both a thermodynamic and financial point of view are presented for a scenario of development in the Athabasca region in Alberta, Canada.  相似文献   

3.
Different parameters affecting the behavior of froth flotation of Jordanian tar sand, obtained from the Dead Sea area, were studied. This study was performed in a modified fluidized bed floatator. The effects of the addition of a flotation agent, NaOH, temperature and flotation time on the beneficiation of bitumen in the froth were investigated. It was found that the beneficiation factor in the froth increased with the increase of temperature and flotation time. However, the amount of base (NaOH) and the flotation agent were found to have a negative effect on that factor. A regression model based on a full factorial experimental design results was obtained with a significant correlation coefficient. The optimum beneficiation factor was found to be 7.2 and the bitumen content in the froth was found to be 79% in the froth, which was obtained at 0.2 gNaOH/L, zero agent, 80 °C, and 30 min.  相似文献   

4.
This article examines the exhaust waste heat recovery potential of a microturbine (MT) using an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Possible improvements in electric and exergy efficiencies as well as specific emissions by recovering waste heat from the MT exhaust gases are determined. Different dry organic working fluids are considered during the evaluation (R113, R123, R245fa, and R236fa). In general, it has been found that the use of an ORC to recover waste heat from MTs improves the combined electric and exergy efficiencies for all the evaluated fluids, obtaining increases of an average of 27% when the ORC was operated using R113 as the working fluid. It has also been found that higher ORC evaporator effectiveness values correspond to lower pinch point temperature differences and higher exergy efficiencies. Three different MT sizes were evaluated, and the results indicate that the energetic and exergetic performance as well as the reduction of specific emissions of a combined MT‐ORC is better for small MT power outputs than for larger MTs. This article also shows how the electric efficiency can be used to ascertain under which circumstances the use of a combined MT‐ORC will result in better cost, primary energy consumption, or emission reduction when compared with buying electricity directly from electric utilities. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

5.
Cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) is the process of choice for unconsolidated heavy oil reservoirs with relatively high gas content. The key challenge of CHOPS is that the recovery factor tends to be between 5% and 15%, implying that the majority of the oil remains in the ground after the process is rendered uneconomic. Continued cold production (without sands) is not productive for a post‐CHOPS reservoir because of the low oil saturation and depleted reservoir pressure in the wormhole regions. There is a need to develop viable recovery processes for post‐CHOPS reservoirs. Here, different follow‐up processes are examined for a post‐CHOPS heavy oil reservoir. In post‐CHOPS cold water flooding, severe water channeling is ineffective at displacing high viscosity heavy oil. Hot water flooding improves the sweep efficiency and produces more oil compared with cold water flooding. However, the swept region is limited to the domain between the neighboring wormhole networks, and the energy efficiency of the process is relatively poor. Compared with the hot water flooding case, steam flooding achieves higher oil production rates and lower water use. A cyclic steam stimulation strategy achieves the best performance regarding oil production rates and water usage. Based on our results, it is observed that thermally based techniques alone are not capable to recover the oil economically for post‐CHOPS reservoirs. However, it is suggested that techniques with combined use of thermal energy and solvent could potentially yield efficient oil recovery methods for these reservoirs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

6.
The coal fines from slurry waste discarded from the Jamadoba coal preparation plant were used for the recovery of significant energy value coal fines. The effect of oil type was investigated using different oils (edible oil and nonedible oil) at constant pulp density (PD) and agglomeration time (AT) and varying oil dosages. (ODs) The results were evaluated based on % organic matter recovery (% OMR) and % ash rejection (% AR).  相似文献   

7.
The coal fines from Jamadoba Coal Preparation Plant was used for coal oil agglomeration, and the effect of pulp density (PD), oil dosage (OD), agglomeration time (AT), and particle size (PS) were investigated using linseed oil as bridging liquid. The results were evaluated based on % ash rejection (% AR) and % organic matter recovery (% OMR). The maximum % AR and % OMR were achieved at low PD (3%), high OD (15%), high AT (15 min), and low PS (75 µm).  相似文献   

8.
The conventional methods for biofuel production provide a clean and renewable approach for bioenergy generation. However, the efficiency of these processes is still too low to compete with the existing technologies. Integrated bioprocesses could help in improving the overall yield and cost-effectiveness of the process. The present study deals with the evaluation of process efficiency in single, two and three-stage operation of dark fermentation, biomethanation and microbial fuels cells for recovering maximum energy from the invasive aquatic plant, water hyacinth. The merits and demerits of each process operated individually or in combination were evaluated. The results showed the integrated three-stage process yielded maximum energy recovery of 60% in the form of hydrogen, methane, and electricity with an overall COD removal of 94%. The present research work thus highlights the possibility of integrated hydrogen or methane-based biorefinery approach for the recovery of bioenergy from biomass.  相似文献   

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