浅谈档案工作在信息服务中的定位

档案工作基本上可分为两个重要方面，即档案资料、图书管理和读者服务工作。档案资料、图书管理工作主要有档案资料、图书的收集、分类、编目和保管等，是基础工作；读者服务工作主要有档案资料、图书流通工作和宦传资料、指导查阅、书目参考工作等。     

试谈档案资料的分类整理及编目

随着社会信息化的发展，档案资料在科学研究、工农业生产等社会活动中的地位越来越重要。人们在具体工作中，常常需要利用各类档案的继承、借鉴和凭证的作用来进行判断、分析和研究，因此，档案的分类整理编目在实际工作中显得尤为重要。笔者根据自己长期从事档案管理工作的实践，就其分类整理及编目谈一点粗浅的体会。     

水电水利工程岩芯实物档案的收集整理与编目移交

从水利水电工程建设前期勘探到工程建设实施阶段,均会产生许多岩芯实物材料,这些芯样实物是地质研究分析的重要依据,岩芯实物档案是工程项目档案的重要组成部分。为了提高水利水电工程岩芯实物档案的归档保管水平,明确收集范围和整理方法,阐述如何进行水利水电工程岩芯实物档案的收集整理与编目移交工作,从岩芯实物档案分类、整理、编目、编制档号几方面,分析实现岩芯实物档案保存、查找、利用价值的正确路径,提出岩芯实物档案的收集归档应遵循“适度留存、标签清楚,妥善保管、方便利用”原则。     

多载体文献资源的编目与管理

为了管理好多载体文献,更好地服务于读者,文章从多载体文献的概念、类型着手,进一步对多载体文献的加工与编目进行研究,结合工作实际,探讨了科学的多载体文献管理方法。     

中国水利水电出版社4本图书获第十四届引进版图书奖

正近日,由中国出版协会、中国新闻出版研究院、《出版参考》杂志社联合举办的第十四届输出版引进版优秀图书推介活动颁奖典礼在京举行。由中国水利水电出版社2014年出版的《全球城镇化水问题》丛书4本图书入选80种引进版优秀图书名单,本系列丛书翻译自联合国教科文组织——国际水文计划编纂的《城市水系列》图书。4本获奖图书分别是《城市水循环过程及其交互》《城市水冲突》《城市水安     

浅谈水利水电科技档案归档整理方法

水利水电科技档案是在水利水电建设各项科技活动中直接形成的具有保存价值的文字、图表、声像等。遵循科技档案的自然形成规律，保持科技档案材料之间的有机联系是档案整理工作的重要原则，因此我们在档案整理工作中，不仅要掌握它的归档范围，不宁掌握归档后的组卷分类，卷内文件排列，编目、装订的质量要求，具体做法有六个方面，这样才能做好水利水电科技档案的保管和利用。     

浅谈档案收集工作存在的问题及对策

机关档案工作主要是指收集、整理、编目、鉴定、保管、统计、检索、编纂、研究和提供利用等环节,作为档案工作基础环节的文件收集显得尤为重要。 1 档案收集工作的主要问题 1.1 机关文件归档不及时、不齐全、不完整的现象比较普遍,有相当一部分文件落在科室或个人手里。 在归案收集时存在一定的业务片面性,我院偏重     

《中文核心期刊要目总览》入编通知

正《南水北调与水利科技》主编:我们谨此郑重通知:依据文献计量学的原理和方法,经研究人员对相关文献的检索、统计和分析,以及学科专家评审,贵刊《南水北调与水利科技》入编《中文核心期刊要目总览》2017年版(即第8版)之"水利工程"类的核心期刊。该书由北京大学出版社出版。书中按《中国图书     

CNKI推出《中国高被引图书年报》

正日前,中国知网(CNKI)中国科学文献计量评价研究中心推出了一套《中国高被引图书年报》,该报告基于中国大陆建国以来出版的422万余本图书被近3年国内期刊、博硕、会议论文的引用频次,分学科、分时段遴选高被引优秀学术图书予以发布。据研制方介绍,他们统计并分析了2013—2015年中国学术期刊813万余篇、中国博硕士学位论文101万余篇、中国重要会议论文39万余篇,累计引文达1451万条。根据统计数据,422万本图书至少被引1次的图书达72万本。研制方根据中国图书馆分类法,将72万本图书划分为105个学科,分1949—2009年和2010—2014年两个时间段,分别遴选被引最高的TOP     

科技情报研究室

是我所科技情报文献资料的管理和服务部门,负责科技情报信息资源的开发利用,研究水利科技发展趋势和动向,开展国内外科技情报交流,进行科技文献资料的收集、管理和提供服务。现有图书情报楼3000平米,馆藏中外文图书、期刊、资料十二万多册,订有中外文专业期刊800余种,与960多个单位建立情报联系,备有微机中文编目系统及科技文献检索系统,可对外提供科技文献服务及技术信息咨询。期刊编辑部:负责编辑出版发行《西北水资源与水工程》学术性季刊及《西北水利科技》情报刊物,重点介绍本所科研成果及学术论著,并刊登有地区特色、有一     

对流方程保单调CIP格式

ＣＩＰ方法是国外发展起来的一种求解对流方程的数值方法，这种方法是一种紧致格式，它简便，直观同时稳定，数值扩散小。本文提出了保单调ＣＩＰ方法的构造思路，并给出了几种包括一致高阶精度在内的保单调ＣＩＰ格式。这些保单调ＣＩＰ格式是原有ＣＩＰ格式的修正，保持了其特点，模型方程数值试验的结果令人满意。     

3-D numerical simulations of violent sloshing by CIP-based method

The violent sloshing flow inside a rectangular tank is computed by the CIP (Constrained Interpolation Profile) ^[1] based Cartesian grid method. Two kinds of CIP scheme, the original CIP scheme and the RCIP scheme, have been applied to the flow solver. 2-D and 3-D computations using the two CIP schemes are carried out and their performances are discussed by comparing the results of the impact pressures on the wall and the free surface profiles to the experimental measurements.

     

Removal of pharmaceuticals using combination of UV/H(2)O(2)/O(3) advanced oxidation process

Water and wastewater effluents contain a vast range of pharmaceutical chemicals. The present study aims to determine the potential of the advanced oxidation technology UV/H(2)O(2)/O(3) and its sub-processes (i.e. UV, UV/H(2)O(2), UV/O(3), O(3) and H(2)O(2)/O(3)) for the degradation of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin (CIP) and trimethoprim (TMP), and the antineoplastic drug cyclophosphamide (CPD) from water. Creating AOP conditions improved in most cases the degradation rate of the target compounds (compared with O(3) and UV alone). H(2)O(2) concentration was found to be an important parameter in the UV/H(2)O(2) and H(2)O(2)/O(3) sub-processes, acting as (?)OH initiator as well as (?)OH scavenger. Out of the examined processes, O(3) had the highest degradation rate for TMP and H(2)O(2)/O(3) showed highest degradation rate for CIP and CPD. The electrical energy consumption for both CIP and CPD, as calculated using the E(EO) parameter, was in the following order: UV > UV/O(3) > UV/H(2)O(2)/O(3) > O(3) > H(2)O(2)/O(3). Whereas for TMP O(3) was shown to be the most electrical energy efficient. Twelve degradation byproducts were identified following direct UV photolysis of CIP.     

基于CIP方法的入水过程模拟

入水问题涉及到军事、航空等领域,如子弹入水、船舶砰击等,具有很强的应用背景。物体入水的过程涉及到固、液、气三相流动和相互作用,并伴随水花飞溅、空泡形成等复杂的物理现象。该文基于紧致插值CIP(constrained interpolation profile)数学模型,分步求解Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,并通过多相流理论描述固-液-气之间的相互作用,采用Volume of Fluid(VOF)类型的高精度紧致tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing(THINC)方法重构自由面。模拟了刚性圆柱和方柱的入水过程,结果与实验数据吻合较好。     

Simulation of violent free surface flow by AMR method

A novel CFD approach based on adaptive mesh refinement(AMR) technique is being developed for numerical simulation of violent free surface flows. CIP method is applied to the flow solver and tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing with slope weighting(THINC/SW) scheme is implemented as the free surface capturing scheme. The PETSc library is adopted to solve the linear system. The linear solver is redesigned and modified to satisfy the requirement of the AMR mesh topology. In this paper, our CFD method is outlined and newly obtained results on numerical simulation of violent free surface flows are presented.     

基于CIP法的波物相互作用强非线性数值模拟

极端波浪环境作用下,浮体易发生上浪拍击等强非线性现象,这一问题也是波浪与浮体相互作用研究的难点之一。该文基于高阶CIP(Constrained Interpolation Profile)法,采用THINC(Tangent of Hyperbola for Interface Capturing)数值技术精确捕捉自由液面,建立了二维多相流强非线性数值水槽模型。通过模拟线性波和孤立波的生成、传播过程,对该模型的收敛性、稳定性及造波性能进行了全面的验证与分析。利用该数值模型模拟和分析了极端波浪对浮体的强非线性作用。     

Development of Cartesian grid method for simulation of violent ship-wave interactions

We present a Cartesian grid method for numerical simulation of strongly nonlinear phenomena of ship-wave interactions. The Constraint Interpolation Profile(CIP) method is applied to the flow solver, which can efficiently increase the discretization accuracy on the moving boundaries for the Cartesian grid method. Tangent of Hyperbola for Interface Capturing(THINC) is implemented as an interface capturing scheme for free surface calculation. An improved immersed boundary method is developed to treat moving bodies with complex-shaped geometries. In this paper, the main features and some recent improvements of the Cartesian grid method are described and several numerical simulation results are presented to discuss its performance.     

Numerical simulation of viscous flow past an oscillating square cylinder using a CIP-based model

The flow past an in-line forced oscillating square cylinder at Reynolds number of 200 is studied using an in-house code, named constrained interpolation profile method developed in Zhejiang University(CIP-ZJU). The model is established in the Cartesian coordinate system using the CIP method to discretise the Navier-Stokes equations. The fluid-structure interaction is treated as a multiphase flow of the liquid and solid phases to be solved simultaneously. An immersed boundary method is used to deal with the boundary of the solid body. The CFD model is first applied to the computation of the flow past a fixed square cylinder for its validation. Computations are then performed for the flow past a square cylinder oscillating in the streamwise direction. Considerable attention is paid to the symmetric and anti-symmetric modes of the vortex shedding in the oscillating square cylinder wake. Various oscillation amplitudes and frequencies are simulated and their effects on the vortex shedding modes are analyzed via Lissajous patterns of the unsteady lift coefficient. The relationship among the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the lock-on range is also investigated quantitatively.     

Exposure to dust, endotoxin and airborne microorganisms in wastewater sludge thermal drying units

The objective of this study was to assess workers' exposure to bioaerosols in sludge drying units. Simultaneous collection of inhalable dust and airborne biological agents was carried out using rotating cup samplers (CIP 10, Arelco). Sixteen stationary and 30 personal measurements were performed in three drying plants, during summer and winter. Microbial content of air was characterized by high amounts of Gram-negative bacteria, endotoxin, and thermophilic actinomycetes. High differences between exposure levels were observed with regard to workplaces and tasks. Dryers and conveyors in operation were closed, and the monitoring task in the dryer room was associated with low levels of personal exposure, close to background levels. Conversely, cleaning and maintenance of the dryer and conveyors required the equipment to be opened, giving significantly higher task-based personal exposure levels. The fall of dried sludge into indoor containers resulted in high emission and spreading of dust. Mean personal exposure levels to fungi were moderate or low for all tasks. Based on the results of this study, appropriate means of operational control and personal protection are being developed and implemented on sites.     

和田河流域冰川径流对气候变化响应的模拟分析

为模拟和田河流域上游冰川径流,构建了嵌入冰川模块的SWAT模型,并基于实测径流数据及冰川编目数据对模型进行校正与验证,定量分析了和田河流域上游冰川径流的变化趋势及其对出山径流的贡献和对气候变化的响应规律。结果表明:1967—2017年玉龙喀什河流域多年平均冰川径流量为11.02亿m³,冰川径流对出山径流的贡献率为48.7％,喀拉喀什河流域多年平均冰川径流量为9.51亿m³,冰川径流贡献率为45.5％;在0.01显著性水平下,玉龙喀什河流域气温与降水量均呈显著上升趋势,喀拉喀什河流域气温呈显著上升趋势,降水量呈不显著上升趋势;气候变化背景下,两条支流由于地理位置、冰川特征等的不同,导致两条支流的径流响应呈现较大差异,玉龙喀什河流域冰川径流量呈显著增加趋势,而冰川径流对出山径流的贡献率呈显著下降趋势,喀拉喀什河流域冰川径流量与冰川径流贡献率均呈不显著增加趋势。