面向安全评估的高速铁路CTCS-2列控系统安全性测试环境

高速铁路CTCS-2列控系统是典型的安全苛求系统。根据安全苛求系统的特点,针对高速铁路CTCS-2列控系统的安全性测试和评估需求,设计了场景—事件驱动的测试脚本语言SED_TSL,提出了高速铁路CTCS-2列控系统测试环境的功能、系统框架、测试策略,实现了基于SED_TSL的CTCS-2列控系统自动化测试环境,并投入到铁道部的CTCS-2列控系统产品制式检测中,有效地实现了列控系统产品的功能与安全性测试。     

A kernel system for iconic image processing

We present a proposal for the design of a kernel system for iconic image processing operations and construct a virtual machine for image processing. The data structures and typical operations in the field of digital image processing are discussed. Furthermore, we give a formal definition of the operations and data objects required and describe one way to implement them by using the generic features of Ada.     

A system organization for parallel image processing

One of the problems in the development of multiprocessor systems for image analysis is the selection and efficient utilization of an interconnection network between the multiple processing units. This paper proposes a system organization centered around a class of interconnection networks and a global bus. Control schemes are developed for realizing the intertask communication requirements typically encountered in the parallel formulation of problems for image analysis. These schemes are simple, distributed and efficient. The utility of this organization is demonstrated by evaluating the performance of two applications.     

A multi-camera vision system for fall detection and alarm generation

Abstract: In-house video surveillance can represent an excellent support for people with some difficulties (e.g. elderly or disabled people) living alone and with a limited autonomy. New hardware technologies and in particular digital cameras are now affordable and they have recently gained credit as tools for (semi-)automatically assuring people's safety. In this paper a multi-camera vision system for detecting and tracking people and recognizing dangerous behaviours and events such as a fall is presented. In such a situation a suitable alarm can be sent, e.g. by means of an SMS. A novel technique of warping people's silhouette is proposed to exchange visual information between partially overlapped cameras whenever a camera handover occurs. Finally, a multi-client and multi-threaded transcoding video server delivers live video streams to operators/remote users in order to check the validity of a received alarm. Semantic and event-based transcoding algorithms are used to optimize the bandwidth usage. A two-room setup has been created in our laboratory to test the performance of the overall system and some of the results obtained are reported.     

A clustering-based system to automate transfer function design for medical image visualization

Finding good transfer functions for rendering medical volumes is difficult, non-intuitive, and time-consuming. We introduce a clustering-based framework for the automatic generation of transfer functions for volumetric data. The system first applies mean shift clustering to oversegment the volume boundaries according to their low-high (LH) values and their spatial coordinates, and then uses hierarchical clustering to group similar voxels. A transfer function is then automatically generated for each cluster such that the number of occlusions is reduced. The framework also allows for semi-automatic operation, where the user can vary the hierarchical clustering results or the transfer functions generated. The system improves the efficiency and effectiveness of visualizing medical images and is suitable for medical imaging applications.     

Hierarchical database for a multi-camera surveillance system

This paper presents a framework for event detection and video content analysis for visual surveillance applications. The system is able to coordinate the tracking of objects between multiple camera views, which may be overlapping or non-overlapping. The key novelty of our approach is that we can automatically learn a semantic scene model for a surveillance region, and have defined data models to support the storage of tracking data with different layers of abstraction into a surveillance database. The surveillance database provides a mechanism to generate video content summaries of objects detected by the system across the entire surveillance region in terms of the semantic scene model. In addition, the surveillance database supports spatio-temporal queries, which can be applied for event detection and notification applications.     

A semi-supervised system for players detection and tracking in multi-camera soccer videos

This paper presents a complete, general and modular system which after a simple previous configuration is able to detect and track each player on the court or field. The presented multi-camera system is based on a mono-camera object detection and tracking system originally designed for video surveillance applications. Target sports of the developed system are team sports (e.g., basketball, soccer). The main objective of this paper is to present a semi-supervised system able to detect and track the players in multi-camera sports videos, focusing on the fusion of different tracks of detected blobs in order to match tracks across cameras. The proposed system is simpler than other systems from the state of the art, can operate in real time and has margin to be improved and to reduce supervision adding additional complexity. In addition to the detection and tracking system, an evaluation system has been designed to obtain quantitative results of the system performance.     

视线跟踪技术的图像质量主观数据库构建及其可视化

目的 视线跟踪技术是当前最新的无干扰地获得人类视觉注意力的生物测量方法。将视线跟踪方法的原理其应用于图像质量感知研究,建立了首个基于眼动的图像质量感知数据库XJTU_ETSS。方法 应用单刺激图像质量评价法,在Tobii TX300的眼动平台上对900幅原始和失真图像进行了49人的60 Hz眼动主观测试。对含眼动的失真图像进行了可视化分析,即利用注视图、热图和自动聚类感兴趣区域图分析注意力在失真图像上的分布特点。结果 针对XJTU_ETSS眼动数据特点,利用反映群体视觉注意力共性的热图可视化方法具体对数据库中一组原始图像和其对应的6种失真图像上的热图进行了比较和定性分析,直观地显了原始图像和不同种类失真图像上视觉注意力的分布特征。结论 通过实验结果可知,视线跟踪方法能十分直观地揭示人在主观图像感知过程中的特性,这对于今后建立基于人眼注意力模型的图像客观评价算法,以及更加深入地揭示人类视觉系统的感知机制都有着现实而重要的意义。     

面向浏览器的医学影像可视化系统

目的 当前各大商业公司和开源社区所提供的医学影像可视化系统依赖于各类平台以及与平台相关的插件,难以实现跨平台访问.为此提出并实现了基于HTML5的面向现代浏览器的医学影像可视化系统.方法 基于B/S(browers/server)模式进行系统整体架构与设计,设计自定义的传输协议提供各种定制的图像可视化服务.对于2维影像,采用HTML的canvas技术和WebGL技术进行浏览器端硬件加速.对于3维医学影像,采用前后端异步操作的策略以提供渐进式可视化.算法构造原始数据的多分辨率采样,并在用户交互过程中实现自适应可视化.结果 在不同的浏览器、多组临床医学影像肝脏数据上测试了系统,表明系统支持跨浏览器的可视化.测试2维和3维可视化的结果表明,系统支持2维影像的实时可视化(25帧/s),支持3维影像的交互可视化.对于512×512×154的医学体数据,低精度绘制模式的可视化效率可以达到60帧/s,高精度绘制模式的可视化效率可达到 1帧/s 的绘制效率.结论 本文面向浏览器的医学影像可视化系统利用当下新兴的WEB技术实现了跨浏览器、跨平台地对用户提供服务,为远程及移动医疗影像可视化系统提供了机会.     

Comparison of four freely available frameworks for image processing and visualization that use ITK

Most image processing and visualization applications allow users to configure computation parameters and manipulate the resulting visualizations. SCIRun, VoIView, MeVisLab, and the Medical Interaction Toolkit (MITK) are four image processing and visualization frameworks that were built for these purposes. All frameworks are freely available and all allow the use of the ITK C++ library. In this paper, the benefits and limitations of each visualization framework are presented to aid both application developers and users in the decision of which framework may be best to use for their application. The analysis is based on more than 50 evaluation criteria, functionalities, and example applications. We report implementation times for various steps in the creation of a reference application in each of the compared frameworks. The data-flow programming frameworks, SCIRun and MeVisLab, were determined to be best for developing application prototypes, while VoIView was advantageous for nonautomatic end-user applications based on existing ITK functionalities, and MITK was preferable for automated end-user applications that might include new ITK classes specifically designed for the application     

A Prototype Expert System for Automatic Generation of Image Processing Programs

A prototype expert system for generating image processing programs using the subroutine package SPIDER is described in this paper.Based on an interactive dialog,the system can generate a complete application program using SPIDER routines.     

A Java program for stereo retinal image visualization

Stereo imaging of the optic-disc is a gold standard examination of glaucoma, and progression of glaucoma can be detected from temporal stereo images. A Java-based software system is reported here which automatically aligns the left and right stereo retinal images and presents the aligned images side by side, along with the anaglyph computed from the aligned images. Moreover, the disparity between two aligned images is computed and used as the depth cue to render the optic-disc images, which can be interactively edited, panned, zoomed, rotated, and animated, allowing one to examine the surface of the optic-nerve head from different view angles. Measurement including length, area, and volume of regions of interest can also be performed interactively.     

A digital mock-up visualization system capable of processing giga-scale CAD models

In the automotive, aerospace and naval industries, digital mock-up tools are always used for assembly examination, layout examination and interference checking. Generally, a digital mock-up is assembled from giga-scale CAD models. Because of limitations of computer hardware resources, a digital mock-up represented by traditional planar facets is too large to load into a computer’s memory for rendering. This article proposes a new geometric compression representation to represent given CAD models with curved triangular patches. Based on the compression representation, our digital mock-up visualization system can import several giga-scale CAD models into a computer’s memory simultaneously. A high performance rendering strategy to display the curved triangular patches is also presented. In the rendering strategy, a dynamic subdivision algorithm is introduced which is different from conventional LOD techniques in order to reduce memory consumption. In addition, an algorithm to convert CAD models to the curved triangular patches is introduced.     

An interactive image processing system

A multiuser multiprocessing image processing system has been developed. It is an interactive picture manipulation and enhancement facility which is capable of executing a variety of image processing operations while simultaneously controlling real-time input and output of pictures. It was designed to provide a reliable picture processing system which would be cost-effective in the commercial production environment. Additional goals met by the system include flexibility and ease of operation and modification.     

Low-cost microprocessor-based image processing system

The architecture, implementation and image processing facilities of the LS10 low-cost microprocessor-based image processing system are described. The paper presents a summary of the system's attributes, and emphasis is given to their use in practical image processing applications. Results for processed Landsat satellite images are presented and described to illustrate the performance achievable from the system. To perform complex computations rapidly, fast Fourier transforms for example, a transputer-based processor has been developed. The paper shows how this sytem can be interfaced to the image processor.     

A VR-based volumetric medical image segmentation and visualization system with natural human interaction

Virtual Reality - Volume rendering produces informative two-dimensional (2D) images from a 3-dimensional (3D) volume. It highlights the region of interest and facilitates a good comprehension of...     

NPU-based image compositing in a distributed visualization system

This paper describes the first use of a network processing unit (NPU) to perform hardware-based image composition in a distributed rendering system. The image composition step is a notorious bottleneck in a clustered rendering system. Furthermore, image compositing algorithms do not necessarily scale as data size and number of nodes increase. Previous researchers have addressed the composition problem via software and/or custom-built hardware. We used the heterogeneous multicore computation architecture of the Intel IXP28XX NPU, a fully programmable commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology, to perform the image composition step. With this design, we have attained a nearly four-times performance increase over traditional software-based compositing methods, achieving sustained compositing rates of 22-28 fps on a 1.021times1.024 image. This system is fully scalable with a negligible penalty in frame rate, is entirely COTS, and is flexible with regard to operating system, rendering software, graphics cards, and node architecture. The NPU-based compositor has the additional advantage of being a modular compositing component that is eminently suitable for integration into existing distributed software visualization packages.