不同能量背景的环形艾里飞秒激光光束大气成丝特性

自从第一次观察到飞秒激光大气成丝后,光丝备受科学家的关注。它的潜在应用价值主要包括电子加速、激光雷达远程遥感、太赫兹辐射和超短脉冲压缩。利用数值仿真的方法,通过改变艾里光束的衰减系数,研究了不同能量背景的环形艾里光束飞秒激光大气成丝特性,得到的光丝长度长于拥有相同峰值功率、弱能量背景高斯光束形成的光丝。通过分析飞秒激光光丝演化过程的时间和空间特性,发现了环形能量背景是环形艾里光束沿传播方向形成高能量密度光丝的前提条件。比较了环形艾里光束和高丝光束在成丝过程中的光谱展宽特性,发现不同衰减系数的环形艾里光束具有相似的光谱展宽特性,但要明显弱于高斯光束的光谱展宽。研究成果对与提升飞秒激光成丝效果具有参考意义。     

自加速艾里光束的生成及控制

基于切线簇的概念,从几何光学的角度分析了自加速艾里光束的形成过程,以及艾里光束入射面相位分布与其自加速轨迹的关系,并给出了根据自加速轨迹分布函数推算艾里光束入射面相位分布的迭代算法,讨论了艾里光束自修复特性的形成原理。利用液晶空间光调制器调制准直激光束实验生成了二维艾里光束,并对其无衍射、自加速、自修复等特性进行了验证。此外还通过对一维艾里光束的调控实验生成了自聚焦光束和类贝塞尔光束等新型的光束。     

基于空间光调制器的艾里光束能量调制方法

艾里光束由于具有无衍射、自加速和自愈合等特性,具有重要的应用前景。本文基于空间光调制器可编程特性,提出了一种可调谐的艾里光束能量调制新方法。从理论上深入分析通过在相位图中引入一个可控的调制相位而实现了艾里光束能量调控的方法,并且量化了调制参数与能量调制范围的关系。仿真和实验结果表明通过改变调制相位可以灵活地调节光束能量分布,本文的研究有助于进一步推动艾里光束的应用。     

艾里光束调控与三维显微成像应用

艾里光束具有无衍射、自修复和自加速的传播特性,在光操控、非线性光学、光学成像等领域受到关注.本文介绍利用空间光调制器所构建的4f系统产生和调控艾里光束的方法.通过调控艾里光束的自弯曲传播点扩散函数,设计并实现了艾里光束三维重建显微镜,研究了该显微镜的成像性能,在40×/0.75 NA物镜下实现了横向分辨率约为0.5μm...     

自弯曲艾里光束阵列产生的可调局域空心光束（英文）

利用艾里光束自弯曲特性,提出一种新的艾里光阵列产生的局域空心光束。这些艾里光束阵列以环形排列,当它们向前传播的同时又以向内的方向加速传播,从而形成环形局域空心光束。通过调节在初始输入平面上环形艾里光束阵列之间的间隔距离,可以很灵活实现调控局域空心光束大小。与传统的高斯激光叠加相比,多艾里光束的无衍射特性及相干叠加使得输出能量大大提高。数值模拟结果表明通过环形艾里光束的自加速特性可以形成局域空心光束。该灵活可控的局域光束可以为原子捕获与生命细胞操控提供更好的灵活性。     

艾里涡旋及其衍生光场

艾里光束作为一种具有自加速特性的无衍射光束,在光镊、光学成丝、成像、表面等离子激发等众多领域都具有应用潜力。而在艾里光束基础上引入涡旋项可以丰富光场特性,同时利用艾里光束特性与涡旋相位特性为光场分布调谐提供了更大的灵活性,也引入了更多的动力学演化特性。以直角坐标和极坐标系下艾里光束的特性与应用为切入口,系统介绍了各类艾里涡旋的参数调谐与演化特性,包括直角坐标和极坐标系下单个艾里涡旋在各个情况下的演化特性、产生方式与应用,以及直角坐标和极坐标系下的艾里涡旋叠加光束的奇特性质等,为系统了解艾里涡旋参数及动力学特性提供参考,进而为产生具有更加丰富性质的光场打下基础,对扩大艾里涡旋的实际应用领域具有指导意义。     

艾里-高斯光束在光折变介质中的孤子脱落

以非线性薛定谔方程为理论模型,采用分步傅里叶方法研究了光折变介质中艾里-高斯光束的传输特性。结果表明:满足一定条件时,光折变介质中会形成周期振荡的空间孤子;介质的非线性系数越大,形成空间孤子所需的传输距离越短,孤子的振荡周期越小;当艾里-高斯光束的初始入射功率在一定范围内时,光折变介质中才会形成稳定的空间孤子;在空间孤子形成时,由于局部能量竞争,会出现光束分裂成丝现象。此外,还研究了微噪声扰动对艾里-高斯光束在光折变介质中传输稳定性的影响。     

相位全息图几何参数变换对艾里光束的影响分析

艾里光束具有无衍射、自加速和自愈合三大特性，其中自加速特性最吸引人。为更全面了解艾里光束的自加速特性，在保证其轨迹完整的前提下，基于几何变换改变相位图中立方相位的相对位置和旋转角度来探究艾里光束的加速特性，利用傅里叶光学推导出对应的光谱公式进行验证。结果表明，相位图几何变换调制可以显著改变艾里光束的传播轨迹位置和空间偏转位置。研究对艾里光束的自加速特性领域及应用提供了更全面的认识，对控制其他加速光束的理解提供了新的思路。     

飞秒激光光丝电学特性实验及模型分析

飞秒激光在高压放电、电场测量等领域中有广阔的应用前景，准确测量飞秒激光的相关电学参数是各领域中飞秒激光应用的前提。基于激光电学特性实验得到了光丝通道在恒定电场下的电流特征，通过电路仿真得出了实验电路的等效元件参数，并通过仿真结果与实验条件联立的方法逆推得出以下结论：对于飞秒激光经过辅助聚焦后形成的光丝，其在实验电路中的等效电阻随光丝传播距离的增加呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势。2.7 mJ飞秒激光光丝在通过5 m焦距透镜后，贯穿2.5 cm放电间隙。在这个过程中，当光丝传播距离为473.6～501.6 cm时，等效电阻为457.5～9122.5 kΩ。所提分析方法能够表征具体激光能量和聚焦距离下的飞秒激光光丝的电学特性，研究结果为飞秒激光在高电压领域中的应用提供了参数支持。     

二维谐振子调制势中光束传输特性研究

运用自相似方法,求出了二维谐振子调制势下光束的传输方程的精确解析解,并对光束在传输距离一定时其传输特性随量子数的变化规律进行了数值分析.结果表明,在谐振子势调制下,光束传播的波函数解为厄米特函数,且在能量峰值上表现出类似于亮孤子的中间能量高于外围能量的特性,在几何分布上形成矩阵或方阵式波包.波包总数受x、y方向的量子数取值影响,波包能量幅值沿x、y轴的正负向均逐渐增大且关于矩阵的对角线或x、y轴对称。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks