TA15钛合金中板组织与力学性能研究

采用一次换向+四火次轧制、二次换向+四火次轧制和一次换向+三火次大变形轧制3种工艺制备了厚度10.0mm的TA15钛合金中板,研究了轧制工艺对板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：3种TA15钛合金中板显微组织均为α+β两相区加工组织,但采用二次换向+四火次轧制的样品B显微组织中初生α相尺寸最为细小、等轴化程度最高;3种TA15钛合金板材室温和高温力学性能均符合GJB 2505A—2008标准要求,但采用一次换向+三火次大变形轧制的样品C室温和500℃高温抗拉强度横纵向差异最小,500℃高温持久性能最佳。     

热处理对ARB制备超细晶1060工业纯铝组织和性能的影响

采用累积复合轧制(ARB)技术制备超细晶1060工业纯铝,研究了热处理对超细晶工业纯铝组织和性能的影响.结果显示,室温下1060工业纯铝经过ARB8道次轧制后,材料的晶粒尺寸由轧制前的38 μm细化至0.42μm,抗拉强度增加2.5倍,延伸率下降.ARB轧制后不同道次试样经150℃x 1 h热处理后,改善了材料层间界面的结合强度,使抗拉强度略有增加..ARB5道次轧制后试样在200℃以下热处理1 h,显微组织处于回复阶段,晶粒尺寸在0.478O.58μm范围内,机械性能稳定;在200℃以上热处理时,晶粒发生再结晶,晶粒长大,材料的性能恢复.     

轧制方式对钼的力学性能的影响

纯钼板制品可以通过粉末冶金方法制备烧结坯料,再通过轧制变形得到期望的尺寸和性能.轧制工艺对钼板的性能有非常重要的作用,通过比较分析3种交叉轧制与单向轧制钼板的性能和微观组织的差异发现,交叉轧制可以显著改善各向异性,使材料具有优良的综合性能.随着温度的提高,轧制工艺对于钼板性能的影响明显减弱,晶粒再结晶和长大使钼板的高温...     

TA6钛合金板材换向轧制工艺研究

通过设计两种换向轧制工艺,采用2 800 mm四辊可逆热轧机成功制备了满足GJB 2505A—2008标准要求的3.5 mm厚TA6钛合金薄板,并研究了轧制工艺对TA6钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用这两种不同轧制工艺轧制TA6钛合金板材,当总变形量为72%时,板材内部均为混乱的魏氏组织,且组织均匀性差,纵横向抗拉强度差值大于50 MPa;随着变形量增大,组织不断细化,强度不断提高,当变形量达到89%以上时,与B工艺相比,采用A工艺得到的板材组织均匀性更好,且纵横向抗拉强度差值小于20 MPa。采用A工艺制备的TA6钛合金板材退火后为细小均匀的再结晶组织,且力学性能满足GJB 2505A—2008标准要求。     

细晶TA15钛合金板材制备工艺及其超塑性研究

研究了β淬火和换向轧制对TA15钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并对显微组织最为均匀细小的板材进行了超塑性能测试。结果表明,增加β淬火工艺,可以提高板材显微组织的均匀性,细化晶粒尺寸,提高板材的室温拉伸强度;采用换向轧制工艺,能够显著减小横纵向组织差异,提高组织均匀性,使板材横纵向性能差异减小;对同时采用β淬火和换向轧制工艺制备的板材进行超塑性拉伸试验,在850~920℃、0.001~0.01 s-1试验条件下,板材具有良好的超塑性能,且超塑性能对拉伸温度和拉伸应变速率均较为敏感。不同的应变速率下,温度对超塑性能的影响规律不同。     

轧制方式和变形量对纯钼板坯微观组织和织构的影响

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),通过测量不同{hkl}晶面的衍射强度判断钼板表面法向的取向分布,研究了热轧纯钼板不同变形量和轧制方式下的微观组织和织构演变。结果表明:单向轧制,晶粒取向呈现出一定的方向性;随着变形量的增加,晶粒变形程度增加,大晶粒破碎,晶粒尺寸变小,晶粒取向愈加明显。交叉轧制,平行于轧制方向上的晶粒沿轧制方向被压缩伸长,呈层状分布,表现出面织构的特征性;垂直轧向的晶粒交错搭接,方向性减弱。单向轧制使{111}〈uvw〉织构得到强化,导致板材各向异性趋于明显。交叉轧制可削弱单向轧制过程中产生的{111}〈uvw〉织构,有利于降低钼板材的各向异性;同时,随着轧制变形量的增加,有利于{100}〈uvw〉织构的形成和强化,当变形量达90%以上时,{100}〈uvw〉织构最强。     

轧制工艺对工业纯钛组织性能的影响

利用现有轧钢设备轧制纯钛板坯,借助光学显微镜研究轧坯的组织形貌,发现轧制钛坯材料的头部与尾部微观组织形貌变化情况相同,即心部组织为锯齿状α片群,α片间还保留少量β相,角部微观组织基本是等轴晶粒,侧边中间位置均为变形α晶粒,且晶粒大于角部、小于心部。透射电镜分析发现轧制钛坯微观组织中出现大量位错,α晶粒内有较多的析出相和孪晶组织,但未见板条状结构。X射线衍射分析表明轧制变形过程中出现了较强的变形织构。沿平行和垂直于轧制方向的取样拉伸,结果发现纯钛坯横向平均屈服强度和抗拉强度高于纵向。     

热轧态与回火态 AH80 DB 低碳贝氏体钢组织与冲击韧性

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对热轧态和回火态AH80DB低碳贝氏体钢的显微组织、马氏体/奥氏体（M/A）岛、第二相的析出行为以及晶界取向差、有效晶粒尺寸进行研究,揭示回火后低碳贝氏体钢冲击韧性得到改善的原因.结果表明:两种试样的组织均由板条状贝氏体、粒状贝氏体和针状铁素体组成,其中回火态试样中针状铁素体组织较多.热轧态钢中存在较大尺寸M/A岛且呈方向性分布,大角度晶界比例占17.33%,有效晶粒尺寸为3.57μm;而回火态钢中M/A岛的尺寸较小,大角度晶界比例增加3.43%,有效晶粒尺寸减小0.56μm.热轧态钢中析出相主要是（Nb,Ti）C,尺寸在50~150 nm之间,回火态试样中析出较多细小的球状（Nb,Ti）C析出相,尺寸在10 nm左右.      

异步轧制工业纯钛的组织与力学性能

采用异步轧制方式在室温下轧制TA1工业纯钛,获得平均晶粒尺寸小于300nm的超细晶组织,显著提升了材料的强度,并探讨了超细晶的形成和强化机制。经轧下量为87％的异步轧制后,材料内部形成均匀分布的狭长剪切带,组织中主要为等轴超细晶,亦存在少量拉长晶粒和小角度晶界;材料的显微硬度比原始热轧态提高了60％,抗拉强度提高至740MPa以上。     

LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板工艺、组织、织构与性能研究

进行了烧结、轧制工艺对比试验,研究了粉末粒度、形貌和烧结工艺对大型钼烧结板坯组织和性能的影响;轧制方式对LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板微观组织、织构以及性能的影响,探讨了影响LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板组织、织构及性能的主要因素。结果表明：制备大型烧结钼板坯可选用颗粒大小较为均匀、分布疏松、粗细搭配合理的中等粒度钼粉;相比普通钼板坯而言,通过延长保温时间,1900℃高温氢气中频烧结,可制备轧制大尺寸钼靶材用大型钼板坯;LCD溅射靶材用大尺寸钼板轧制总加工率需大于70％;采用1火次多道次单向轧制工艺,正常轧制的LCD溅射靶材用长条形钼板再结晶退火后可得到均匀细小的等轴晶粒组织;由于纵向开坯轧制阶段的不均匀变形（非正常轧制）,导致包覆横轧得到的LCD溅射靶材用宽幅矩形钼板再结晶退火后组织不均匀,细晶粒和粗大晶粒并存;单向正常轧制的LCD溅射靶材用长条形钼板再结晶退火后近表层无明显优先织构取向。纵向开坯轧制,然后用包覆换向横轧得到的LCD溅射靶材用宽幅钼板再结晶退火后近表层存在较强的{0,0,1}〈1,-1,0〉、{0,0,1}〈6,-1,0〉和{0,1,1}〈1,0,0〉织构。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.