钛合金搅拌摩擦焊研究现状

搅拌摩擦焊是目前钛合金焊接技术研究的热点.从搅拌头材料与结构设计、焊接工艺与组织性能关系、焊接过程数值仿真等方面综述了钛合金搅拌摩擦焊国内外研究现状.以现有的研究结果来看,搅拌摩擦焊是实现钛合金高强可靠连接的有效途径,选择合适的焊接参数和焊后热处理工艺可获得高质量钛合金焊接接头;但由于对钛合金用高温高强高耐磨搅拌头研制...     

钛及钛合金搅拌摩擦焊研究进展

搅拌摩擦焊技术已经成功应用于铝合金等低熔点材料的焊接,但针对钛及钛合金等高熔点材料的研究仍在进行之中。从焊具设计、接头显微组织与力学性能和焊接过程仿真等方面综述了钛及钛合金搅拌摩擦焊国内外研究进展,为搅拌摩擦焊技术应用于钛及钛合金提供参考。     

钛及钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接技术综述

从搅拌摩擦焊用焊具、焊接工艺与组织结构演变、力学性能评价、腐蚀行为等方面综述了钛及钛合金搅拌摩擦焊国内外研究进展,并指出了搅拌摩擦焊技术的研究方向。     

钛合金搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头研究现状

搅拌摩擦焊在焊接钛合金这类高熔点金属方面具有很大优势,但是搅拌头的磨损一直是其一大难点。对钛合金搅拌摩擦焊中的搅拌头结构、材料选择进行了讨论,认为圆锥形搅拌针综合性能较好,而在材料选择方面,认为目前应用前景较好的是钨铼合金,但不同材料的组合可能更符合未来发展的方向。为了研究搅拌头的磨损机理及如何减小磨损,列举了几种辅助焊接工艺及目前应用较广的模拟仿真,指出辅助焊接工艺可减小搅拌头磨损,但目前工艺不完善等问题依然存在,需要进一步优化,包括模拟仿真在内,对于钛合金搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头结构、材料优化、磨损机理、辅助焊接工艺等研究均较少,限制了其研究进展及应用。     

外加能量辅助搅拌摩擦焊技术的研究进展

搅拌摩擦焊接已经成为材料成形领域主要的固相连接工艺技术。在简要回顾搅拌摩擦焊及其衍生焊接技术研发现状的基础上,综述了近年来国内外开展的第二能量辅助搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状,主要包括激光、电弧、感应、电流、超声等能量辅助搅拌摩擦焊技术。进而着重综述了超声振动辅助搅拌摩擦焊的研究进展,介绍了目前出现的3种超声振动在搅拌摩擦焊中的施加方式。最后,对外加能量辅助搅拌摩擦焊下一步的研发方向进行了展望。     

镁合金搅拌摩擦焊技术的研究进展

搅拌摩擦焊技术是近十几年发展起来的，适合于低熔点合金的一种新型焊接方法。由于镁合金具有密度小、比强度高、尺寸稳定性好等特点，目前镁合金的搅拌摩擦焊已经引起了越来越多的关注。综述了国内外镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接技术的研究现状，包括镁合金与同种及异种合金的连接技术，并展望了镁合金搅拌摩擦焊技术的发展趋势。     

钛合金搅拌摩擦焊焊具水冷系统设计与研究

目的针对钛合金搅拌摩擦焊过程中,搅拌头磨损严重的问题,研制一种搅拌头水冷系统。方法该水冷系统主要由转轴、保护盖、冷却水循环装置、冷却水管、引流罩等5部分组成。该装置结构简单、操作方便、装夹可靠。结果搅拌头磨损情况得到改善,在焊接0.5m后,搅拌头几乎无磨损,实现了钛合金的良好连接,所得接头焊核区最高硬度达HV527,显著高于母材。结论通过焊具水冷系统,可减少搅拌头的磨损,大大提高了接头质量和焊接效率。     

适用于机器人焊接的搅拌摩擦焊技术及工艺研究现状

集绿色化与智能化于一体的机器人搅拌摩擦焊技术具有极高的焊接柔性,在工业生产中受到广泛重视与应用。从减小搅拌摩擦焊接过程中的轴向力方面入手,对一些低轴向力且适用于机器人搅拌摩擦焊的技术方法进行了综述,同时,对能够进一步降低搅拌摩擦焊过程中轴向力的搅拌摩擦焊工艺进行了分析,并对机器人搅拌摩擦焊的发展进行了展望,以期拓宽机器人搅拌摩擦焊的应用范围。     

铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊研究进展

铝锂合金作为一种低密度、高性能的新型结构材料,被认为是航空航天领域中实现飞行器轻量化的理想结构材料之一。而搅拌摩擦焊作为一种固相焊接技术,能够克服铝锂合金熔化焊时易产生的裂纹、气孔等缺陷,在铝锂合金焊接领域具有重要的应用前景。从搅拌摩擦焊焊接工艺、接头组织与性能等方面综述了铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊近几年的研究进展,总结了其存在的主要问题,并对铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊技术未来的发展进行了展望。     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊研究现状及应用

搅拌摩擦焊是由英国焊接研究所发明的一种固相连接技术，可以对熔化焊接性差的铝合金进行可靠的连接，又具有诸多优点。介绍了搅拌摩擦焊工艺过程，分析了搅拌摩擦焊技术目前存在的优缺点，综述了铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的国内外研究现状和应用情况，指出搅拌摩擦焊为现代铝合金制造业提供了新的连接方法。     

Failure analysis of tungsten based tool materials used in friction stir welding of high strength low alloy steels

A non-consumable tool is a vital requirement for friction stir welding (FSW) of high melting point alloys such as steel and titanium. In this investigation, an attempt was made to understand the pre-weld and post-weld microstructural characteristics of three tungsten based alloy FSW tools viz. 90%W, 95%W and 99%W. High strength low alloy (HSLA) steel plates of 5 mm thickness were welded using the above tools with a tool rotational speed of 600 rpm and welding speed of 30 mm/min. Microstructural characteristics of the FSW tools, before and after welding, were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. From this investigation, it is found that the tool made of 99%W doped with 1% La₂O₃ exhibited microstructural stability due to absence of Fe–Co–Ni phase formation at elevated temperatures during FSW process.     

钛合金在航天飞行器上的应用和发展

主要介绍了高强韧钛合金、高温钛合金、低温钛合金和铸造钛合金及钛合金的先进成形技术在航天飞行器上的应用,指出了钛合金发展现状和趋势。其中对粉末冶金技术和超塑成形/扩散连接(SPF/DB)技术做了较详细的介绍。重点介绍了美国和俄罗斯的粉末冶金技术发展现状和我国粉末钛合金技术在多种型号产品研制中的应用情况。同时指出超塑成形/扩散连接新技术为克服钛合金成形昂贵又难以加工而受到限制的问题提供了新途径。     

Titanium alloy production technology,market prospects and industry development

Titanium alloy with a low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance and good process performance, is the ideal structural materials for the aerospace engineering. Based on the microstructure of titanium alloys, it can be divided into α-type titanium alloys (heat-resistant titanium alloys), β-type titanium alloys and α + β-type titanium alloys. The research scopes also include the fabrication technology of titanium alloys, powder metallurgy, rapid solidification technology, and other military and civilian applications of titanium alloys. Titanium and its alloys have become the ideal structural materials used for the fuselage, and accounted for a significant part of the structural quality in most military aircrafts. Titanium’s future market expectations need to be considered in the macro level market. Apart from the supply and demand trends of titanium market, it is necessary to consider the impact of technological innovations that can help to reduce the cost of titanium production.     

Establishing relationships between mechanical properties of aluminium alloys and optimised friction stir welding process parameters

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process for joining aluminium alloys and is employed in aerospace, rail, automotive and marine industries. In FSW, the base metal properties such as yield strength, hardness and ductility control the plastic flow of the material under the action of a rotating non-consumable tool. The FSW process parameters such as, the tool rotational speed, the welding speed and the axial force play a major role in deciding the weld quality. In this investigation, FSW joints were made using six different grades of aluminium alloys (AA1100, AA2219, AA2024, AA6061, AA7039, and AA7075) using different levels of process parameters. Macrostructural analysis was carried out to identify the feasible working range of process parameters. The optimal welding conditions to attain maximum strength for each alloy were identified using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Empirical relationships were established between the base metal mechanical properties of aluminium alloys and optimised FSW process parameters. These relationships can be effectively used to predict the optimised FSW process parameters from the known base metal properties (yield strength, elongation and hardness).     

国内外低温钛合金的开发与应用现状

本文主要概述了前苏联、美国、日本、中国等国家在低温钛合金开发的工作进展。指出了目前国内外低温钛合金的应用现状。提供了未来低温钛合金领域的主要发展方向包括降低生产制造成本、重视低温综合性能更佳的钛合金材料研发及其新型成形工艺研究。这将对我国低温钛合金行业的战略规划、技术研发、成果应用等工作的开展起到启示作用。     

钛合金技术引进中的知识产权分析研究

通过分析新型材料中钛合金材料专利与非专利技术的现状与发展,尤其针对钛合金技术专利申请情况、关键技术引进状态、关键技术分布、重点专利等,提出了钛合金材料关键技术的引进方向及知识产权保护策略,同时为该领域的研究与发展、专利风险规避和预警提供可靠的专利技术情报支撑。调研了国内武器装备钛合金关键技术引进现状及知识产权保护情况,重点开展了钛合金技术国内外专利情况分析以及关键技术引进中的知识产权保护现状分析,并通过图表的形式,明确了钛合金技术在引进过程中的可行性。研究成果可应用于武器装备新型材料的研发,为装备新型材料先进技术引进或借鉴提供依据。     

Establishing relationship between the base metal properties and friction stir welding process parameters of cast aluminium alloys

In friction stir welding (FSW), the material under the rotating action of non-consumable tool has to be stirred properly to get defect free welds in turn it will improve the strength of the welded joints. The welding conditions and parameters are differing based on the mechanical properties of base materials such as tensile strength, ductility and hardness which control the plastic deformation during friction stir welding. The FSW process parameters such as tool rotation speed, welding speed and axial force, etc. play a major role in deciding the weld quality. FSW Joints of cast aluminium alloys A319, A356, and A413 were made by varying the FSW process parameters and the optimum values were obtained. In this investigation, empirical relationships are established and they can be effectively used to predict the optimum FSW process parameters to fabricate defect free joints with high tensile strength from the known base metal properties of cast aluminium alloys.