Teachers at the crossroads: evaluating teaching in electronic environments

This article raises questions about the evaluation process for composition faculty who use computer and Internet technologies in the classroom, and for distance learning. In particular, I discuss the panoptic effect made possible by the accessibility of our class Web pages to administrators, and provide an example situation from which we might learn. I conclude with a set of practical recommendations on evaluating those who work with computer and Internet technologies for faculty and their departments.     

The body of Charlie Brown’s teacher: What instructors should know about constructing digital subjectivities

Although scholars from multiple fields, including rhetoric and composition, have studied and theorized how computer users can construct empowered subject positions with digital writing technologies, we have yet to articulate a rhetorical process for composing digital subjectivities. Past work has presented some unrealistic expectations related to digital empowerment and subjectivity. As compositionists and as digital rhetoricians, we need to develop and articulate rhetorical strategies that may lead to instructor empowerment. Here I examine rhetorical situations experienced by instructors, and I explore how they might use writing technologies to rhetorically position themselves in the classroom. To not only successfully revise their subjectivity, but also to teach students how to compose digital subjectivities, instructors should consider the ideologies that define the rhetorical situation, their knowledge of the technologies, and the ideologies that the computer industries have written into the technology.     

LAN and I/O convergence: a survey of the issues

Local area networks and computer I/O are both interconnects that move information from one location to another. Despite this shared purpose, LANs have traditionally connected independent and widely separated computers. In contrast, computer I/O has traditionally connected a host to peripheral devices such as terminals, disks, and tape drives. Because these connection tasks were different, the architectures developed for one task were not suitable for the other. Consequently, the technologies used to implement one architecture could not address the issues faced by the other, and the technologies were seen as fundamentally different. However, an examination of the architectural requirements of modern I/O and LANs shows that the differences between the two technologies are now disappearing. We believe that LAN and I/O architectures are in fact converging, and that this convergence reflects significant changes in how and where computing resources are used. To illustrate this convergence and its implications, this article examines several modern LANs and channels     

New I/O technologies seek to end bottlenecks

New processors, hard drives, memory chips, networking standards and other technologies are pushing the limits of computer capabilities. However, the improved performance these developments promise for PCs, servers, and even embedded systems is being choked at a bottleneck caused by input/output (I/O) technology, which has failed to keep pace. To cope with this problem, vendor groups are releasing new I/O platforms. The new technologies promise faster performance, reduced latency, reduced CPU computational load, and more efficient and reliable systems. However, as is the case with many new technologies, there are concerns. For example, industry observers speculate that the new I/O technologies could become so popular that companies may use them inappropriately, thereby reducing their effectiveness. In addition, some users are worried that the different technologies are incompatible or that bridges between technologies could add programming complexity     

Unlocking human potential through technical innovation.

Future innovations in computing technologies are just as likely to be driven by the outside demands for these technologies than by improvements driven from within the computer science community. In this regard, I define "computing" as the union of concerns including traditional computer science (such as systems, architecture, networking), human-computer interaction (HCI), graphics and animation, robotics, and theoretical foundations across the board. Alongside the formation of the College of Computing at Georgia Tech 15 years ago, the GVU Center for research was created to study, predict, and design future innovations in computing based on then unseen uses of computing technologies by enterprises not associated with computer science. Many research pundits at the time predicted that innovation would arise only from a technical agenda driven by rapid technology advances while people, evolutionarily speaking, would remain relatively unchanged. On the contrary, GVU's research agenda has evolved rapidly as people's capacity and desire for innovation has been almost without limits. In this article, I reflect on the evolving mission of this interdisciplinary research center, describing GVU's agenda going forward and how this agenda mirrors changes in the computing industry.     

Retrovirus-based computer

A practical intra-cellular biomolecular computer should work inside living cells without damaging them. The retrovirus-based biomolecular computer has been designed, by mimicking the natural processes of living cells, to enable the creation of a practical intra-cellular computer. Here, I review the idea of retrovirus-based computing, and examine its feasibility. This idea might lead to the development of new technologies not only for biological research, but also for medical purposes. In future, through the development of the in vivo retrovirus-based computer, gene diagnosis and gene therapy is expected to cooperatively work inside living cells, enabling intelligent gene therapy technology that uses biomolecular computing.     

Students’ views on technology and writing: The power of personal history

As scholars, writers, and teachers, I believe that we should try harder to understand students’ perspectives on the use of computers in their academic work. This article begins to provide a sense of students’ perspectives on questions of technology, thus presenting a fuller picture of the context within which we teach. Drawing on a variety of methods, including a survey and the writings of a small group of students enrolled in a Writing and Technology course, this article expresses some of these stories generally hidden from an instructor's perspective and reveals that, despite what the media might tell us, students are not as prepared to utilize technology as we might assume. Furthermore, the student narratives suggest that English departments and writing programs can play an important role in assisting students who are unfamiliar with computer technologies, helping them to gain the computer literacy they need to succeed at the university.     

YH-F2的处理机间通讯

银河仿真Ⅱ型机ＹＨ－Ｆ２是高性能的全数字仿真计算机，处理机间通讯是ＹＨ－Ｆ２采用的关键技术之一。本文分三个部分介绍了ＹＨ－Ｆ２的处理机间通讯：①处理机通讯指令，③处理机间数据传输，③Ｉ／Ｏ处理机ＩＯＰ与通讯控制处理机ＣＣＰ之间的通讯。     

YH－F2的处理机间通讯

银河仿真Ⅱ型机ＹＨ－Ｆ２是高性能的全数字仿真计算机，处理机间通讯是ＹＨ－Ｆ２采用的关键技术之一。本文分三个部分介绍了ＹＨ－Ｆ２的处理机间通讯：①处理机通讯指令，③处理机间数据传输，③Ｉ／Ｏ处理机ＩＯＰ与通讯控制处理机ＣＣＰ之间的通讯。     

P. Fishwick (Ed.) Aesthetic Computing, MIT Press, Cambridge, 2006, ISBN 0-262-06250-X.

The questions raised in the Preface hopefully provoke a deep thinking of aesthetic computing as possibly a new discipline:

to what extent can the traditional definitions of aesthetics in computing and art be interrelated and connected, with each informing the other? What roles can quality, subjectivity, and emotion play in mathematics and computing as ways to achieve a balance between form and function? What are effective social frameworks in which artists, designers, mathematicians, and computer scientists can collaborate in teams or in distributed networks?

The viewpoints expressed and many examples demonstrated in this book, some of which bear deep root in arts and sciences, are stimulating and of great interest to anyone who is interested in both computing (or mathematics) and art. I was slightly disappointed in not seeing any discussion on color and form, two essential dimensions of arts and design, for their roles in aesthetic computing, particularly in visualization and interface design. Aesthetic computing being a field of study may be premature. We have however come to a stage when we can “afford” thinking of this idea. This is because the modern computer graphics and interface technologies are so advanced that guidelines for effective yet enjoyable human–computer interactions are greatly needed.     

单片机抗干扰设计

介绍了单片机系统中常用的几种干扰抑制技术,实践表明,采用所介绍的单片机的抗干扰技术,可有效防止系统死机,明显提高单片机应用系统的可靠性。分析了单片机干扰的来源和特点,从计算机硬件和软件的概念出发,详细阐述了抗干扰的设计方法。     

Virtual environments and autism: a developmental psychopathological approach

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders supposedly have an affinity with information and communication technology (ICT), making it an ideally suited media for this population. Virtual environments (VEs) – both two‐dimensional and immersive – represent a particular kind of ICT that might be of special benefit. Specifically, this paper discusses the importance of psychological theory for VE designed for this population. I describe the contribution that different theories of autism (e.g., theory of mind, executive function, weak central coherence theory) have made and can make, as well as the potential of other non‐autism‐specific theories (e.g., embodied cognition). These technologies not only illuminate our understanding of autism, but they can also be used to develop new technologies for people without autism. So, as well as being an area of specialism, I argue that VE research in autism has extended – and will go onto – the boundaries of human–computer interaction more generally. This is because autism provides a unique window into human social communication and learning. Further, this field offers a chance for better inclusivity for individuals with autism within a digital society.     

Use of blogs in pre-service teacher education to improve student engagement

Web 2.0 technologies allow average computer users to be able to publish on the Internet without having to know complex computer technical knowledge, which gives these technologies powerful potential to facilitate student engagement in various learning environments. However, a knowledge gap exists in the literature related to factors affecting student engagement with Web 2.0 technologies. The purpose of this study is to understand factors affecting student engagement in a pre-service teacher education program that uses blogs to expand in-class discussions about technology integration. First year pre-service teachers in a mathematics education department participated in the study. Data were collected with a survey that was developed to measure student engagement with blog use. Results show that student motivation, reasons to use blog in the course, and level of challenge perceived by the students affect students' engagement with blog use. Gender and technical ability of students do not impact students' engagement. As a result, blogs can be utilized to expand in-class discussions equally well for all students.     

The Construction of the Multilingual Internet: Unicode,Hebrew, and Globalization

This paper examines the technologies that enable the representation of Hebrew on websites. Hebrew is written from right to left and in non‐Latin characters, issues shared by a number of languages which seem to be converging on a shared solution—Unicode. Regarding the case of Hebrew, I show how competing solutions have given way to one dominant technology. I link processes in the Israeli context with broader questions about the ‘multilingual Internet,’ asking whether the commonly accepted solution for representing non‐Latin texts on computer screens is an instance of cultural imperialism and convergence around a western artifact. It is argued that while minority languages are given an online voice by Unicode, the context is still one of western power.     

IT管理系统中采集管理子系统的设计与研究

现今社会,信息技术已经深入到人们生活和工作的各个领域,计算机应用系统已经被政府机构和各行各业广泛应用。本文首先介绍了IT管理背景知识和关键技术,通过分析IT管理模型提出了管理子系统的设计的具体过程,讨论了子系统结构、子系统各模块的设计。希望可以对IT管理系统的研究有所帮助。     

Virtual collaborations with the real: NASA's new era in space exploration

If new technologies can inspire a new understanding of our universe, we might ask how far and in what direction can computer science research itself be pushed? NASA is poised to play a significant role in answering this question. Traditionally, NASA has pointed the way for many new technologies. NASA has identified the directions that have led to the breakthroughs in flight and space flight that we now often take for granted, playing a key leadership role that has galvanized large research, development and industrial communities. NASA will need to play a similar role in tomorrow's computer science research, developing critical enabling technologies to support future missions. To play that role, NASA Ames Research Center has recently changed its research focus to computer science and artificial intelligence.     

Applications of automatic identification technologies across the I.E. curriculum

The prevailing focus on enterprise-wide integration rather than a narrow focus on the effectiveness of functional areas places more stringent requirements for data integrity as enabler for effective coordination of the activities required to carry out the functions necessary for attaining the organizational mission. Automatic Identification (Auto ID) technologies provide an avenue for attaining a totally integrative enterprise management. For this reason, it is imperative that the I.E. curriculum, under the coverage of systems approach to design and operation, be adequately infused the various Auto. ID technologies and concepts as they apply to the vast areas of interest in the field. These technologies are critical to the success of a number of key areas of particular interest to the industrial engineer, including automated manufacturing systems, distribution, inventory control and other computer facilitated activities related to enterprise integration. This paper focuses on bar-codes, and the approach that has been taken at the I.E. department at North Carolina A&T State University to achieve integration throughout the curriculum.     

大数据时代下计算机软件技术的应用探析

近年来,随着计算机互联网信息技术的蓬勃发展,我国已经进入大数据时代。在此背景之下,计算机软件技术已被广泛应用于各大领域和产业中。文章首先介绍了大数据时代计算机软件技术的发展现状,重点解析了现代计算机技术中几种常见的计算机软件技术类型,剖析了大数据时代计算机软件技术的实际应用价值,并探讨了大数据时代计算机软件关键技术的应用,旨在促进当代计算机软件技术更好地为人类社会和企业服务。     

大数据时代下计算机软件技术的应用探析

近年来,随着计算机互联网信息技术的蓬勃发展,我国已经进入大数据时代。在此背景之下,计算机软件技术已被广泛应用于各大领域和产业中。文章首先介绍了大数据时代计算机软件技术的发展现状,重点解析了现代计算机技术中几种常见的计算机软件技术类型,剖析了大数据时代计算机软件技术的实际应用价值,并探讨了大数据时代计算机软件关键技术的应用,旨在促进当代计算机软件技术更好地为人类社会和企业服务。     

Computing Attachments: Engelbart's Controversial Writing Technology

Douglas Engelbart's innovative computer system afforded controversial writing and computing practices that continue to sharply contrast with standard ways of writing with computers today. Using actor-network theory (ANT), this article traces the history of the computer system developed by Engelbart in the late 1960s, highlighting the previously contentious state of computer hardware and software used for writing that we now take largely for granted. Pushed aside in favor of computer systems more oriented toward print practices, Engelbart's project illustrates the difficulties such disruptive technologies face in terms of widespread adoption. Although all technologies require robust infrastructures for their continued existence, innovative projects are especially likely to be dismissed if they lack supportive networks. This article argues that increased attention to nonhuman actors such as computer hardware and software, and the support they need, can lead to more detailed understandings of their role in literate activities.