一种可重构的工作流执行模型

为提高工作流系统的适应性和可维护性,提出了一种可重构的工作流执行模型。该模型面向活动行为的相异性和动态性,把活动状态作为描述过程状态的特征,给出了过程状态的形式化定义,建立了过程状态间的层次化关系与优先级关系。在该基础上,严格地给出了基于基本特征集和基于相容特征集的过程状态精化方法,设计了自动生成过程状态转移关系的算法。最后,结合实际应用讨论了一种基于规则的执行模型可重构性实现方法。应用该方法能够提高工作流管理系统适应企业业务过程需求快速变化的能力。     

A distributed server architecture supporting dynamic resource provisioning for BPM-oriented workflow management systems

Workflow management systems have been widely used in many business process management (BPM) applications. There are also a lot of companies offering commercial software solutions for BPM. However, most of them adopt a simple client/server architecture with one single centralized workflow-management server only. As the number of incoming workflow requests increases, the single workflow-management server might become the performance bottleneck, leading to unacceptable response time. Development of parallel servers might be a possible solution. However, a parallel server architecture with a fixed-number of servers cannot efficiently utilize computing resources under time-varying system workloads. This paper presents a distributed workflow-management server architecture which adopts dynamic resource provisioning mechanisms to deal with the probable performance bottleneck. We implemented a prototype system of the proposed architecture based on a commercial workflow management system, Agentflow. A series of experiments were conducted on the prototype system for performance evaluation. The experimental results indicate that the proposed architecture can deliver scalable performance and effectively maintain stable request response time under a wide range of incoming workflow request workloads.     

Conceptual framework and architecture for service mediating workflow management

This paper proposes a three-layer workflow concept framework to realize workflow enactment flexibility by dynamically binding activities to their implementations at run time. A service mediating layer is added to bridge business process definition and its implementation. Based on this framework, we propose an extended workflow management systems architecture, in which service contracting layer, service binding layer and service invocation layer are extensions to support the proposed service mediating concept. According to an enactment specification, different instances of the same activity can be bound to different services to achieve enactment flexibility. The conceptual framework and architecture together provide a comprehensive approach to flexible service enactment in B2B collaborative settings.     

A computing coordination based fuzzy group decision-making (CC-FGDM) for web service oriented architecture

As the demands for faster data processing and enterprise computing are increasing, the traditional client/server architecture has gradually been replaced by Grid computing or the peer-to-peer (P2P) model which can share the content or resources over the network. In this paper, a new computing architecture – computing power services (CPS) – has been applied to utilize web services and business process execution language for overcoming the issues about flexibility, compatibility and workflow management. CPS is a lightweight web services based computing power-sharing architecture, and suitable for enterprise computing tasks which can be executed in the batch processes within a trusty network. However, a real-time load balance and dispatching mechanism is needed for distributed-computing architecture like CPS in order to handle computing resources efficiently and properly. Therefore, a fuzzy group decision-making based adaptive collaboration design for CPS is proposed in this paper to provide the real-time computation coordination and quality of service. In this study, the approach has been applied to analyze the robustness of digital watermark by filter bank selection and the performance can be improved in the aspect of speedup, stability and processing time. This scheme increases the overall computing performance and shows stability for the dynamic environment.     

面向服务的企业架构*

定义了面向服务的企业架构、业务过程和活动类型,分析了企业架构内涵的演化、概念框架和服务视角,并在传统企业建模、IT规划和企业架构的基础上提出了面向服务企业架构及其规划过程,为分析面向服务环境下企业的业务、IT及其一致性提供了公共的理解和交流基础,有助于企业实时监控IT架构运营状况,进而预测、评估和优化企业业务过程性能,实现企业间的业务过程协作建模与执行.     

多任务域工作流系统的设计和实现

针对现有的分布式工作流系统在企业应用中的不足和企业实际的需求,提出了一种多任务域结构的工作流系统实现框架,通过在系统中配置多个任务服务器的方式实现工作流流程的分布处理。结合工作流系统在J2EE平台上的实现,分析了它在性能、扩展性和实用性等方面的问题。实际的应用结果证实了多任务域结构的分布式工作流系统适用于企业业务过程管理。     

企业工作流机模型的设计

工作流机是一个为工作流实例的执行提供运行服务环境的软件或引擎。它是工作流执行服务的核心。是执行企业经营过程的业务操作系统的内核。它的运转也就带动了企业的经营活动。本文在调查企业的组织结构和业务过程下，着重研究和描述工作流组成与运行方法。     

Building a production planning process with an approach based on CIMOSA and workflow management systems

Nowadays, one of the major challenges for enterprises is to stay competitive in today's changing market environment. This can be supported by business process models which on one hand are consistent and adequate (requirement #1), and on the other hand can be enacted and operated in an easy, fast, straightforward and integrated way (requirement #2). The CIMOSA architecture provides the basis for business process modelling to fulfil both of the above requirements. It supports the creation of consistent process models and allows to identify almost all the information required for the development of a workflow model. These models can be implemented using one of the commercial workflow management systems. In this paper we present the methodology based on the CIMOSA architecture that we have developed to build a workflow model in ©Lotus Notes for the forecasting and production planning processes in a tiles manufacturing enterprise. The CIMOSA approach has also been used to design the necessary software applications for processing the information of the resulting workflow system.     

分布式工作流执行服务的设计与实现

工作流执行服务的实现方案是实施工作流技术最为关键的一个方面,工作流管理系统的应用特点决定了它必须与各种分布的、异构的应用进行通信或与其集成。为了给用户提供透明的工作流执行服务而隐藏工作流执行服务实现的复杂性,文章提出了一种具有三层层次结构的工作流执行服务实现方案,其中的分布式通信服务层由通信中间件实现,使开发者无需关心程序间通信的复杂性,从而将精力放在解决业务问题和优化业务逻辑方面,提高了应用开发的效率。     

工作流系统性能分析与优化方案

随着企业业务流程信息化建设的推进,对核心业务领域的流程化管理已成为实现信息化水平进一步提升的重要基础,工作流系统作为基础设施,其性能在一定程度上决定了业务流程流转的效率.本文通过对工作流系统性能的量化分析,得出其性能指标与数据库规模的量化关系,从而为性能优化工作提出关键因素和技术切入点,在此基础上,本文结合数据库机制对工作流性能优化方案进行了研究和实现,提出了一种有效的算法,实现了归档机制,从而达到提升工作流系统性能优化的最终目的.     

工作流参考模型研究与基于J2EE实现

实施工作流管理的主要目的是通过合理地调用和分配与活动有关的信息和资源来实现企业业务处理的高效、自动化执行.本文基于J2EE规范和工作流管理联盟规范,研究了抽象的工作流参考模型的功能组成部件、工作流执行服务、工作流执行引擎、接口以及接口间的信息交换,提出了一种由工作流引擎驱动的基于J2EE的框架实现,在此基础之上,工作流管理系统能很好地实现将企业业务处理过程中活动、信息及资源的调度策略集成到业务的自动协调操作中来.     

柔性工作流路径变更研究与应用

工作流的柔性问题已成为工作流系统适应业务需求不断变化的重要问题。工作流系统的应用分为建模阶段和运行阶段。现有工作流系统的静态路径已无法适应当前企业业务过程路径多变的需求,本文通过研究相关的理论方法与技术方案,分析运行阶段的路径变更问题,来提高工作流的柔性特性。本文对现有工作流路径回退算法进行改进,使其支持并行多步回退,解决工作流系统的动态路径问题,此外,还对当前大量应用的审批会签功能进行分析,提出一种运行中动态增加并行分支的解决方案,进一步提升工作流的路径柔性。最后结合实例进行验证,测试结果表明,系统能够根据业务需求变化及运行环境的变化对其自身路径进行动态调整,大幅提升工作流系统的柔性特性。     

一种基于SOA和JBPM的工作流引擎模型

工作流技术是实现业务流程自动化的关键技术,但现有的工作流技术已不能满足目前分布式异构和松散耦合的企业信息资源需求。利用SOA技术,结合JBPM,提出了一种基于SOA和JBPM的工作流引擎模型,并对其流程控制与任务管理进行了分析,最后,基于SOAP、WSDL协议和JPDL实现了此工作流引擎,证明了其有效性。     

Context-Aware, Proactive Delivery of Task-Specific Information: The KnowMore Project

From an IT point of view, a key objective of successful knowledge management is to provide relevant and necessary information at the right time to support humans in accomplishing their tasks. This paper presents a prototypical system which meets this objective in an enterprise environment. Based on context information associated with the enterprise's business processes, an integration of workflow engine and information assistant enables active presentation of relevant information to the user. We describe the functionality of the system and elaborate (i) on necessary extensions to the business process models, (ii) the ontologies used for information modeling, and (iii) the integration of workflow engine and active information assistant. The prototype system has been developed in the KnowMore project of the DFKI Knowledge Management Group.     

基于Spring容器的JBPM流程文件部署模型

随着软件开发技术的不断更新,工作流系统越来越多地应用到企业业务流程当中。Spring技术的成熟,使得如何高效地把JBPM框架整合进Spring框架成为了整个系统搭建的关键。在分析现有部署模型的基础上。结合流程构件开发中遇到的流程文件部署问题,提出了一种利用服务器启动参数控制部署信息并结合Spring Modules反转控制部署的部署模型,这个模型使流程文件部署独立于J2EE系统,对J2EE框架的集成更加松耦合。     

传统工作流管理系统在电子商务应用中的改进

分析了传统商业过程与电子商务活动过程的区别，阐述了传统工作流技术在电子商务活动中应用的局限性，提出了一种改进传统工作流管理系统的方法。总结了这种改进方法的优点并提出了未来的发展趋势。     

Interoperable enterprise systems: Principles, concepts, and methods

Interoperable enterprise systems (be they supply chains, extended enterprises, or any form of virtual organizations) must be designed, controlled, and appraised from a holistic and systemic point of view. Systems interoperability is a key to enterprise integration, which recommends that the IT architecture and infrastructure be aligned with business process organization and control, themselves designed according to a strategic view expressed in an enterprise architecture. The paper discusses architectures and methods to build interoperable enterprise systems, advocating a mixed service and process orientation, to support synchronous and/or asynchronous operations, both at the business level (business events, business services, business processes) and at the application level (workflow, IT and Web services, application programs).     

面向业务过程的企业应用集成方法

业务过程集成是企业应用集成的核心,文章根据企业业务过程集成的需要提出了面向业务过程的企业应用集成方法。并根据在业务过程集成中业务过程逻辑与应用过程逻辑相分离的原则,以J2EE应用服务器为集成平台通过利用JMS消息传递机制和基于JCA规范的连接器实现了应用系统之间的消息传递解偶和消除了不同应用系统对异构数据格式的依赖。     

基于Web Services 工作流管理系统的研究与应用

分析了工作流产品和技术在应用环境中所面临的模型内容有限、不能满足流程多样性的要求、柔性差、模型很难扩展、模型缺乏对分布环境的支持等问题,提出一种基于Web Services的工作流管理系统的实现方式;详细讨论了其体系结构、工作流引擎模型的设计;选择J2EE开发环境,借助JBuilder 9.0为开发平台,采用WebLogic8.11作为应用服务器,数据库采用Oracle 9i,采用客户端 Session Bean CMP的多层开发模式设计了一套供水企业营业管理系统。该系统具有运行可靠、高效、使用方便、可扩展和易维护的特点。