δ-层状结晶二硅酸钠合成

本文概述了6一层状结晶：二硅酸钠的性能、用途及发展趋势，对烧碱法制备层状结晶二硅酸钠工艺进行了探讨。固碱与石英在80-860℃反应0.5h埋合成水玻璃，在660-70℃锻烧固体硅酸网袋10-30min,使其发生晶型转化，得到钙，镁离子交换量大的δ晶型层状结晶二硅酸钠。     

片碱法合成层状结晶硅酸钠

对用片状烧碱制备层状结晶硅酸钠进行了探讨。片碱与石英在720～800℃反应0．6h时合成水玻璃;用3％的氯化钾作晶型转化剂,在560～600℃煅烧水玻璃10～40min,使其发生晶型转化,得到钙、镁离子交换量大的δ型层状结晶硅酸钠。     

层状结晶二硅酸钠在无磷浓缩洗衣粉中的应用

探讨了层状结晶二硅酸钠在无磷浓缩洗衣粉中的应用,着重讨论解决了层状结晶二硅酸钠的加入量、液体携带量、层状结晶二硅酸钠与沸石的复配、产品手感、产品流动性等问题。     

层状结晶二硅酸钠制备技术进展

介绍了近年开发的δ晶相、α晶相、β晶相层状结晶二硅酸钠的制备技术进展,包括产品纯度、生产原料、生产设备、节能降耗等。另外,还介绍了层状结晶二硅酸钠的改性技术进展,包括掺杂技术、柱撑插层技术、表面改性技术等。指出柱撑插层改性技术、低温合成技术以及开发纳米新材料技术是层状结晶二硅酸钠的发展方向。     

层状硅酸钠的制备及插层性能的研究进展

从晶体结构、制备工艺、插层改性和应用的角度,对层状硅酸钠的研究进行较全面阐述。介绍了层状硅酸钠存在的多种晶相及结构特点;指出了喷雾干燥结晶法或水热合成工艺在制备结晶层状硅酸钠中存在的技术问题;从反应类型的角度详细介绍了层状硅酸钠的插层改性技术和赋予改性层状硅酸钠丰富的功能性;分析了层状硅酸钠的不同晶相或改性技术在实际应用中的研究思路和存在问题,为层状硅酸钠的深度研究与开发指出方向。     

层状结晶二硅酸钠发展现状及技术进展

文章介绍了典型的层状硅酸钠,概述了层状结晶二硅酸钠的晶体结构、物化性能和作用机理.分析了层状结晶二硅酸钠的合成方法、国内市场开发现状以及市场应用情况.指出了层状结晶二硅酸钠的技术进展情况以及目前存在的主要问题.对层状结晶二硅酸钠的健康稳定发展提出了建议.     

新一代洗涤助剂—二硅酸钠综述

文章介绍了新一代洗涤剂助剂－层状二硅酸钠的研究与开发情况,以及它的优良助洗特性,和δ型层状结晶二硅酸钠的制造方法。     

开发层硅酸钠蕴含商机

层硅酸钠,即层状结晶硅酸钠,常见的无水二硅酸盐分子式为Na2Si2O5,存在形式有α、β、γ、δ等4种晶体结构,可采用水热法或熔融法制备.如制备δ型的层硅酸钠,先用石英砂和纯碱按一定的摩尔比混合,高温熔融后制得固体水玻璃,然后再将其用水溶解成液体产品,再经喷雾干燥成粉状无定形二硅酸钠,在600～800℃条件下转晶即得δ型层硅酸钠.     

用于生产结晶层状二硅酸钠的改进方法

1技术领域本发明涉及一种用于生产结晶层状二硅酸钠的方法。2背景技术本发明涉及一种用于生产结晶层状二硅酸钠的方法,更具体地涉及包括以下步骤的生产结晶层状二硅酸钠的改进方法：在某些粘合剂如水和硅酸钠水溶液的存在下,按照无水硅酸钠碎料（一种起始原料）的一定比率制备出颗粒,随后将这些颗粒进行结晶,     

层状结晶二硅酸钠的合成与改性

以工业水玻璃和氢氧化钠为原料制得层状结晶二硅酸钠并进行改性,以提高其水热稳定性。利用FT-IR,WXRD和SEM对层状结晶二硅酸钠的结构和形态进行表征,并对其基本性能进行了研究,探讨了煅烧温度、煅烧时间、改性剂种类和加入量对该层状结晶二硅酸钠性能的影响。最佳工艺条件:煅烧温度为725℃、煅烧时间为30 min。层状结晶二硅酸钠的钙镁交换容量分别为363 mg/g和434 mg/g,抗酸能力为9.32 mmol/g。改性的效果以采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)和铝盐复合改性为最佳,其最佳加入量分别为层硅理论产量的1%和2%(以上均为质量分数),经复合改性后明显提高了产品的水热稳定性。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。