La2O3对镦粗Mo棒的横向组织和塑性的影响

利用锻造镦粗工艺制备了高横向塑性的纯Mo和Mo-La2O3棒,检测了其在不同温度退火后的横向弯曲性能并观察了其组织结构。结果表明:纯Mo棒经锻造镦粗变形85%后横向具有较好的塑性,延伸率达到了5%;而同状态下的Mo-La2O3棒只有2%。这是因为此状态下纯Mo棒中的位错可动性要好。随着退火温度的升高,纯Mo棒和Mo-La2O3棒的横向塑性都逐渐升高,Mo-La2O3棒的最大横向延伸率大于纯Mo棒(超过10%)。Mo-La2O3棒横向塑性的提高与La2O3粒子钝化微裂纹有关。在退火过程中,镦粗纯Mo棒和Mo-La2O3棒都发生了回复再结晶过程,位错组态变化一致,镦粗过程中产生了大量位错胞,随着退火温度的升高而逐步消失。     

EFFECT OF La_2O_3 ON THE RECRYSTALLIZATION OF MOLYBDENUM WIRES

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掺杂方式对Mo-La2O3合金组织和力学性能的影响

分别采用液．固和液．液掺杂方式向钼粉中引入氧化镧，烧结出Mo-La2O3合金，通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察，研究了不同掺杂方式制备的Mo-La2O3合金中第二相粒子的粒度分布和形貌，分析了第二相粒子在钼基体中的分布规律，检测了钼丝的拉伸性能，通过位错塞积理论讨论了La2O3颗粒形貌和分布对Mo-La2O3拉伸性能的影响机制。结果表明：液．液掺杂方法能够使钼基体中的La2O3粒子均匀分散，细化La2O3粒径；直径0．6mm、液．液掺杂钼丝的拉伸性能优于液-固掺杂钼丝。     

Mo-La2O3板材室温拉伸变形与断裂研究

采用粉末冶金和压力加工方法制备了不同La2O3含量Mo-La2O3板材。Mo-La2O3板材和纯铝(PMo)板材经高温热处理后在室温下进行静态拉伸试验。结果表明,La2O3的添加不仅提高了铝板的强度,而且对铝板的延性具有显著的改善作用,Mo-La2O3板材的纵向塑性在20％以上,最高达到46％。采用SEM和TEM的观察结果对铝板的拉伸行为进行了解释。     

热处理温度对镧钼丝组织与性能的影响

系统研究了纯钼丝和镧钼丝在不同温度下进行热处理后的组织与性能。结果表明，La2O3是镧在钼丝中的唯一存在形式，镧的添加，提高了丝材的室温强度和再结晶温度，改善了再结晶后的室温脆性，其综合性能明显高于纯钼丝。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米复合Mo-La2O3阴极

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出平均粒径小于60nm的Mo-La2O3粉末。将所制备出的纳米复合Mo-La2O3粉末经冷压、热压工艺后烧结成纳米复合Mo-La2O3阴极。发现用溶胶-凝胶法制备的Mo-La2O3阴极组织均匀，晶粒细小，La2O3粒子晶粒大多在100nm以下，且弥散分布在晶内及晶界上。在燃弧实验中发现用溶胶．凝胶法制备的纳米复合Mo-La2O3阴极击穿点分布存阴极表面的大部分面积上，烧蚀坑浅，且击穿优先发生在La2O3相上。     

Effects of shape and size of second phase on mechanical properties of sintered Mo-Y2O3 alloys

The morphology and size of second phase greatly influence the strengthening effect on oxidation dispersion strengthened Mo alloys. In this work, a novel nanostructuring strategy is adopted to modify the second phase of Y₂O₃, and the corresponding effects of particle shape and size on mechanical properties of sintered Mo-Y₂O₃ alloys were investigated. It is found that spherical particles with sizes below 200 nm are preferred due to the dominant intragranular distribution of second phases associated with better strengthening effect originating from dislocation pinning. With smaller particle size of Y₂O₃ nanospheres (105 nm), the tensile strength of corresponding Mo alloy is enhanced by about 43.8%, much higher than that (8.3%) reinforced by second phase nanospheres with larger particle size (322 nm). Meanwhile, with similar particle size (around 100 nm), the spherical shape exhibits better strengthening effect than the one reinforced by one-dimensional rod-like second phase.     

Thermionic properties of Mo-La_2O_3 cathode wires

The recent advances in Mo-La2O3 thermionic cathode materials were presented. It is shown that Mo-La2O3 cathode has better ductility, radioactive pollution-free, excellent thermionic electron-emission properties and lower operating temperature compared with W-ThO2 cathode. At operating temperature 1350～1400℃, the average saturation current of the Mo-La2O3 cathode is 118mA, the corresponding average current density is 367mA/cm2, and the average emission efficiency is 11.8mA/W. The lifetime of diode is more than 2000h when the stable emission current is 80mA. Moreover, the lifetime of practical 6T51-type triode is more than 1000h. These advances show that the Mo-La2O3 cathode electron tube is closer to industry application.     

Surface Carbonization of Mo-La2O3 Cathode

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Mo-La_2O_3烧结坯间隙杂质的研究

通过扫描电镜 (SEM)、电子探针 (EPMA)、X射线衍射 (XRD)及俄歇电子能谱 (AES)研究了 Mo- La2 O3烧结坯中的间隙杂质。结果表明 :L a2 O3的加入提高了烧结钼坯的抗弯强度和韧性。间隙杂质不仅存在于 Mo中 ,而且在 La2 O3粒子表面吸附 ,使晶界杂质浓度降低。     

Mo—La2O3烧结坯间隙杂质的研究

通过扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）及俄歇电子能谱（ＡＥＳ）研究了Ｍｏ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３烧结坯中的间隙杂质。结果表明：Ｌａ２Ｏ３的加入提高了烧结睛坯的抗弯强度和韧性。间隙杂质不驻存在于Ｍｏ中,而且在Ｌａ２Ｏ３粒子表面吸附,使晶界杂质浓度降低。     

Preparation and characterization of Mo/Al2O3 composites

In order to improve the performance of molybdenum, the Mo/Al₂O₃ composites were prepared by using a hydrothermal method for the synthesis of the precursor powders and subsequent powder metallurgical processing. The morphologies of the composite powders and the microstructures and properties of the composites were investigated. Compared with the pure Mo powder, the grains of composite powders are smaller because of the existence of the fine Al₂O₃ particles. The results from the sintered composites show that the fine Al₂O₃ particles are evenly distributed in the Mo matrix and well bonded with the Mo matrix. With increasing Al₂O₃ content, all the values of the micro-hardness, compressive strength and flow stress at 0.08 strain are increased. The strengthening effect is more remarkable at elevated temperatures. At room temperature, the compressive strength and the flow stress at 0.08 strain of the composite with 40 vol.% Al₂O₃ are 1.67 and 2.01 times greater than those of pure molybdenum, respectively, while the values are up to 2.02 and 2.52 at 1100 °C.     

W-1%La2O3合金的显微组织分析

通过X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对聚变堆面向等离子体候选材料W-1%La2O3合金的显微组织进行了研究。结果表明:与纯钨相比,添加了1%La2O3的钨合金组织致密,孔隙与晶界裂缝消失,大量颗粒弥散在钨合金基体上。进一步的化学成分分析并结合电子衍射花样发现,在这些颗粒中不仅存在La2O3以及钨的氧化物,还存在一种镧的钨酸盐La2(WO4)3及非晶态颗粒。同时讨论了W-1%La2O3合金的韧性和存在颗粒的可能形成过程。     

家用微波炉磁控管用碳化La2O3-Mo阴极

研究了家用微波炉磁控管碳化La2 O3 Mo阴极 ,参照碳化ThO2 W阴极磁控管的制作工艺 ,成功实现了La2 O3 Mo阴极的碳化以及碳化La2 O3 Mo阴极磁控管的去气、激活。碳化La2 O3 Mo阴极的微波能量输出功率为 5 0 0W ,而同类型的碳化ThO2 W阴极磁控管的额定微波能量输出为 90 0W。通过分析认为 ,碳化La2 O3 Mo阴极磁控管微波输出能量不足的主要原因在于碳化La2 O3 Mo阴极材料本身的电子发射能力不足。     

Al2O3/Cu复合材料强化机理研究

采用内氧化法制备了Al2O3／Cu复合材料，进行了高温电子拉伸实验，并通过微观组织观察，分析了该复合材料的强化机理。拉伸实验结果显示：Al2O3／Cu复合材料不仅室温强度很高，而且高温时仍保持较高的强度。微观组织观察分析表明：细小的Al2O3颗粒的弥散分布是该复合材料具有高强度的主要原因，表现在：Al2O3颗粒存在能够抑制Cu基再结晶的进行；Al2O3颗粒的存在阻碍晶界亚晶界运动，从而阻碍晶粒长大；Al2O3颗粒的阻碍位错运动，增加位错密度；Al2O3颗粒的存在提高材料的蠕变抗力。     

钼镧合金板材料舟的研制及其断裂行为分析

研究掺杂稀土镧的钼粉经压型、烧结、交叉换向轧制而成的钼镧合金板热冲压钼舟变温变载下的力学行为,探讨高温退火后析出物的弥散分布对钼镧合金板材力学性能的影响及加热制度对合金板材冲压成型性能的影响,分析料舟的断裂机制.研究表明,弥散分布的La2O3明显提高了钼板再结晶温度与力学性能,交叉轧制降低了板材纵向和横向力学性能的差异,有利于钼镧合金板的冲压成型;对2.8 mm厚Mo-1.0％La2O3合金板及冲压模具在550℃进行加热,将得到最大的冲压变形量;钼舟在18管炉内承受变温变载荷长期运行后,由于材料内部的空位迁移与滑移面上的位错滑移导致的韧窝撕裂,使料舟最终发生了宏观断裂.     

La2O3-Gd2O3-Mo secondary emission material

A new kind of materials La2O3-Gd2O3-Mo has been produced by powder metallurgy method.The composition and microstructure of the material were studied by XRD and SEM.It shows that no chemical reaction takes place among La2O3,Gd2O3,Mo and the rare earth oxides exist along molybdenum grain boundaries and in the pores.The emission property measurement results of this material show that adding rare earth oxide into molybdenum can improve the secondary emission coefficient of the emitter,and the emission property depends on the activation temperature.After La2O3-Gd2O3-Mo was activated at 1360℃,the maximum secondary emission coefficient can be high to 2.62,which has exceeded that for practical uses(2.0).     

THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF Mo-La_2O_3 THERMIONIC CATHODE WIRE

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INVESTIGATION ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERITIES OF CORED WIRE ARC SPRAYED Al/Al 2 O 3 COATINGS

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Mo(Si_(1-x)Al_x)_2/Al_2O_3复合材料的制备与强韧化

以Mo、Al、Si和Mo O_34种粉末为原料,通过燃烧合成和真空热压烧结工艺原位制备了(Si_(1-x)Al_x)_2/Al_2O_3复合材料,分析了其燃烧模式、产物相结构、微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:添加Al之后坯体的燃烧合成反应更加剧烈,燃烧模式由螺旋模式转入混沌模式。随着合金化Al含量的增加,基体相结构由C11_b型Mo Si_2转变为C40型Mo(Si,Al)_2,并且在所有复合材料中都可以鉴别出Al_2O_3衍射峰,表明通过燃烧合成技术原位制备了Mo(Si_(1-x)Al_x)_2/Al_2O_3复合材料。复合材料的断裂韧性和抗弯强度最高分别达到4.25 MPa·m~(1/2)和346 MPa,比纯Mo Si_2提高了39%和60%。复合材料的强韧化机制主要有Al合金化强韧化、Al_2O_3第二相颗粒弥散强韧化、玻璃相的消除以及断裂方式的转变。