Anomalous Effect of Porosity upon Electrical Properties of Fe-Based Samples Made by Powder Metallurgy

The microstructure of an automobile gear made by the powder metallurgy process was studied using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy with further computer analyzing of images. The investigation of the electrical properties of the gear was done employing standard resistivity measurements and analyzed using an original method to determine the local orientation of the electric field. This last method provided us with the distribution of the electric current lines, which clearly reflects the local anisotropy and fractures in the material. We found that the electric resistivity in the specimens studied is extremely sensitive to the porosity of the material. It is shown that none of the existing theories of the electric conductivity of composite materials, including the Maxwell theory and the frequently used brick model, are able to explain this supersensitive dependence on porosity. A new approach is developed, taking into account the anisotropic character of the material. The results of this modeling have shown a good agreement with experimental results. The new method of electric field mapping may be recommended for investigation of the other structural materials. The model developed might be useful, in particular, for a discussion of the influence of the pores on their mechanical properties.     

粉末冶金法制备Mo-Cu合金及其性能的研究

Mo-Cu合金具有优良的导热、导电性能,与陶瓷基片良好匹配的热膨胀系数,被广泛用作热沉材料和电子封装材料。采用粉末冶金法制备了Mo-Cu合金材料,研究了烧结工艺对Mo-25Cu合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,Mo-25Cu合金最佳烧结工艺为烧结温度1200℃和保温时间2h。合金的抗弯强度和硬度分别为554 MPa和56HRA,电阻率为3.7×10-8Ω·m,热导率为138 W·m-1·K-1。     

FeSO4对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料性能的影响

研究了FeSO4对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料性能的影响.结果表明,摩擦材料中添加FeSO4产生了较好的润滑效果.在烧结过程中FeSO4发生分解生成SO2和Fe2 O3,SO2与基体材料中的金属反应生成FeS、MnS等金属硫化物.随着FeSO4含量增加,材料的密度与硬度逐渐降低;在MM-1000摩擦试验机上进行摩擦性能测试,结果表明随着FeSO4含量的增加,摩擦副摩擦系数降低;当材料中FeSO4含量为4%时,金属陶瓷摩擦材料具有最佳的摩擦磨损性能.     

冲击载荷下铜基粉末冶金(Cu-PM)多孔材料的动态应力-应变特性研究

粉末冶金多孔材料具有较低的密度和弹性波速，对其施加动态压缩实验具有一定的难度。本文在分析该材料的各种特性后，在对该材料进行动态测试时，采用半导体应变片技术等方法，得出该材料在冲击荷载作用下的应力应变曲线。填补了该粉末冶金材料动态性能数据的空白，为工程应用提供了可靠的实验数据。     

渗铜量对铁基粉末冶金气门座圈材料微动磨损性能的影响

采用压制-烧结-熔渗工艺,制备一种高性能铁基粉末冶金气门座圈材料,在SRVⅣ摩擦磨损试验机上对比研究不同渗铜量下材料的微动磨损性能。结果表明:在一定范围内随着渗铜量的增加,试样密度、硬度及压溃强度显著提高,摩擦因数与磨损体积降低,磨损机理发生不同程度的变化。未渗铜或渗铜量低时,试样磨损机理主要表现为磨粒磨损及疲劳剥落;渗铜量为10%(质量分数,下同)的试样磨损机理为轻微磨粒磨损和疲劳剥落;渗铜量为15%的试样表现出最优抗微动性能,仅有轻微黏着磨损;当渗铜量达20%时,试样力学性能下降,磨损体积增大,磨损机理转变为以黏着磨损为主。渗铜后的试样抗微动磨损性能更优异。     

粉末冶金法制备稀土锌铝合金的研究

本文研究了一种制备稀土锌铝合金的新方法——粉末冶金法(快速凝固技术 温压烧结技术)及其制备的合金的形貌与力学性能。利用金相显微镜和SEM研究了合金的形貌，利用EDS和XRD研究了合金的成分，并测定了合金的密度和硬度。本研究开拓了一种稀土锌铝合金材料制备的新方法；本方法制备的锌铝合金组织成分均匀，无偏析产生，且与传统脆性锌铝合金不同，其具有良好的塑性。本研究的稀土锌铝合会块材料比传统浇注法生产的锌铝合金的硬度更为均匀，且有10％～20％左右的提高；在密度方面，本方法制备的材料比传统的锌铝合金材料降低约16％。     

粉末冶金法制备钛基生物医学材料的研究进展

综述了国内外用粉末冶金方法制备钛基生物材料的研究进展以及应用情况,介绍了目前粉末冶金新技术如注射成型、放电等离子烧结法制备Ti生物材料,综述了常规烧结法、燃烧合成法、纤维烧结法等制备多孔Ti生物材料的进展,论述了粉末冶金方法制备Ti合金-陶瓷复合材料的研究动态。指出将材料科学与生物科学结合起来是今后的发展方向。     

Characterization of Properties of Cryogenically Treated Al-SiC Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

The basis of this research was an exploration of the fundamental phenomena that determine the response of silicon carbide-reinforced aluminium composite material to thermal cycling between cryogenic and ambient temperatures. This analysis began with a phenomenological approach that investigated the role of the production, processing, and machining of composite materials, and led to study of their mechanical behavior at cryogenic temperatures. Electric discharge machining was done on the composite specimens and mathematical models were developed for predicting the machining parameters such as metal removal rate, tool wear rate, and surface roughness. A five-level factorial design was chosen for experimentation and mathematical models were developed using the software DOE-PC IV. An analysis of variance technique was used to calculate the regression coefficients and to check the significance of the models developed. This approach provided an understanding of how temperature and vol.% of SiC influence composite machining behavior. The hardness, wear resistance, and tensile property are high for cryo-treated specimens and these properties reduce with increase in temperature. The properties also increase with increasing % of SiC reinforcements. The microstructures of the wear specimens show worn-out layers and grooves formed in the debris. The cryo-treated and the higher reinforced specimens exhibit less material removal and tool wear rate and this increases with increase in temperature. There is a relatively higher surface roughness when there is greater material removal.     

粉末冶金制备大块非晶合金研究进展

粉末冶金作为制备大块非晶合金的主要方法之一,与快速冷凝相比,该方法可以在更广的合金系、更宽的成分范围内制备出尺寸更大、形状复杂、近净成形的大块非晶合金材料,因此粉末冶金是一种极具前景的大块非晶合金的制备方法.简要介绍了粉末冶金制备大块非晶合金的基本过程,详细阐述了各种成形技术的特点、原理、优缺点以及制备大块非晶合金的研究进展,期望为非晶、纳米晶粉末的致密化研究和制备大块非晶合金提供技术指导.     

WC颗粒增强Fe基粉末冶金复合材料研究进展

介绍了WC颗粒增强Fe基粉末冶金复合材料,讨论了WC颗粒增强Fe基粉末冶金复合材料的WC含量、组织结构、制备工艺、WC颗粒形貌及强韧化机理,并指出研发一种短流程、低成本的高性能WC颗粒增强Fe基粉末冶金复合材料及其制备工艺是Fe基复合材料未来发展的趋势之一。     

Mechanical Properties of a Low-thermal-expansion Aluminum/Silicon Composite Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Al matrix composite containing high volume fraction silicon has been promising candidate for lightweight and low-thermal-expansion components.Whereas,optimization of its mechanical properties still is an open challenge.In this article,a flexile powder metallurgy processing was used to produce a fully dense Al—4.0Cu(wt%) alloy composite reinforced with 65 vol.%Si particles.In this composite,Si particles were homogenously distributed,and the particle size was refined to the range of 3—15 μm.Tensile and flexural strength of the composite were 282 and 455 MPa,respectively,about 100%and 50%higher than the best properties reported in literature.The measured fracture toughness of the composite was 4.90 MPa m~(1/2).The improved strength of 65%Si/AI was attributed to the optimized particle characteristics and matrix properties.This investigation is expected to provide a primary understanding of the mechanical behaviors of Si/AI composites,and also promote the structural applications of this low-thermal-expansion material.     

粉末冶金TiVNbTa难熔高熵合金的组织和力学性能

将机械合金化(MA)与放电等离子烧结(SPS)相结合制备了难熔TiVNbTa高熵合金,研究了这种合金的机械合金化过程、相组成和显微组织,以及烧结温度和O、N含量对其力学性能的影响。结果表明:机械合金化后高熵合金粉末为BCC结构,放电等离子烧结成的块体高熵合金由BCC基体和FCC析出相组成,其析出相为TiN+TiC+TiO的复合物。烧结温度为1100℃的高熵合金具有良好的综合力学性能,压缩屈服强度达到1506.3 MPa,塑性应变为33.2%。随着烧结温度的提高,合金发生了从准脆性到塑性再到脆性断裂的转变。O和N含量的提高对高熵合金强度的影响较小,但是使其塑性显著降低。     

粉末冶金钛合金的应用现状

简要介绍了粉末冶金钛合金的特性,从应用的角度总结了粉末冶金钛合金的材料体系,主要技术和产品的发展现状和趋势,回顾了粉末冶金钛合金在航空、航天、航海、汽车工业、医疗及生物、储氢合金等方面的应用。最后针对国内粉末冶金钛合金的市场发展和需求,讨论分析了国内粉末冶金钛合金材料的发展重点和方向。     

原始颗粒边界对粉末热等静压成形FGH97合金性能的影响

目的 基于粉末冶金近净成形工艺,研究原始颗粒边界（PPBs）对FGH97合金力学性能的影响,并验证热处理和二次热等静压工艺能否消除PPBs。方法 采用等离子旋转电极雾化法制备FGH97合金粉末,分别在1 200℃/120 MPa/2 h和1 200℃/140 MPa/3 h条件下进行热等静压成形。先后对FGH97合金进行固溶（1 200℃/4 h/炉冷）和时效（910℃/3 h/空冷+750℃/8 h/空冷+700℃/17 h/空冷）热处理,并对热处理后的样品进行二次热等静压（制度为1 200℃/140 MPa/3 h）。对上述实验前后的FGH97合金显微组织进行表征,使用Photoshop软件计算PPBs的占比,研究热处理和二次热等静压工艺对PPBs的消除作用。结合力学性能测试研究PPBs对合金性能的影响。结果 当采用压力更高、保温时间更长的热等静压制度时,制备得到的FGH97合金PPBs占比更少、力学性能更好,其PPBs占比为5.6%,室温抗拉强度为1 412 MPa,屈服强度为947 MPa,伸长率为16%。经热处理后,FGH97合金中PPBs的占比下降至3.0%,该合金在650...     

粉末冶金制备Fe-Al金属间化合物材料研究进展

回顾了近年来用粉末冶金方法制备Fe-Al金属间化合物及其复合材料的研究进展,简述了制备Fe-Al的粉末冶金方法,如无压烧结,机械合金化,热压烧结,热等静压,自蔓延高温合成及放电等离子烧结等的特点及其应用概况,并对其未来研究与应用进行了展望.     

粉末冶金法制备铝基复合材料的研究

论述了铝基复合材料研究和发展的概况,简要介绍了非连续增强铝基复合材料常用的几种制备方法,包括挤压铸造法、原位反应法、搅拌铸造法和粉末冶金法等,并重点针对粉末冶金法做了系统的阐述,包括这种方法的优势、具体的制备工艺、材料性能的影响因素及研究进展等。最后,展望了粉末冶金法进一步用于制备非连续增强铝基复合材料的前景。     

网带炉的改进设计

介绍了新型网带式粉末冶金烧结炉的工作原理，结构特点。该炉从电气控制设计上采用了先进的自动控制技术，控温精度大幅提高，烧结工艺性能良好，生产能力大大提高，具有极好的经济性。     

Processing TiAl-Based Alloy by Elemental Powder Metallurgy

1. IntroductionTiAl based alloy has long been considered as apromising candidate for high temperature applications, because it has a high specific strength and goodhigh temperattire properties[1-31. The main methods for the preparation of TiAl based alloys includecasting and powder metallurgy. In general, thermomechanical treatment (such as forging and extrusion)and subsequellt heat treatment should be conductedfor cajst TiAl-based alloys in order to refine the coarsemicrostructure[4,5], whe…     

元素粉末法制备TiAl金属间化合物的研究进展

元素粉末冶金因具有成本低、制备的合金组织均匀细小等优点而受到广泛关注。简要介绍了元素粉末法制备TiAl合金的研究进展,主要从反应机理、致密化行为和力学性能等方面进行综述。研究表明,Ti与Al元素的反应由扩散控制,借助TiAl3和TiAl2等中间相最终得到Ti3Al和TiAl相共存的反应产物。在高Nb–TiAl合金的Ti–Al–Nb三元系中,Nb元素主要通过形成中间产物——Nb–Al化合物最终均匀分布在基体相中。从原料和工艺两个角度总结了元素粉末法制备TiAl合金过程中影响致密化的因素,介绍了提高元素粉末法制备TiAl合金的热加工和力学性能的方法,总结了近年来元素粉末法制备TiAl合金的力学性能研究成果。目前来看,元素粉末法制备的TiAl合金力学性能已达到变形合金的水平。