The transverse tensile properties of boron fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites

The transverse tensile properties of boron fiber reinforced aluminum have been determined as a function of fabrication parameters, matrix alloy and fiber types, fiber content, specimen geometry, and thermal environment. Matrix alloys investigated include 2024, 6061, 5052, 5056, 2219, 1100, and Al-7 pct Si. The fibers investigated include 4.0 mil boron, 4.2 mil BORSIC, R.F. boron, 5.6 mil boron, 5.7 mil BORSIC, and 4.0 mil silicon carbide. It was shown that the composite transverse tensile performance is a function of all of these variables and that transverse strengths of up to 45,000 psi can be achieved by the choice of the proper combination of matrix, fiber type and fabrication procedures.     

涂覆颗粒增强耐热铝基复合材料的力学及摩擦磨损性能

研究了经真空热压、热挤压工艺制备的涂覆颗粒(化学涂层工艺)增强Al-Fe-V-Si耐热铝合金基复合材料在不同温度下的力学性能与摩擦磨损性能.实验结果表明:涤覆后的SiC_p与基体结合更加牢固,涂覆层(Ni)的加入降低了材料内部颗粒(SiC_p)与基体(Al-Fe-V-Si)之间的孔隙,10％SiC(Ni)/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料在室温的断裂强度分别比基体和10％SiC_p/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料增加了62.15％和2.82％,在400℃时分别增加了55.3％和28.6％.复合材料耐磨性能比增强体未涂覆复合材料大大提高,在载荷50N,转速0.63 m/s的工况下,经增强体涂覆的铝基复合材料在300℃时为以磨粒磨损为主的磨损机制;高于350℃时,为以粘着磨损为主的磨损机制.     

A computer simulation on tensile strength of metal matrix composites reinforced with surface-Damaged fibers

The tensile behavior and strength of metal matrix composites reinforced with surface-damaged fibers was studied by means of the computer simulation technique. The simulation experiments were carried out for various combinations of the factors such as average flaw size, scatter of flaw size, and density of flaws for both cases of strong and weak interfacial bonding strengths. It was demonstrated that the strength of composite is reduced with increasing these factors for both cases, especially for the case of weak interfacial bonding strength.     

纤维类型和涂层对纤维增强MoSi2复合材料弯曲性能的影响

以短切碳纤维(Cf)和碳化硅纤维(SiCf)为增强相,并用化学气相渗透法对部分纤维进行炭涂层处理,采用热压法制备了4种纤维增强MoSi2基复合材料(SiCf-MoSi2、SiCf/C-MoSi2、Cf-MoSi2和Cf/C-MoSi2),研究了纤维类型及表面炭涂层对MoSi2基复合材料弯曲性能的影响.结果表明纤维的加入明显提高了MoSi2的抗弯强度,加入5%SiCf和5%Cf的复合材料的强度比纯MoSi2分别提高了9.0%和22.8%,Cf增强作用明显优于SiCf;纤维类型相同时,具有炭涂层的纤维增强效果更显著,5%Cf/C-MoSi2复合材料的强度最高,达到了364.7MPa,比纯MoSi2的强度提高了30%;扫描电镜分析表明,无炭涂层的SiCf与MoSi2基体间存在着明显的裂缝,炭涂层改变了纤维与基体的界面结合;有涂层纤维的断裂机制为首先脱粘然后拔出.     

碳纳米管增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

通过对多壁碳纳米管进行表面处理,用超声分散和模具浇注成型法制备了碳纳米管/环氧树脂纳米复合材料.研究了碳纳米管含量和表面处理对碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和断面形貌的影响,分析了碳纳米管对环氧树脂的增强机理.结果表明,随着碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度及模量先增加后减小;当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到最大值69.8MPa、136.9MPa和3.72GPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了33.9%、29.3%和4.8%;当碳纳米管的质量分数为1.5%时,拉伸模量达到最大值2050.5 MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了7.3%.     

涂覆颗粒增强耐热铝基复合材料的力学性能

应用新型化学涂层工艺(置换法),成功地制备出结合紧密、光滑的Ni涂SiC粉末;分析对比了两种不同涂层工艺原理及涂层效果;分析了不同SiC增强Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料物理和力学性能,结果表明:由于涂覆SiC与基体的结合更加牢固,较软的基体合金与过渡层Ni的结合而降低了增强体与基体合金之间的孔隙率,从而使10％Si(Ni)/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料在室温的断裂强度分别比基体和10％SiC_p/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料增加了62.15％和2.82％,在400℃时分别增加了55.3％和78.6％.     

Mechanical behavior and microstructure characterization of sinter-forged SiC particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites

A novel, low-cost sinter-forging approach to processing particle reinforced metal matrix composites for high-performance applications was examined. The microstructure of the sinter-forged composites exhibited relatively uniform distribution of SiC particles, which appeared to be somewhat aligned perpendicular to the forging direction. The degree of alignment and interparticle bond strength was not as high as that observed for the extruded composite. The sinter-forged composite exhibited higher Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength than the extruded material, but lower strain-to-failure. The higher modulus and strength were attributed to the absence of any significant processing-induced particle fracture, while the lower strain-to-failure was caused by poorer matrix interparticle bonding compared to the extruded material. Fatigue behavior of sinter-forged composites was similar to that of the extruded material. Fe-rich inclusions were extremely detrimental to fatigue life. Cleaner processing, which eliminated the inclusions, enhanced the fatigue life of the sinter-forged composites to levels similar to that of the extruded material.     

镀W碳纳米管增强Al基复合材料的力学性能与导电率

以羰基钨为前驱体,采用羰基热分解法在碳纳米管表面镀覆了金属W.利用球磨混粉和放电等离子体烧结制备了镀W碳纳米管(W-CNTs)/Al复合材料,并研究了球磨时间和W-CNTs含量对材料力学性能和导电率的影响.结果表明:球磨6h粉体烧结后致密度高达99.5％,接近完全致密;随球磨时间延长,W-CNTs/Al复合材料抗拉强度...     

碳纤维表面状态及其对复合材料剪切性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜观察了碳纤维表面的微观结构以及复合材料的截面形貌,分析了进口碳纤维和国产碳纤维的表面状态差异,以及此差异对碳纤维复合材料进行层间剪切强度(ILSS)的影响.结果表明进口碳纤维表面粗糙度更大,沟槽深度和宽度均大于国产碳纤维.在树脂基复合材料中,进口碳纤维与树脂基体结合更为紧密,固化后形成制件的孔隙率更低,其室温和高温层间剪切强度都高于相应国产碳纤维体系.因此,尽管表面处理会对碳纤维表面造成一定的影响,但处理后得到的高粗糙度表面是纤维在复合材料中形成较强界面的根本原因.     

超细SiC增强纯铝基复合材料显微组织与力学性能的研究

采用平均粒径为800nm的超细SiC颗粒作为增强体,制备含SiC体积分数为15%的铝基复合材料,研究烧结温度和强压处理对复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响。研究表明,提高烧结温度可有效加速复合材料的致密化,与520℃下烧结制备的复合材料相比,610℃下烧结制备的复合材料具有更高的密度和较低的孔隙度,从而具有更高的硬度。610℃下烧结制备的复合材料的硬度为83.9HBS,远高于520℃烧结制备的复合材料的硬度(53.7HBS)。这主要是由于烧结温度的提高可加速原子扩散,有利于Al粉之间以及Al粉与SiC颗粒之间的结合,并改善界面结合情况。研究还表明,强压处理可以有效提高复合材料的致密度和降低孔隙的体积分数,610℃下烧结制备的复合材料经强压处理以后的密度为2.68g/cm3,接近于理论密度(2.78g/cm3),且硬度可达121HBS,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别可达177.6MPa、168.6MPa和3.97%。     

镀W碳纳米管增强Mg基复合材料的力学和电学性能

以羰基钨为前驱体,采用金属有机化学气相沉积在碳纳米管表面镀覆了金属W。利用磁力搅拌混粉和放电等离子体烧结制备了镀W碳纳米管(W-CNTs)/Mg复合材料,并研究了W-CNTs含量对材料力学性能和电导率的影响。结果表明:W-CNTs含量为0.75%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料抗拉强度和维氏硬度最大,较纯Mg增加了40.1%和35.1%;基体中添加W-CNTs虽然使复合材料电导率下降,但0.75%W-CNTs/Mg复合材料电导率仍可达到纯Mg的94.8%;W-CNTs/Mg复合材料的力学性能和电导率均高于CNTs/Mg复合材料。     

In vitro aging of dental composites in water--effect of degree of conversion, filler volume, and filler/matrix coupling

We report here the role of the CXC chemokine, epithelial neutrophil activating peptide (ENA-78), as an angiogenic factor in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In freshly isolated human specimens of NSCLC, elevated levels of ENA-78 were found that strongly correlated with the vascularity of the tumors. In a SCID mouse model of human NSCLC tumorigenesis, expression of ENA-78 in developing tumors correlated with tumor growth in two different NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, passive immunization of NSCLC tumor-bearing mice with neutralizing anti-ENA-78 antibodies reduced tumor growth, tumor vascularity, and spontaneous metastases, while having no effect on the proliferation of NSCLC cells either in vitro or in vivo. These findings suggest that ENA-78 is an important angiogenic factor in human NSCLC.     

碳纳米管和氧化铝颗粒协同增强铜基复合材料的制备与性能研究

本文首先利用碱式高锰酸钾对纯化后的CNTs进行改性处理,然后用分子水平法制得前驱体CNTs/Cu复合粉末,最后用内氧化方法,结合放电等离子烧结获得CNTs、Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料。结果表明:CNTs、Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料的维氏硬度(136)和抗拉强度(226 MPa)均优于两个增强相单独作用的铜基材料;材料的断后伸长率超过纯铜(40.1%),达到43.6%,表现出非常好的塑性;CNTs和Al_2O_3两个增强相对铜基材料导电率起到了协同增强作用,达到了1+12的效果。     

Creep behavior of fiber reinforced metal matrix composites

A theoretical model of the creep behavior of metal matrix composites having strong fiber-matrix interfaces is described in terms of creep parameters of the matrix and fibers. The available experimental data, obtained from the unidirectionally solidified aluminum-nickel eutectic containing 10 vol pct Al₃Ni fibers, are in good agreement with the theoretical model. The creep activation energy of the composite is described in terms of the creep activation energy of fibers and the matrix. The experimentally de-termined data of (Co, Cr)-(Co, Cr)₇C₃ and Al-Al₃Ni eutectics are in agreement with those values as predicted. Formerly a Visiting Scholar, Materials Department, University of California, Los Angeles.     

微波烧结碳纳米管增强铜基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

通过微波烧结与轧制相结合,制备碳纳米管(carbon nanotube,CNTs)增强铜基复合材料(CNTs/Cu),对该材料的显微组织、致密度、硬度和抗拉强度等进行分析与测试,并通过正交试验优化工艺参数。结果表明:CNTs的最佳含量(质量分数)为2.0%,在烧结温度为1 000℃,保温时间为30 min条件下制备的2.0%CNTs/Cu复合材料,CNTs均匀分散在Cu基体中,CNTs与Cu基体结合良好,材料致密度达到98.09%,维氏硬度(HV)为372,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到234 MPa和344 MPa,比微波烧结纯铜分别提高18%和24%左右。     

热管理领域用碳纳米管/铝复合材料的组织与热学性能研究

采用金属有机化学气相沉积工艺在碳纳米管(CNTs)表面包覆了W金属层。采用磁力搅拌和放电等离子体烧结工艺制备了镀钨碳纳米管(W-CNTs)与CNTs增强的铝基复合材料。组织观察结果表明钨金属层有效的加强了CNTs与Al基体的界面结合。随着W-CNTs含量增加,W-CNTs/Al复合材料的热导率先增加后降低,且当W-CNTs含量体积分数为1.5%时,复合材料获得最大热导率;W-CNTs/Al复合材料的热导率高于CNTs/Al复合材料。热膨胀系数结果表明随CNTs含量增加,复合材料热膨胀系数降低,且W-CNTs/Al热膨胀系数低于CNTs/Al复合材料。     

微/纳米SiO2增强铜基复合材料摩擦学性能的研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了分别添加1.0％(质量分数,下同)纳米SiO2+1.0％微米SiO2,1.0％纳米SiO2及1.0％微米SiO2的铜基复合材料.采用SEM观察了添加不同形态SiO2颗粒的复合粉末的混粉效果与材料磨损形貌;采用球盘式摩擦磨损试验机研究了复合材料的摩擦学性能;由TEM观察了复合材料各相间的界面结合状态.结果表明:添加1.O％纳米SiO2+ 1.0％微米SiO2的铜基复合材料能够获得＞97％的相对密度,动摩擦因数较高,且能够有效地降低磨损量.     

短炭纤维增强C和SiC双基体材料的力学性能及破坏机理

以短炭纤维为增强纤维,以炭粉、Si粉和树脂为基体来源,采用温压—原位反应法制备C/C-SiC材料,研究该材料的力学性能及破坏机理。结果表明:C/C-SiC制动材料的纵向和横向抗弯强度分别为76 MPa和62 MPa,以韧性断裂为主,弯曲破坏表现为裂纹偏转、纤维桥接、纤维拔出和界面脱粘。纵向抗压强度达112 MPa,纵向压缩破坏表现为韧性断裂,以对角剪切破坏方式为主;横向抗压强度达84 MPa,横向压缩破坏主要表现为脆性断裂,以多层复合剪切破坏方式为主。材料的冲击韧性为3.1 kJ/m2。     

锻造对TiC颗粒增强钛基复合材料组织和性能的影响

对原位生成TiC颗粒增强钛基复合材料进行锻造,通过金相显微镜(OPM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,研究锻造后材料的显微组织及拉伸断口形貌,利用CETR UMT-3多功能微摩擦磨损测试仪测定材料的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:锻造后钛基复合材料的组织缺陷得到消除,晶粒明显细化,抗拉强度由1 126 MPa提高到1 309 MPa;材料拉伸断口为TiC解理断裂与基体局部延性断裂相结合的混合型断口。随载荷不断增加,TiC粒子首先断裂,裂纹在基体中迅速扩展,导致复合材料失效。在摩擦实验初期,材料的摩擦因数较小且较稳定,而后期摩擦因数变化幅度较大;随时间延长,磨损面上的TiC颗粒发生破碎,失去承载作用,导致磨损量变大;摩擦磨损过程中材料表面Ti发生氧化,形成氧化磨损;锻造后材料的磨损量及摩擦因数都减小。     

Microstructure effects on tensile properties of tungsten-Nickel-Iron composites

Controlled processing of heavy alloys containing 88 to 97 pct W resulted in high sintered densities and excellent bonding between the tungsten grains and matrix. For these alloys, deformation and fracture behavior were studiedvia slow strain rate tensile testing at room temperature. The flow stress increased and the fracture strain decreased with increasing tungsten content. The tradeoff between strength and ductility resulted in a maximum in the ultimate tensile strength at 93 pct W. Microstructure variations, notably grain size, explain sintering temperature and time effects on the properties. During tensile testing, cracks formed on the surface of the specimens at tungsten-tungsten grain boundaries. The crack density increased with plastic strain and tungsten content. The surface cracks, though initially blunted by the matrix, eventually increased in density until catastrophic failure occurred. An empirical failure criterion was developed relating fracture to a critical value of the surface crack tip separation distance. Application of the model explains the effects of microstructural variables on tensile properties. Formerly Graduate Research Assistant at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.