交流电干扰下-850mV(CSE)阴极保护电位准则的适用性研究

交流干扰对埋地管道阴极保护系统的正常运行产生影响,由于实际现场地下管线复杂,各种干扰因素很多。本工作利用实验室模拟装置来进行交流干扰对阴极保护系统影响的研究。对交流干扰下阴极保护电流密度和阴极保护电位变化的研究表明,经典的-850 mV(CSE)作为保护电位埋地金属管道阴极保护判据,在交流干扰存在的环境中将不再适用。     

埋地钢质管道交流干扰测试与评价

高压交流输电线路及交流电气化铁路对与其临近铺设的埋地钢质管道会引起交流干扰,产生交流腐蚀,并对阴极保护系统的安全运行带来不利影响。因此,埋地钢质管道中交流干扰的检测与评估是必要的。国内外对于埋地金属管道受交流干扰的测试与分析,主要围绕交流干扰电压、交流电流密度、腐蚀速率等参数的测试来开展。在交流干扰及阴极保护有效性评价方面,国外以交流电流密度及交/直流电流密度比为主要参量。本工作通过对交流干扰下的管地电位信号时频特征研究,得出管地电位信号时频特征与交流干扰源频率存在一致性,为检测和判定埋地钢质管道上的交流干扰提供了一定的依据。     

埋地管道交流干扰与阴极保护相互作用研究进展

系统地综述了交流干扰对阴保电位、阴保电流密度、牺牲阳极电位、牺牲阳极消耗速率、牺牲阳极效率等参数的影响,同时阐述了交流干扰下阴保评价准则及交流腐蚀机理的最新研究成果。最后指出了目前研究存在的主要问题,展望了该研究领域的发展趋势。     

Effects of alternating current interference on cathodic protection potential and its effectiveness for corrosion protection of pipelines

In this work, the effect of alternating current (AC) interference on cathodic protection (CP) potential on a X65 steel in a near-neutral pH bicarbonate solution was investigated, and the CP performance under AC was evaluated by weight-loss measurements. The CP potential applied on the steel cannot be maintained in the presence of AC interference. The shift of the CP potential depends on the applied CP level and AC current density. No matter if the direct current potential of the steel is shifted negatively or positively upon application of AC, the steel suffers from increased corrosion. The AC decreases the effectiveness of CP for corrosion protection. The CP standard at ?0.850?V (copper sulphate electrode) that does not consider the AC interference is not appropriate for AC corrosion protection.     

Effect of alternating current on cathodic protection on pipelines

In this work, the effects of alternating current (AC) on the performance of cathodic protection (CP) and the CP potential readings were investigated on a 16Mn pipeline steel in a simulated soil solution. The presence of AC interference decreases the CP effectiveness to protect the steel from corrosion. Only when CP potential is sufficiently negative, the steel is under a complete protection even when the AC current density is 400 A/m². Moreover, the AC would shift CP potential from the designed value. The effect of AC on the CP performance depends on the cathodic potential applied on the steel.     

埋地钢质管道交流杂散电流腐蚀规律研究

通过室内模拟实验建立了交流电流密度与破损面积、土壤电阻率、交流干扰电压以及防腐层电阻率之间的数学模型,从而间接获取交流电流密度,并研究了交流电流密度对腐蚀速率的影响。通过CDEGS软件模拟仿真,得到了并行长度、电流等级、距离、土壤电阻率等参数对交流干扰沿管道分布的作用。结果表明,破损面积、交流干扰电压、土壤电阻率、防腐层电阻率对交流杂散电流密度具有显著的影响。电流密度小于3 mA/cm²时,交流电流腐蚀危害性很小;在3~10 mA/cm²时,腐蚀危害性较大;大于10 mA/cm²时,交流腐蚀危害性很大。     

埋地金属管道交流电腐蚀研究进展

分别从交流电腐蚀的特点、机理、影响因素以及对阴极保护和微生物腐蚀影响的角度,对近年来国内外开展的交流电腐蚀研究进行系统综述.通过对目前研究中存在的重点问题进行综合分析,展望这一领域的研究前景及发展趋势,为相关领域的研究人员提供新思路.     

交流杂散电流对X70管线钢3PE防腐层下腐蚀及剥离行为的影响

目的 明确交流杂散电流对埋地管线防腐层剥离和破损处防腐层下腐蚀的影响规律及其导致防腐层剥离的作用机理。方法 通过基于COMSOL Multiphysics有限元仿真、交流阻抗谱分析及三维体式显微镜观测等方法,研究在格尔木土壤模拟溶液中,交流杂散电流干扰下,X70钢表面3PE防腐层剥离处的防腐层下腐蚀及剥离机理。结果 由于防腐层破损点和剥离区域的存在,使得防腐层的防护性能明显降低,交流杂散电流在初始预留剥离处的X70钢表面呈不均匀分布,破损点处所分布电流密度明显高于剥离区边缘处。杂散电流引起的腐蚀反应主要集中在防腐层破损点处,而处于预留剥离区域下方的X70钢表现出缝隙腐蚀的现象。防腐层破损点处的腐蚀坑深度随电流密度的增加而逐渐变深,而当交流电流密度由0 A/m2增加到100 A/m2时,防腐层剥离面积明显增大,此后,当电流密度继续增大,剥离面积基本保持不变。当施加的交流电流密度相同时,随着防腐层剥离面积的减小,杂散电流造成的防腐层剥离面积增大,X70钢试样上的最大腐蚀坑略微加深。结论 造成防腐层剥离的交流杂散电流存在临界电流密度值,使得防腐层剥离面积达到最大且之后保持不变。防腐层初始剥离面积较小时,交流电所造成的X70钢腐蚀及防腐层剥离行为更为严重。     

埋地钢质管道交流干扰腐蚀影响因素实验分析

参照埋地管道服役环境,搭建钢质管道交流干扰腐蚀实验平台。采用腐蚀试片失重法,测试钢质管道在土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀速率,研究交流杂散电流干扰环境下杂散电流大小、土壤电导率以及土壤酸碱度对钢质管道腐蚀速率的影响。实验结果表明:杂散电流对钢质管道的腐蚀速率影响最大,土壤酸碱度和土壤电导率对钢质管道的腐蚀速率影响规律复杂。     

New findings on the factors accelerating AC corrosion of buried pipeline

To simulate the interaction between different coating holidays on buried pipeline under alternating current (AC) interference, laboratory experiments were carried out using a specially designed circuit connecting two specimens of different sizes. The application of AC between two different specimens could induce DC current from the smaller specimen to the bigger one in the solution, which would increase the corrosion rate of the smaller specimen. The research showed that size difference between holidays on buried pipeline is an important factor in accelerating AC corrosion.     

交流电对Q235钢腐蚀电位的影响规律研究

利用室内模拟实验研究了交流电密度、电解质组分以及交流电频率对Q235钢腐蚀电位的影响规律.研究结果表明,交流电会使Q235钢腐蚀电位发生正向或负向偏移,偏移方向与Q235钢在不同电解质中阴、阳极极化速率有一定的相关性;偏移量随交流电密度增大而增大,随交流电频率增大而减小.结合金属界面双电层模型和腐蚀产物分析,对交流电引...     

高速铁路对埋地输油管道交流腐蚀干扰模型分析与应用

基于电磁场耦合理论，分析了交流电气化铁路供电系统对埋地输油管线电磁干扰的耦合机理，推导出相关交流腐蚀干扰电压的数学计算模型。结合高速铁路牵引系统的运行参数，计算并预测了不同高速铁路运行状态下其供电系统对埋地输油管道交流腐蚀干扰的影响水平，并根据相关标准进行评估。在此基础上，对该输油管段的排流方案进行优化计算，并提出了受高速铁路杂散电流干扰影响的输油管段的综合治理方案和建议。     

交流电气化铁路杂散电流对埋地管道电位影响规律

通过建立试验装置,模拟现场进行试验,得出在平行和交叉等不同情况下交流电气化铁路杂散电流对管道的干扰规律.同时,进行交流电气化铁路杂散电流干扰的理论推导,得出在交流电气化铁路杂散电流干扰不同的工况条件下,埋地金属管道的管地电位的计算公式,并以此为基础编制干扰预测软件,为如何进行杂散电流的防护及排流提供理论依据.     

埋地钢构筑物在工频电场作用下的腐蚀

本文提出了用电场理论和电化学理论相结合的方法来研究交流腐蚀这一途径。在变化极快,强度甚大的交流干扰电场作用下。金属的电化学腐蚀过程发生变化。此时,电场强度是一个重要的物理量。测量和分析了干扰电压、电位梯度、点电流密度、失重量及腐蚀坑深后,可以看出失重量随平均电流密度而增加,腐蚀坑深随干扰电压而加剧。根据埋片实验结果,初步提出了交流腐蚀临界安全电压指标。     

Effect of AC interference on the corrosion behavior of cathodically protected mild steel in an artificial soil solution. Part I: Investigation on formed corrosion product layer

AC-induced corrosion is a big threat even for cathodically protected pipelines nowadays. While this phenomenon was intensively investigated in the last decades, the corrosion mechanisms due to AC interference remain unclear. In the present work, investigations on the surface processes on cathodically protected mild steel during AC polarization have been performed. They utilized high-speed potential measurements that have demonstrated the influence of the polarization parameters on the resulting alternating voltage. The corrosion product layer was characterized with scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and Raman spectroscopy, which clearly show the effect of the parameters of the applied alternating current on the surface under different cathodic protection (CP) conditions. It was demonstrated that the properties of the formed corrosion product layer, meaning the layer thickness, amount of oxygen, and so on, is not only dependent on the AC polarization parameters but also on the CP potential itself.     

四种交流排流器服役性能对比

利用实验室测试和现场测试相结合的方法对比研究了国内外四种交流排流器的服役性能。通过实验室直流伏安特性测试和交流伏安特性测试,分别获得了四种交流排流器的直流阀值电压、直流漏流量以及交流阻抗,并利用现场测试对该结果进行了验证。通过现场测试获得了四种交流排流器对管道阴极保护电位和阳极地床交流缓解效果的影响规律和作用机制。     

Effects of alternating current on corrosion of a coated pipeline steel in a chloride-containing carbonate/bicarbonate solution

In this work, the alternating current (AC)-induced corrosion of a coated pipeline steel was studied in a chloride-containing, concentrated carbonate/bicarbonate solution, which simulated the trapped high pH electrolyte under coating, by potentiodynamic polarization measurements, immersion tests and surface characterization technique. It was found that an application of AC resulted in a negative shift of corrosion potential of the steel, caused an oscillation of anodic current density, and degraded the steel passivity developed in the solution. With the increase of AC current density, the corrosion rate of the steel increased. At a low AC current density, a uniform corrosion occurred, while at a high AC current density, pitting corrosion occurred extensively on the steel electrode surface. At individual applied AC, there was a higher electrochemical dissolution activity of the coated steel electrode containing a 1 mm defect than that of the electrode containing a 10 mm defect.     

Early stage beneficial effects of cathodic protection in concrete structures

Over the last 25 years, cathodic protection (CP) of reinforced concrete structures suffering from chloride induced reinforcement corrosion has shown to be successful and durable. CP current causes steel polarisation, electrochemical reactions and ion transport in the concrete. CP systems are designed based on experience, which results in conservative designs and their performance is a matter of wait‐and‐see. CP systems can be designed for critical aspects and made more economical using numerical models for current and polarisation distribution. Previously, principles of numerical calculations for design of CP systems were reported. The results were satisfactory, except in terms of current density for active corroding systems. This was suggested to be due to neglecting beneficial effects of CP current flow. One of the beneficial effects is pH increase at the steel surface due to oxygen reduction. As the pH increases, the corrosion rate decreases and the current demand decreases. A simple model was set up for this transient process, suggesting that such effects should occur on the time scale of hours to days. This model was validated from start up data of a CP field trial system on part of a bridge. Field results confirmed the modelling proposed here.     

埋地管道交流腐蚀的研究进展

综述了埋地管道交流腐蚀的研究现状,包括人们对交流腐蚀的认识过程,交流腐蚀的特征和机理,交流腐蚀风险的评价方法以及交流腐蚀的缓解措施.最后提出了埋地管道交流腐蚀有待解决的问题.     

Use of the polarisation shift criterion to evaluate cathodic protection of on-grade steel storage tanks

The cathodic protection (CP) of on-grade coated steel storage tanks deployed on reinforced concrete slabs in soils of 20–30?kΩ?cm resistivity was evaluated for two different time periods 9 years apart. The required CP current was calculated and the ohmic drop was measured using the instant-off potential method. The resulting polarisation shift is a useful indicator of the level of protection afforded and whether the potential criterion or the polarisation shift criterion is fulfilled. It was also noted that the greater the ground resistivity, the less corrosive the environment for an on-grade steel structure.