建筑环境中的风能利用

城区建筑环境中的风场有紊流加剧、风速降低的特点.因此,风力强化和集中的问题需要得到解决.目前有非流线体型、平板型和扩散体型3种空气动力集中形式.文章应用CFD数值模拟软件分别对3种基本空气动力集中建筑模型的风速进行了模拟计算,探讨了最佳的风能利用形式.     

微小型风力发电机

把风能转变成电能是风能利用的一个重要方面。风力发电机就是完成这一转变和一种机械。正在世界各地运行的数百万台风力机中,风力发电视约占总数的三分之二。风力发电机的型式和大小虽然有很大差别。但它们的基本原理是相同的。目前对风力机的大小的划分还没有严格的规定,本文将要介绍的     

扩压风道型建筑风能利用的探讨

根据扩散型风力机的原理,构想了一种新型风能利用建筑型式--扩压风道型建筑.探讨了扩压风道型建筑的特点,并对影响其风能利用的扩散角α、建筑尺寸、来流偏向角β等因素进行了数值模拟.通过分析可以看出,扩压风道型建筑能够强化风速及风能密度,是一种有效的风能集结建筑.     

风力场

风力场风能是太阳能转化的一种形式，也是一种可再生能源。为了控制化石燃料造成的环境污染。开发风力发电是有积极意义的。近十余年来，国内外均致力于风能利用的研究，在沿海、海岛及边远山谷等风力资源丰富的地区装设风力发电机或风力机群组。目前，小型的风力发电机出...     

扩散体建筑风能利用的风洞试验

扩散体建筑是用来汇集风能的建筑形式.通过风洞试验,研究了3种具有不同截面形状的扩散体建筑对增强风速及强化风能的效果.试验结果表明:截面形状为肾形的建筑其风力集结效果最好.可利用风能的高度范围较大;截面形状为椭圆形和扩压风道形的建筑也具有良好的效果.通过对试验数据与模拟数据比较分析可见,风洞试验得到的数据与模拟结果较为吻合,既验证了数值模拟结果的准确性,又为建筑环境中风能利用的研究奠定了试验基础.     

苏联风能利用概况

苏联国土辽阔,风力资源丰富。在过去,有着值得自豪的风能利用史,今天,苏联仍然把风能利用列入国家的科研事业之一。苏共24大决议中强调在国民经济中要扩大利用太阳能、风能、地热能等可再生能源。苏联可划分成三个风力资源地区。     

国外风力提水机

风力提水机已在世界各地得到广泛应用。利用风能提水,不仅简单易行,而且无需供应燃料,对于广大牧民和边远山区,它是一种较理想的提水机械。在风能实际利用中约有一半用于提水。本文拟就部分国外风力提水机作一介绍。一、荷兰1.CWD风力提水机CWD是荷兰技术开发合作部于1975年成立的发展中国家风能利用咨询指导委员会的简称,成立CWD的主要目的是:指导发展中国家开发、利用风能;在荷兰本土开展风能利用研究和代办培训、讲授风能课     

发展中的沈阳工业大学风能技术研究所

沈阳工业大学风能技术研究所组建于1983年，该所从事风力发电机设计、制造及风能综合开发利用已有15年的历史。风能技术研究所下设电气技术、计算机控制、机械设计、空气动力学4个研究室，在丹东大鹿岛设有风力发电实验场。沈阳工业大学科技实验厂是我国风力发电机生产基地之一。风能技术研究所技术力量雄厚，充分发挥沈阳工业大学多学科理工科大学的人才优势，由专家、教授组成集设计、制造、安装、调试及市场营销于一体的完善服务体系，开发出O．l～15kw蓄电型风力发电视、30～200kw并网型风力发电机机组及风力机测试设备等系列产品共三…     

日本风电状况有望改变

据全球风能协会2009年公布的数据，占据世界经济产出8．7％的日本仅仅利用了可用风能的1．3％。日本风能利用低，究其原因，一是定期来袭的台风风力太强，二是由于日本是一个多山国家，常规风力并未得到完全利用。但改进方式即将来临。     

一种全方位采风罩装置

描述了一种有效利用风能的装置，它不需要导向装置就可以全方位采集风力。装有这种装置的风力发电机非常适用于山区。     

聚风导流型立轴风力机设计及气动性能分析

针对传统的立轴风力机风能利用率低的问题,应用正交优化法和流场数值模拟技术对聚风导流型立轴风力机的结构设计参数进行了优化设计。在同尺度下与传统立轴风力机进行了对比分析。结果表明,聚风导流型立轴风力机叶轮的输出功率、风能利用率及自启动特性均得到了显著提高。     

Wind energy in China: Current scenario and future perspectives

Wind power in China registered a record level of expansion recently, and has doubled its total capacity every year since 2004. Many experts believe that China will be central to the future of the global wind energy market. Consequently, the growth pattern of wind power in China may be crucial to the further development of the global wind market. This paper firstly presented an overview of wind energy potential in China and reviewed the national wind power development course in detail. Based on the installed wind capacity in China over the past 18 years and the technical potential of wind energy resources, the growth pattern was modeled in this study for the purpose of prospect analysis, in order to obtain projections concerning the development potential. The future perspectives of wind energy development in China are predicted and analyzed. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of wind power in China and some insights into the prospects of China's wind power market, which is emerging as a new superpower in the global wind industry.     

分布式风-光互补能源利用系统

提出充分利用风能和太阳能的互补性,设计了风能和太阳能联合供能系统在运行中能量产生、储备、利用等各个环节的工作方式,实现可靠、高效地运行,为用户提供了生活用电与供热。该系统很好地利用了风-光可再生资源在季节、天气、地域上的互补性,可拓展风能和太阳能经济利用的范围。该系统在风-光丰富的广大农村地区具有很好的应用和发展前景。     

Growth and future trends of wind energy in India

In India, the wind power generation has gained a high level of attention and acceptability compared to other renewable energy technologies. New technological developments in wind power design have contributed for the significant advances in wind energy penetration and to get optimum power from available wind. The yearly percentage increase in wind energy installation is highest for India and now ranks fourth in the world with an installed capacity of 6018 MW. This paper reviews the development of wind energy in India and five potential Indian states. The future growth pattern and time period to achieve the technical wind potential are predicted and analysed.     

A study of the wind speed and wind energy availability in Bangladesh

Characteristics of wind speed data for three recent years, recorded at 14 stations of the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, have been studied. The data have been used to compute the monthly average wind speed and the wind energy availability for the stations. Average values of monthly wind speed for 1931–1960 have been employed to obtain the energy availability from the energy pattern factor, and the two sets of results have been compared. It has been found that, for the Chittagong station, the frequency distributions have good fits of the Weibull type.     

一种新型聚能-遮蔽型立轴风力机

提出了一种适合任意风向的新型聚能-遮蔽型立轴风力机,并应用计算流体力学方法,对这种风力机的气动性能进行了数值模拟.研究表明:这种新型立轴风力机比传统的立轴风力机的风能利用率有显著提高.此外,该文还采用了正交优化设计方法,对这种立轴风力机的结构参数进行了优化设计,得到了一组最优的设计参数,该最优设计参数下风力机的风能利用率达37%.     

Performance comparison of six numerical methods in estimating Weibull parameters for wind energy application

Two-parameter Weibull function has been widely applied to evaluate wind energy potential. In this paper, six kinds of numerical methods commonly used for estimating Weibull parameters are reviewed; i.e. the moment, empirical, graphical, maximum likelihood, modified maximum likelihood and energy pattern factor method. Their performance is compared through Monte Carlo simulation and analysis of actual wind speed according to the criterions such as Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, parameter error, root mean square error, and wind energy error. The results show that, in simulation test of random variables, the graphical method’s performance in estimating Weibull parameters is the worst one, followed by the empirical and energy pattern factor methods, if data number is smaller. The performance for all the six methods is improved while data number becomes larger; the graphical method is even better than the empirical and energy pattern factor methods. The maximum likelihood, modified maximum likelihood and moment methods present relatively more excellent ability throughout the simulation tests. From analysis of actual data, it is found that if wind speed distribution matches well with Weibull function, the six methods are applicable; but if not, the maximum likelihood method performs best followed by the modified maximum likelihood and moment methods, based on double checks including potential energy and cumulative distribution function.     

Synthetic wind speed scenarios including diurnal effects: Implications for wind power dimensioning

This paper presents the application of a new approach for taking into consideration the variability of the wind resource at different temporal scales (hourly, daily, seasonal, annual) in generating scenarios for energy systems modelling. It is argued that Markov models and auto-regressive models, generally used for synthetic wind speed data generation, do not contain sufficient low-frequency information related to seasonal and diurnal patterns. Under high wind penetration scenarios, the daily pattern of the wind becomes increasingly important to energy system modelling and design. Statistical analysis of various wind locations in the Azores, Portugal, indicates that there are strong seasonal differences in magnitude and shape within a given day that will affect energy system design and performance. The proposed methodology evaluates the frequency of different wind day types, such as afternoon winds or morning winds, along with the magnitude of wind for locations with different quality wind resources. Application of the new methodology indicates that the inclusion of diurnal wind characteristics for the analysis of future energy systems provides better design information, especially as it pertains to generation investment requirements to meet island specific renewable penetration targets, and intra-day surpluses or shortages of wind generation in small energy networks.     

Potential for wind generation on the Guyana coastlands

Guyanas dependence upon imported petroleum fuels can only be offset by the sustained exploitation of its indigenous resources. With its populated coastlands exposed to the northeast trade winds and a history of small-scale wind energy utilisation wind is one such potential energy source. In this study, the coastal wind regime is analysed and historical data from a coastal weather station are used to estimate the potential for wind generation. It is found that a hybrid Weibull probability density function best describes the annual wind speed frequency distribution at the reference height of 10.67 m. With an annual mean wind speed of 5.8 ms, an energy pattern factor of 1.41, and an annual average power density of 159 Wm², this distribution represents a class-3 wind resource, suitable for most wind turbine applications. Site analysis and observed trends in coastal wind availability suggest the strong likelihood of a greater wind resource in more open locations. In view of its apparent potential for wind farm operation, a comprehensive, wind resource assessment programme is recommended for the Guyana coastlands.     

Effect of wind energy system performance on optimal renewable energy model-an analysis

The Optimal Renewable Energy Model (OREM) has been developed to determine the optimum level of renewable energy sources utilisation in India for the year 2020–21. The model aims at minimising costefficiency ratio and determines the optimum allocation of different renewable energy sources for various end-uses. The extent of social acceptance level, potential limit, demand and reliability will decide the renewable energy distribution pattern and are hence used as constraints in the model. In this paper, the performance and reliability of wind energy system and its effects on OREM model has been analysed. The demonstration windfarm (4 MW) which is situated in Muppandal, a village in the southern part of India, has been selected for the study. The windfarm has 20 wind turbine machines of 200 KW capacity. The average technical availability, real availability and capacity factor have been analysed from 1991 to 1995 and they are found to be 94.1%, 76.4% and 25.5% respectively. The reliability factor of wind energy system is found to be 0.5 at 10,000 hours. The OREM model is analysed considering the above said factors for wind energy system, solar energy system and biomass energy systems. The model selects wind energy for pumping end-use to an extent of 0.3153×10¹⁵ KJ.