包覆钯和镍后M_mNi_5基贮氢合金的电化学特性

测定了包覆１０ｗｔ％Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ后Ｍｍ０．９Ｔｉ０．１Ｎｉ３．９Ｍｎ０．４Ｃｏ０．４Ａｌ０．３合金，及由其制成Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池的电化学特性。包覆Ｐｄ—Ｎｉ的贮氢合金电极２００次循环后容量仅衰减３％。负极为合金包覆Ｐｄ—Ｎｉ的Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池在０．４Ｃ放电时的平均放电电压为１．２７Ｖ。在３Ｃ放电时的放电容量为０．４Ｃ时的７６％。     

包覆钯和镍后MnNi5基贮氢合金的电化学特性

测定了包覆１０ｗｔ％Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ后Ｍｍ０．９Ｔｉ０．１Ｎｉ３．９Ｍｎ０．４Ｃｏ．４Ａｌ０．３合金，及由其制成Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池的电化学特性。包覆Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ的贮氢合金电极２００次循环后容量仅衰减３％。负极为合金包覆Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ的Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池在０．４Ｃ放电时的平均放电电压为１．２７Ｖ。在３Ｃ放电时的放电容量为０．４Ｃ的７６％。     

酞菁催化剂对镍氢电池性能的影响

研究2种酞菁类催化剂——酞菁钴、酞菁铁作为负极添加剂对Ni-MH电池充放电、电池内压及循环性能的影响。结果表明：在负极材料中加入酞菁钴、酞菁铁能够显著提高电池充放电性能,1C充电至额定容量时,电池最高电压分别较对比电池降低25 mV和31 mV;5C放电时,中值电压分别较对比电池高45 mV和51 mV。电池的循环性能得到改善,0.5C循环150次时,分别剩余额定容量的75%和83%;电池安全性得到提高,电池内压显著降低。     

镀镍石墨粉的电化学性质

利用化学镀方法在石墨粉表面镀覆了一层均匀、完整的金属镍,研究了镀镍石墨粉电极及镀镍石墨粉作为ＭＨ／Ｎｉ电池镍电极导电剂时的电化学性质。实验表明,石墨粉表面镀覆金属镍可增另其电化学活性;用镀镍石墨粉作为电极导电剂时,可以改善镍电极的导电性能,降低电池内阻,提高正极活性物质的利用率,且电池的循环稳定性好,以１Ｃ倍率充放电循环１２０就衰减。     

Ni—MH电池正极性能研究

讨论了Ｎｉ－ＭＨ是电池中不同活性物质Ｎｉ（ＯＨ）２对正极性能的影响，研究了活性添加剂Ｚｎ对电极的比容量和放电电压平台的作用。     

Ni—MH电池的循环寿命研究

本文对用ＭｍＮｉ３．４５Ｃｏ０．７５Ｍｎ０．７Ａｌ０．１化合物为负极材料的ＡＡ型镍－金属氢化物电池的循环寿命进行了研究,实验发现ＭｍＮｉ３．４５Ｃｏ０．７５Ｍｎ０．７Ａｌ０．１化合物的循环寿命可超过１０００次,镍－金属氢化物电池的寿命不仅受到负极储氢材料的影响,还要受到正极Ｎｉ（ＯＨ）２材料的影响。电池中电解液的含量和浓度对电池的容量有很大的影响,但是,这种由于电池中电解液含量的减少和电解液浓度的增加而造成的电池容量下降,当电池中电解液含量增加和浓度降低时就能够恢复。     

ZrMn0.9—xVxNi1.1（x=0.1—0.8）Laves相贮氢合金的电化学性能

研究了ＡＢ２型锆基Ｌａｖｅｓ相贮氢合金ＺｒＭｎ０．９－ｘＶｘＮｉ１．１（ｘ＝０．１～０．８）的晶体结构及其电化学性能。研究表明，ＺｒＭｎＶＮｉ合金为多相组织，当Ｍｎ含量较高时，合金的主相为Ｃ１５型Ｌａｖｅｓ相结构；随着Ｖ含量增加，合金中Ｃ１４型Ｌａｖｅｓ相的含量逐渐增加；合金的主相结构与电子浓度有关。Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量影响Ｌａｖｅｓ相合金中的不同类型四面体间隙数目及合金热力学和电化学性能。当合金中的Ｖ／（Ｍｎ＋Ｖ）比率在２／９～４／９范围内，合金表现出较好的综合电化学性能。ＺｒＭｎ０．５Ｖ０．４Ｎｉ１．１合金的最高容量为３４２ｍＡｈ／ｇ，高倍率放电能力为Ｃ２００／（Ｃ２００＋Ｃ５０）＝７５％，经１００次１００％ＤＯＤ充放电循环后，容量保持率为８５％左右。     

正极添加CNTs对MH /Ni电池高倍率性能的影响

对正极中添加多壁碳纳米管(CNTs)的MH／Ni电池的高倍率放电性能进行了研究。结果表明：正极中添加少量CNTs的Ni／MH电池具有优异的高倍率放电性能。利用正极中添加少量CNTs制成的标准AA型电池的内阻在14mΩ左右；在高倍率放电条件下电池有更高的放电平台，3C放电中值电压在1．167V左右，5C放电中值电压在1．108V左右；电池循环容量保持率也高于正极中不加CNTs的电池。随着循环次数的增加，正极中添加少量CNTs的电池内阻升高幅度较小。     

Al／AgO电池的制备及性能研究

采用化学方法制备AgO,并组装成实验电池。通过恒电流放电技术研究了在4mol／LNaOH电解质溶液中加入不同浓度的NaAlO2对Al／AgO电池性能的影响,并考察了放电倍率和温度对AI／AgO电池性能的影响。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了电池放电前后AgO的表观形貌。结果表明：在NaOH溶液中加入适量NaAlO2可以提高电池的比容量。随着温度的提高,电池的比容量增大。随着放电倍率增加,电池的比容量降低。当NaAlO2浓度为2．5mol／L,温度为80℃时,以0．1c放电,终止电压为1．0V时,Al／AgO电池的比容量达到292mA·h／g。     

Ni-MH电池负极材料贮氢合金的表面处理

综述了Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池负极材料贮氢合金的表面处理方法,包括它们对合金电极（或Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池）性能的影响、作用机理及其操作工艺。     

Effect of surface modification of metal hydride electrode on performance of MH/Ni batteries

A novel method was applied to the surface modification of the metal hydride(MH)electrode of MH/Ni batteries.Both sides of the electrode were plated with a thin silver film about 0.1μm thick using vacuum evaporation plating technology,and the effect of the electrode on the performance of MH/Ni batteries was examined.It is found that the surface modification can enhance the electrode conductivity and decrease the battery ohimic resistance.After surface modification,the discharge capacity at 5C(7.5A)is increased by 212 mA.h and the discharge voltage is increased by 0.11 V,the resistance of the batteries is also decreased by 32%.The batteries with modified electrode exhibit satisfactory durability.The remaining capacity of the modified batteries is 89%of the initial capacity even after 500 cycles.The inner pressure of the batteries during overcharging is lowered and the charging efficiency of the batteries is improved.     

贮氢电极合金电化学容量的评价方法

设计了三种电化学测试系统并进行金属氢化物电极电化学性能对比分析，结果表明，开口式三电极系统测出的放电容量明显高于夹片式和模拟电池系统所测出的放电容量，夹片式电极系统测试的结果和模拟电池系统测试的结果比较一致。     

纳米氧化锌对镍氢电池电化学性能的影响

采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌,将其作为添加剂掺杂制备MH/Ni电池正极,研究正极中添加不同质量分数的纳米ZnO对电极电化学性能的影响,初步探讨纳米氧化锌在电极内部的反应机制。结果表明,掺杂后氢氧化镍电极的导电性提高,电化学活性增强,有效地提高了活性物质的利用率,改善了电极反应的传质和传荷条件,使电极中电活性粒子具有合理的分布,因而显示出良好的电化学性能。经过比较,添加质量分数为4%的纳米ZnO电化学性能最佳,在60周和80周时放电容量仍有282和272mAh·g-1,而且放电平台较高。     

Degradation analysis of nickel／metal hydride battery and its electrodes materials

The results indicate that during charge and discharge, the expansion of Ni(OH)2 crystal, pulverization of MH alloy particles and falling off from current collector are identified as the main causes for deterioration of Ni/MH batteries. Meanwhile, the contact resistance of inner battery increases due to the deterioration of the negative and positive electrode, and these changes lead to increasing battery body temperature and damaging its electrode and separator. The fibre‘s expansion and hole‘s diminishment of battery’s separator after degradation will affect the electrochemical performance and cycle life of Ni/MH batteries.     

镍氢电池复合贮氢合金负极材料的研究进展

根据复合贮氢合金的母体类型即AB5型稀土合金、AB2型Laves相合金、A2B或AB型Mg系合金、V基bcc固溶体型合金和La-Mg-Ni系新型合金,将Ni/MH电池复合贮氢合金负极材料分为相应的5种类型;综述了此类材料的制备方法、微观结构与电化学性能、分析表征方法及机制研究等,提出了目前研究中存在的问题与不足,并对该类材料的研究发展做了展望.     

稀土-镁-镍基贮氢电极合金的研究进展

具有超结构特征的稀土-镁-镍基贮氢合金作为新一代金属氢化物/镍(MH/Ni)电池负极材料,因其高的放电容量和好的倍率放电性能,是目前贮氢电极合金发展的重点材料之一。本文从材料相结构、贮氢特性和电化学性能之间的关系出发,综述了近年来国内外稀土-镁-镍基AB3型、A2B7型和A5B19型贮氢电极合金的研究进展,为开发兼具高容量和长寿命的新型稀土系贮氢电极合金提供有价值的参考。     

High temperature charging efficiency and degradation behavior of high capacity Ni−MH batteries

Recently the Ni/MH secondary battery has been studied extensively to achieve higher energy density, longer cycle life and faster charging-discharging rate for electric vehicles and portable computers, and etc. In this work, the charging efficiency of the Ni−MH battery which uses Ni electrode with addition of various compounds and the degradation behavior of the 90Ah battery were studied. The battery using the Ni electrode with Ca(OH)₂ addition showed the charging efficiency and the utilization ratio significantly better than electrodes without added compounds. After 418 cycles, the residual capacities at the Ni electrode showed nearly the same values in the upper, middle and lower regions. In the case of the MH electrode, the residual capacity in the upper region appeared lower than that in other regions. As a result of ICP analysis, the amount of dissolved elements in the three regions appeared almost the same. The faster degradation in the upper region of the MH electrode was caused by the TiO₂ oxide film formed at the electrode surface because of overcharging. The thickness of the oxide film increases with cycling, so it will form a layer that is not able to allow hydrogen to penetrate into the MH electrode. This article based on a presentation made in the symposium “The 2nd KIM-JIM Joint Symposium: Hydrogen Absorbing Materials”, held at Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, October 27–28 under the auspices of The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials and The Japan Institute of Metals.     

Effects of iron phthalocyanine on performance of MH／Ni battery

Oxygen evolution causes a high inner pressure during charge and overcharge for MH/Ni battery, and an inappropriate eliminating way of the oxygen in the battery results in accumulation of heat. This is the main obstacle to develop and apply high capability and high power battery. How to reduce the ratio of the chemical catalysis rate to the electric catalysis rate in MH/Ni battery is considered as an urgent question. Iron phthalocyanine(FePc) was chosen as an electrochemical catalyst. The batteries were prepared by adding iron phthalocyanine with different dosages. The inner pressure, the capacity attenuation, the discharge voltage and capacity at high current of these three batteries were compared. The battery with 1 mg FePc in the negative electrode exhibits a good performance.     

氧化物添加剂对Ni／MH动力电池低温高倍率放电性能的影响

研究了不同氧化物添加剂（CoO,CuO,LazO3,和Y2O3）在高倍率和低温放电条件下对负极性能的影响及机理。实验主要测试的性能有低温放电容量,高倍率（1C,3C,5C和10C）放电容量、充放电电压平台、循环寿命、循环伏安特性和交流阻抗谱,并且分别用SEM、EDS分析了极片的表面形貌和成分。     

Effects of Mm(NiCoAlMn)_5 hydrogen storage alloy coated with Ni-Co-P alloy by electroless plating on electrochemical properties of hydride electrodes

1　INTRODUCTIONNickel metalhydride (MH Ni)rechargeablebatterieswithhydrogenstoragealloysasthenegativeelectrodematerialhaveattractedincreasingattentionsbecauseofseveralinherentadvantages[16 ] .Sofar ,manymulti component,mischmetal based ,hydro gen storagealloyshavebeendevelopedtomeetthere quirementofhighcyclinglife ;theseincludesubstitu tionofthenickelbyMn ,CoandAl[7] .Thecomposi tionofthealloyisimportant ,andtheeffectsofsur facecompositionandmorphologyarealsosignificant.Micro encapsulat…