用∑WESH图评价某涂料化工厂的可持续性

介绍了在清洁生产过程中用∑WESH图评价涂料化工厂的可持续发展的原理及方法,并进行了一个实例的评价.从该厂的∑WESH图得出该厂的水及能源的利用率高,所用的原材料的稀缺性都不大,唯一较严重的问题是二甲苯的通过量大,危害性较严重.因此建议该厂在配方上尽量减少二甲苯的使用,开发新产品.     

喷涂前处理污染源的分析及其处理措施

随着我国国民经济的快速发展和国家"节能减排"重点项目的深入开展,各种污染源的分析及其处理措施的研究备受关注.本文在充分研究若干家电企业的钢铁喷涂制件的前处理工艺(如:预脱脂、脱脂、清洗、表调、磷化等)的基础上,分析喷涂前处理过程中的污染源,研究污染源的处理措施.     

酿酒酵母细胞表达异源萜类化合物的研究进展

萜类化合物具有可观的经济价值,但是目前的生产过程复杂、产量低。酿酒酵母甲羟戊酸途径为萜类化合物的合成提供直接前体,因此酿酒酵母细胞具有合成异源萜类化合物的天然优势。对酿酒酵母甲羟戊酸途径的清晰认识是对其进行有效利用的基础,本文从代谢途径、关键酶的特点和全局调控机制3个方面对该途径进行了介绍。从代谢途径的构建和优化、模块与底盘细胞的适配、模块构建及组装方式的角度概述了酿酒酵母细胞异源合成单萜、倍半烯萜、二萜、三萜类化合物的研究进展。指出实现酿酒酵母高效合成萜类化合物所需要解决的基础问题是对酿酒酵母甲羟戊酸途径进行更为全面了解和对萜类化合物的天然代谢途径进行明确解析;另外,合成生物学的进一步发展也将为此提供应用基础。     

香叶油的研究进展

为了全面了解香叶油的研究现状,为我国香叶油的开发利用提供思路, 综述了香叶的栽培、组培技术研究、香叶油的应用、香叶油的提取及化学成分研究、香叶油调配研究等方面的现状,并对香叶品种的遗传改良提出一些有益的建议.     

胶原纤维的性能特点和作用

1胶原纤维巴西Novaprom胶原纤维是以精选的牛皮内剖层(真皮)组织提取的,它不同于明胶或明胶的衍生物。它的生产是在严格控制的时间和温度范围内进行的,从而确保其主要成分──胶原蛋白的活性不变,并以天然纤维的形式存在。它在肉制品中的结构呈纤维状而不是一般的胶冻,因而这种结构是非常稳定的,是不可逆的。它是很好的功能性动物纤维蛋白,在肉制品及鱼糜制品等相关的食品中得到广泛的应用。2胶原纤维的性能及相关指标(1)蛋白质含量:胶原纤维中的动物蛋白质(M×6.25)高达98%,含有人体必需的氨基酸。(2)吸水、持水性:胶原纤维结构良好,呈矩…     

玻璃纤维拉丝池窑配合料设备研制的进展

玻璃纤维池窑拉丝生产线配合料的制备中,原料是形成优质玻璃液的基础,因此可以说配合料的稳定性、均匀性和准确性对玻璃纤维的质量起着决定的作用.生产实践证明:组分和粒度均匀的配合料,不但能强化玻璃液的熔化和澄清过程,而且还能减少或消除影响玻璃质量的各种弊病.所以认真拟定玻璃纤维原料的成分和选择玻璃纤维的种类和化学性质:严格控制进厂原料化学成分、粒度和水份;做好原料的分堆、存放、加工、称量、混合、输送是优质配合料制备不可缺少的手段,这也是做好玻璃纤维池窑配合料的基本任务.     

鲜为人知的科学珍闻

有言在先,珍闻的挑选奉行以下原则:科学应该是有趣的,科学之所以好玩,部分原因在于你了解、知道这些奇谈怪论的存在。科学的伟大之处在于,它不必是教条的、有价值的实验,也不要求对所有理论进行最准确的过滤以得     

氢氧化镁阻燃剂的研究进展

主要论述了国内外阻燃剂的种类和发展,指出由于环境和健康的原因,无机阻燃剂是最有发展前途的,其中的氢氧化镁因其特有的性质,在无机阻燃剂中尤为突出.考虑到氢氧化镁的广泛应用的前景和其本身的缺点,对其改性成为业界的研究重点,其中主要介绍了钛酸酯、硬脂酸(盐)、镁盐晶须和胶囊化等技术,指出以后的发展方向是在改性基础上的协同作用.     

高浸透性大分子聚酯乳液的研制

1前言 随着池窑生产的发展,原有的浸润剂在快速浸润性和快速浸透性方面无法得到满足.意大利DSM公司聚酯乳液是公认的喷射纱浸润剂最好的成膜剂.本项目的目的是研制出能工业化生产的与DSM公司产品质量相当的聚酯乳液,替代进口,节约外汇,满足我国池窑发展需要,争创良好的经济社会效益.     

宁静——使艺术深华

宁静的山是心灵的绘画,宁静的水是灵魂的诗篇,宁静的夜是精神的书籍。在这越来越充斥着物欲纵横的社会,浮躁成了现代人的代名词,而保持一颗宁静的心,尤其在艺术创作中显得尤为重要。     

Preparation and characterization of porous microspheres and applications in controlled-release of abamectin in water and soil

Porous microspheres with different sizes were prepared through solvent evaporation method with ethylcellulose as a matrix material and abamectin as a core material. The abamectin-loaded microspheres were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The chemical structure of the microspheres was determined through FTIR. DLS analysis showed that the diameter of the microspheres range from 10 to 100 μm. SEM analysis revealed that the inner structure of the microspheres is characterized by a porous network. TGA revealed that the microspheres are thermally stable below 125 °C. The controlled release of abamectin from the microspheres into water and soil was also investigated. Abamectin was released from microspheres into water through diffusion. The release of abamectin into soil was mainly caused by erosion, a result that was verified through SEM.     

预分解窑窑头和窑尾参数的分析与控制

新型干法水泥是目前水泥行业的发展趋势,中央控制室是新型干法水泥生产线的控制指挥中心。预分解窑系统需要控制的参数较多,综合考虑各参数的变化将有利于窑系统的稳定运行。窑头和窑尾参数是准确判断窑系统运行状况的重要参数,包括窑尾的温度、压力,窑头的温度、压力,窑尾的气体分析等,在操作中应引起操作员的重视。     

西玛津在甘蔗及土壤中的残留消解动态

为了探明西玛津使用后在甘蔗及其土壤中的残留降解规律,采用气相色谱法研究了西玛津90%水分散粒剂在甘蔗及其土壤中的残留消解降解动态和最终残留实验。结果表明:西玛津在甘蔗和土壤中的降解动态方程分别为Ct=19.157e-0.0587t和Ct=1.689 8e-0.036t,半衰期分别为11.8 d和19.3 d;以1 647 g a.i./hm2和2 470.5 g a.i./hm2的剂量在甘蔗田进行喷雾处理,收获期甘蔗和土壤中的最终残留量分别小于0.01 mg/kg和0.02 mg/kg。     

Morphology and microstructure of autoclaved clinker and slag-lime pastes in presence and in absence of silica sand

Development of microstructure in four hydrothermal reactions has been undertaken using scanning electron microscopy. These are clinker, clinker-sand, slag-lime and slag-lime-sand hydrothermal reactions. The microstructure of clinker hydration products displayed crumpled foils and tabular masses of calcium silicate hydrates; few cubic crystals of hydrogarnet appeared only during the initial stage of the reaction. In clinker-sand mixture the C-S-H phase was the only product identified. In slag-lime hydration the microstructure displayed both of the hydrogarnet crystals and the C-S-H phase. The hydration of slag-lime-sand mixture (an optimum composition) was associated with the formation of ill-crystallized tobermorite and crystalline 11A tobermorite as the main products.     

欧盟对农药的重新评定与我国除草剂品种发展

评述了欧盟评定的农药名单中禁用的除草剂品种及我国今后除草剂的开发与使用。     

咪鲜胺在粤浙两地水稻和土壤中残留动态

为了评价咪鲜胺在水稻上使用后的残留动态及环境安全性，在广东、浙江两地同时进行了咪鲜胺在水稻上的残留动态试验。结果表明：在广东地区，咪鲜胺在植株中的半衰期为2．59d，在土壤中的半衰期为2．46d，在稻田水的半衰期为0．46d；在浙江地区，咪鲜胺在植株中的半衰期为3．08d，在土壤中的半衰期为1．89d，在稻田水的半衰期为1．52d。收获的水稻糙米中咪鲜胺最终残留量均低于0．5mg／kg。     

HALS研发进展及其在PVC中的应用

介绍了近年来受阻胺类光稳定剂(HALS)新产品的研究开发情况,高分子量化受阻胺、多功能化受阻胺、低碱性化受阻胺和反应型受阻胺等不断出现;应用研究取得新进展,对PVC体系中有较好稳定的作用。     

Evaluation and characterization of vector fluids and peroxides in a process of in situ compatibilization of polyethylene and polystyrene

An organic functional silane was found to be the most efficient among several vector fluids in reactive blend compatibilization of the polyethylene (PE) / polystyrene (PS) / peroxide / vector fluid system. This paper involves further analysis of this reactive blending system. Surface tension data was used to calculate spreading coefficients which were compared to the amount of PE-PS copolymer formed during blending. A good correlation between a computed spreading coefficient and the degree of grafting of PS onto PE was found. The results suggest that the pattern of distribution of the vector fluid in PE / PS blends is the key factor leading to effective results. Furthermore, different peroxides were evaluated in PE / PS blends, in order to determine the dependence of PE / PS interfacial grafting reaction on the structure of the peroxide.     

Metabolism of malonaldehyde in vivo and in vitro

The metabolism of malonaldehyde (MA) was investigated in vivo using male Wistar rats and in vitro using rat liver mitochondria. Twelve hr after intubation with [1,3-¹⁴C] MA, 60–70%, 5–15% and 9–17% of administered radioactivity was recovered in expired CO₂, feces and urine, respectively. In rats intubated with [1,2-¹⁴C] acetate, the corresponding values were 68–82%, 1–2% and 2–3%.¹⁴CO₂ evolution was initially slower after¹⁴C-MA administration than after¹⁴C-acetate administration and more radioactivity was excreted in the feces and urine. In vitro experiments using [1,3-¹⁴C] MA showed that MA is metabolized primarily in the mitochondria via reactions involving O₂ utilization and¹⁴CO₂ production. The apparent K_m and V_max were 0.5 mM and 9.3 nmol/min/mg protein for O₂ uptake, respectively, and 2.0 mM and 2.4 nmol/min/mg protein for¹⁴CO₂ production. Addition of malonic acid to mitochondrial incubates at concentrations inhibitory to succinate dehydrogenase did not affect MA-induced O₂ uptake but enhanced¹⁴CO₂ production from¹⁴C-MA.¹⁴C-Acetate appeared to be the major accumulating metabolite in rat liver mitochondrial preparations following a 120-min incubation with¹⁴C-MA. A probable biochemical route for MA metabolism involves oxidation of MA by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase followed by decarboxylation to produce CO₂ and acetate.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定蔬菜及水果中的吲哚丁酸和萘乙酸

采用高效液相色谱法,以DiamonsilTMC1(8250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇∶水∶磷酸为60∶40∶0.35(pH值3~4)作为流动相,检测波长为272nm的条件下测定萘乙酸和吲哚丁酸含量,试验结果表明:在0～50.00mg.L-1范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r吲=0.9998,r萘=0.9998,最低检出浓度为0.025mg.L-1,试样在5.00、10.00、15.00mg.L-13个添加水平下的平均回收率在81.2%~99.4%之间,相对偏差在0.41%~1.61%之间,方法简便,准确。