双歧杆菌培养基优化及pH调控培养研究

对常用4种双歧杆菌培养基进行比选,确定出产双歧杆菌高的基础培养基,采用正交试验通过改变碳源、添加低聚果糖及pH值的内源调节优化基础培养基,优化培养基为在比选出的基础培养基中加0.5%低聚果精和1%碳酸钙.利用优化培养基培养双歧杆菌,当培养液pH值低于5.5时,用6mol/L NaOH调节pH值为6.0～6.5,在厌氧条件下37.5℃培养24h,活菌数达到1.7×1010cfu/mL.     

响应面法优化长双歧杆菌增殖培养基

为了提高长双歧杆菌发酵液中的活菌数,对其增殖培养基进行响应面优化。通过单因素试验筛选出长双歧杆菌的最佳碳源为乳糖,并发现低聚木糖、菊糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酸及赖氨酸均能显著促进长双歧杆菌的生长。利用Design Expert 8.06软件设计Plackett-Burman 试验筛选出影响长双歧杆菌生长的3个最重要因子,通过Box-Behnken试验及响应面分析确定3个因子的最佳添加量为：低聚木糖1.7g/L、菊糖3.6g/L、脯氨酸0.4g/L,用优化后的增殖培养基培养长双歧杆菌,18h后其活菌数达(1.75±0.02)×109CFU/mL,比优化前提高了95.64%。     

双歧杆菌麦芽复合汁增菌培养基优选的研究

选择麦芽汁为主要原料，以两歧双歧杆菌Bbm和长双歧杆菌Blm为实验菌株，研究了麦芽汁基础培养基中添加单一营养因子对Bbm菌细胞生长量的影响，进一步利用正交试验优化筛选出Bbm菌麦芽复合汁增菌培养基；利用优选的麦芽复合汁增菌培养基对Blm菌进行验证性增菌试验。结果表明：大豆蛋白胨、牛肉浸膏、酵母膏、玉米浆可显著促进双歧杆菌Bbm的细胞增殖（p〈0．01），而磷酸氢二钾既能促进Bbm生长，又有缓冲培养基pH值的作用；利用L9（3^4）筛选出Bbm的麦芽复合汁增菌培养基的最佳配比为：在10°麦芽汁中添加0．3％大豆蛋白胨，0．6％牛肉浸膏，0．5％酵母膏，0．4％玉米浆，0．2％磷酸氢二钾，在麦芽复合汁增菌培养基中，经37℃培养12h，Bbm活菌数3．84×109CFU/ml，Blm活菌数达到3．90×109CFU／ml，较对照麦芽汁培养基的活菌数分别提高了8．17倍和8．14倍，较实验室常用的改良MRS培养基的成本降低1000元/吨。     

双歧杆菌菊芋复合汁增菌培养基的优化筛选

以菊芋为主要原料,以两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidus,Bbm)和长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriu.longum,Blm)为试验菌株,研究了菊芋汁基础培养基中添加单一营养因子对Bbm细胞生长量的影响.利用正交试验优化筛选出Bbm菊芋复合汁增菌培养基;利用优选的菊芋复合汁增菌培养基对Blm进行验证性增菌试验.结果表明大豆蛋白胨、牛肉浸膏、酵母膏、玉米浆可显著促进Bbm的细胞增殖(P＜0.01),而磷酸氢二钾既能促进Bbm生长,又有缓冲培养基pH值的作用;利用L934筛选出Bbm菊芋复合汁增菌培养基的最佳配比是在10 Brix菊芋汁中添加0.6%大豆蛋白胨、0.9%牛肉浸膏、0.3%酵母膏、0.4%玉米浆、0.2%磷酸氢二钾.在菊芋复合汁增菌培养基中,经37℃培养12 h,Bbm活菌数6.80×109 cfu/mL,Blm活菌数6.65×109 cfu/mL,较时照菊芋汁培养基的活菌数分别提高了13.5倍和7.63倍;较实验室常用的改良MRS培养基的成本降低了2770元/t.     

婴儿双歧杆菌增菌培养基优化的研究

本研究针对婴儿双歧杆菌的营养需要 ,采用正交实验优化基础培养基及增殖因子的用量。得出最佳基础培养基配比是 :大豆蛋白胨 1.2 % ,胰蛋白胨 0 .6 % ,酪蛋白水解物 0 .6 % ,牛肉浸膏 0 .6 % ,葡萄糖 0 .5 % ,低聚糖 1.0 % ,乳糖 0 .5 % ,酵母浸出粉 0 .5 %。最佳增殖因子添加量是 :胡萝卜汁 15 % ,西红柿汁 10 % ,肝浸液 5 % ,胱氨酸 0 .0 5 %。最后使用优化出的增菌培养基配比测定生长曲线 ,同时测定pH和滴定酸度的变化 ,确定增菌培养终止时间为 10h,通过平板菌落计数 ,此时菌数可达 8.78×10 9cfu/mL     

短双歧杆菌增殖培养基的优化研究

本研究针对短双歧杆菌的营养需要,采用正交实验设计优化增殖培养基,结果表明,酵母膏是短双歧杆菌的显著影响因素, 最佳的优化培养基配比是酵母膏0.9%,胰蛋白胨0.6%,大豆蛋白胨0.6%,葡萄糖0.6%,双歧因子0.2%,生长因子10%.用经优化的增殖培养基配方测定短双歧杆菌的生长曲线及其pH的变化,确定该菌增殖培养的最适终止时间约为18h,此时平板菌落计数的菌数可高达1.5×1010cfu/ml.     

双歧杆菌增殖因子的筛选及培养基的优化

研究了各种增殖因子对双歧杆菌的增殖效果,选出几种增殖效果好、价格低的物质进行正交试验优化培养基.得出长双歧杆菌(PBA)增殖培养基:在基础培养基基础上额外按体积分数添加平菇汁20%、卷心菜汁20%、豆浆20%、胡萝卜汁5%.在此培养基中,PBA经16 h培养,菌数可达2.45×109CFU/mL;得出婴儿双歧杆菌(INF)增殖培养基:在基础培养基基础上额外按体积分数添加平菇汁10%,蕃茄汁15%,肝浸汁15%,在此培养基中INF经16 h培养,菌数可达2.58×109CFU/mL.     

优化两歧双歧杆菌培养基的增菌研究

针对两歧双歧杆菌的营养需要,采用正交实验设计优化增殖培养基。结果表明,酵母膏是短双歧杆菌的显著影响因素。最佳的优化培养基配比是:酵母膏0.9%,胰蛋白胨0.3%,大豆蛋白胨0.3%,葡萄糖2.0%,双歧因子0.8%,生长因子10%(均为质量分数)。用经优化的增殖培养基配方测定两歧双歧杆菌的生长曲线及其pH值的变化,确定该菌增殖培养的最适终止时间约为18h,此时平板菌落计数的菌数可高达2.1×1010mL-1。     

青春双歧杆菌增菌培养基的优化

针对青春双歧杆菌的营养需要 ,采用正交实验优化基础培养基及增殖因子的用量。得出最佳基础培养基配比是 :大豆蛋白胨 1 2 % ,胰蛋白胨 0 6 % ,酪蛋白水解物 0 6 % ,牛肉浸膏 0 6 % ,葡萄糖 1 % ,低聚糖 0 5 % ,乳糖 0 5 % ,酵母浸出粉 0 7%。最佳增殖因子添加量是 :胡萝卜汁 1 5 % ,番茄汁 5 % ,肝浸液 1 5 % ,胱氨酸 0 0 5 %。最后使用优化出的增菌培养基配比测定生长曲线 ,同时测定 pH和滴定酸度的变化 ,确定增菌培养终止时间为 1 2h ,通过平板菌落计数 ,此时菌数可达 2 9× 1 0 9cfu/mL。     

两歧双歧杆菌1.1852的工业化发酵工艺

通过优化获得适合双歧杆菌工业化生产的,成本低廉的工艺条件。通过单因素试验,从番茄汁、低聚果糖、废糖蜜、马铃薯淀粉、玉米浆、豆饼粉6个因素中选出较优因素,并通过L9(3)4正交试验确定双歧杆菌发酵培养基的适宜配方及适宜发酵条件。结果表明:适宜的发酵培养基组成为番茄汁80ml/L、低聚果糖15g/L、废糖蜜20ml/L、玉米浆110mL/L、0.1%刃天青1mL/L、吐温-801mL/L、盐溶液40mL/L及L-半胱氨酸盐酸0.5g/L;适宜的培养条件为温度40℃、起始pH6.8、接种量3%,发酵时间32h。优化得到的培养基成本较低,发酵条件简单易控,适合双歧杆菌工业化生产。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press