碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料及其应用

碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能、热性能及电性能,因此在聚合物复合材料领域具有巨大的应用潜力。本文侧重介绍碳纳米管在聚合物中作为增强相、功能填料和智能元件方面的应用研究情况,讨论了碳纳米管聚合物复合材料界面、力学性能及应用研究存在的问题,展望了碳纳米管在航空航天复合材料领域的应用前景。     

碳纳米管表面改性及其在聚合物中的应用

碳纳米管作为一种纳米材料,具有独特的结钩和性能,使其表现出特殊的力学、物理、化学、电学性能,以碳纳米管作增强体的聚合物复合材料具有广阔的应用前景,已成为近几年聚合物纳米复合材料研究的热点。但由于碳纳米管表面相对“惰性”,很难在聚合物中分散,斋对其表面进行改性。本文简要介绍了碳纳米管的结钩与性能,综述了碳纳米管的表面改性力一法,包括表面化学反应改性、表面活性剂改性、聚合物包覆改性等,并介绍r碳纳米管在改善聚合物力学性能、热性能、电学性能和摩擦性能等力一面的应用进展,最后指出了其今后的研究方向。     

高强度碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备和应用

介绍了碳纳米管的结构和碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法——溶液共混法、熔融法、原位聚合法和化学修饰法等。结合碳纳米管的特性,综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料在力学性能的增强、电极材料、生物医学材料等方面的应用。     

非导电聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料研究进展

碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能和独特的电学性能等 ,是聚合物基体复合材料的理想增强材料。本文按不同非导电聚合物基体类型进行了归纳 ,评述了非导电聚合物基体碳纳米管复合材料的制备、性能和应用等情况。     

碳纳米管／聚合物复合材料的研究进展

综述了碳纳米管／聚合物复合材料的最新研究进展。重点介绍了碳纳米管／不同种类聚合物复合材料的制备方法、表面改性和碳纳米管增强复合材料的力学性能。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料研究进展

介绍了碳纳米管(CNTs)的物理改性方法和化学改性方法,特别综述了CNTs/聚合物复合材料的制备方法(静电纺丝法和层层自组装法),并简单介绍了其独特的力学性能、电学性能和光学性能。最后对CNTs/聚合物复合材料研究归纳了一些现存的问题,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

非导电聚合物／碳纳米管功能复合材料研究进展

碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能、独特的电学性能和电磁波吸收性能等,是非导电聚合物基体的理想增强材料。综述了近年来非导电聚合物／碳纳米管复合材料的制备和性能研究等情况,并讨论了今后的研究发展方向。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的制备方法,特别强调了碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散和排列;综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料研究在力学、电学、热学、阻燃性能等方面所取得的进展,并详细讨论了碳纳米管的长径比、碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散效果及排列对碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料性能的影响;最后探讨了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料进一步发展所面临的机遇和挑战.     

有机聚合物／无机化合物纳米复合阻燃材料研究进展

综述了有机聚合物／无机化合物纳米复合阻燃材料的研究和应用现状。阐述的纳米复合阻燃材料包括有机聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料、有机聚合物／碳纳米管纳米复合材料、有机聚合物／二氧化硅纳米复合材料、有机聚合物／石墨纳米复合材料等。与传统无机阻燃剂填充阻燃材料相比,这类新型纳米复合阻燃材料的填料与基体的亲合性、基体的物理力学性能和阻燃性能等均得到改善。     

碳纳米管增强聚合物复合材料研究进展

综述了碳纳米管增强聚合物复合材料研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管的力学性能、碳纳米管增强聚合物的制备方法,阐述了近年来原位聚合、电纺丝、层层自组装等方法在这类复合材料制备中的应用。     

Multi‐scale hybrid composites‐based carbon nanotubes

Since the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been discovered, there has been a marked increase in the scientific literature dealing with multi‐scale composites. The multi‐scale hybrid composites with CNTs could endow the composites with some superior mechanical properties, such as improving the tensile performance, modest increasing compressive and flexural properties, and significantly enhancing interlaminar, interfacial and fracture strength. In addition, composites with CNTs can also develop the functional properties. A small quantity of CNTs can significantly increase the electrical properties of composites and lower the coefficient of thermal expansion of composites. The purpose of this work is to review the available literature in mechanical and functional properties of multi‐scale hybrid composites manufactured using CNTs. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备与表征

采用预聚体法制备了聚氨酯/碳纳米管(PU/CNTs)复合材料,考察了该复合材料中CNTs含量对复合材料电性能、力学性能和热性能的影响及复合材料的微观结构。结果表明,碳纳米管在聚氨酯体系中能够较好地分散;扩链/交联剂对PU/CNTs复合材料的导电性能影响较大,TMP比MOCA交联的PU/CNTs复合材料导电性能好;用TMP作交联剂制备的PU/CNTs复合材料的力学性能明显低于以MOCA为扩链剂的PU/CNTs复合材料的力学性能;随着CNTs的加入,PU/CNTs复合材料储能模量和耗能模量明显增加,复合材料的阻尼性能大幅度提高。     

聚氨酯／碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展

近年来,利用碳纳米管制备聚氨酯复合材料引起人们的高度重视。本文对聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展状况进行综述。概述了聚氨酯和碳纳米管的性质以及碳纳米管的改性处理方法;介绍了聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备方法,包括物理共混法和原位聚合法;讨论了碳纳米管对复合材料力学性能、电学性能、光学性能以及其他性能的影响。结果表明,碳纳米管的加入使得复合材料在上述性能方面都有不同程度的改善。最后探讨了该研究领域存在的问题及今后可能的发展方向。     

Molecular dynamics simulation of mechanical properties and interaction energy of polythiophene/polyethylene/poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) and CNTs composites

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have very important applications in ultrastrong lightweight materials. CNTs can improve mechanical properties of polymer matrix such as breaking stress and Young's modulus. In this article, we studied the interaction between polythiophene (PT)/polyethylene (PE)/poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV) and CNTs by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation based on a reactive force field (ReaxFF). We studied the influence of CNT diameter, polymer type, and temperature on interaction energy. We found that a large radius CNT at low temperature shows the strongest interaction energy with PT. In addition, we computed the mechanical properties of CNTs‐polymer composites such as the breaking stress, breaking strain, and Young's modulus. Our results show that there is a direct relation between mechanical properties and interaction energy. We found that the mechanical properties of CNTs‐PT composite are better than CNTs‐PPV and CNTs‐PE and it is a good candidate for ultrastrong lightweight materials. We studied the influence of temperature on the mechanical properties. Our results show that CNTs‐polymer composites show stronger mechanical properties at low temperature. We found that ReaxFF can reproduce the other force fields results and it is a very powerful force field to study the various properties of CNTs‐polymer composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2261–2268, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

碳纳米管/橡胶复合材料的研究进展

介绍了碳纳米管(C NTs)的预处理方式,主要有纯化处理和表面改性2种方式,概述了CNTs/橡胶复合材料的制备方法,包括机械混炼法、溶液共混法和喷雾干燥法,以及复合材料的物理机械性能、电学性能、热学性能等性能,并根据复合材料的性能缺陷提出今后的研究方向.     

Tailoring Carbon Fiber/Carbon Nanotubes Interface to Optimize Mechanical Properties of Cf‐CNTs/SiC Composites

C_f/SiC composites were fabricated using fiber coatings including CNTs and matrix infiltration using the polymer impregnation and pyrolysis process. Interface between fiber and CNTs (CF/CNTs) was tailored to optimize mechanical properties of hybrid composites. The tailored interphases, such as Pyrocarbon (PyC) and PyC/SiC, protect fibers from degradation during the growth of CNTs successfully. Hybrid composites with well‐tailored CF/CNTs interface displayed significantly increased mechanical strength (352 ± 21 MPa) compared with that (34 ± 3 MPa) of composites reinforced with CNTs, which grown on carbon fibers directly. The interfacial bonding strength of hybrid composites was improved and optimized by tailoring the CF/CNTs interface. Interfacial failure modes were studied, and a firm interface bonding at the joint where CNTs grown was observed.     

反应热压烧结制备（SiC,CNTs）/ZrB2陶瓷复合材料及其性能研究

以硅、活性碳和碳纳米管为添加剂,在1900℃、30 MPa条件下制备出了（Si C,CNTs）/Zr B2陶瓷基复合材料。研究了CNTs添加量对复合材料致密度和力学性能的影响。借助X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析了复合材料的物相组成和微观结构。研究结果表明：随着CNTs含量的增加,复合材料的致密度和力学性能呈先增加后减小的变化趋势。复合材料力学性能的提高主要归因于致密度的提高、晶粒的减小和CNTs的桥联、拔出机制。     

碳纳米管/聚氨酯功能复合材料的制备与应用

介绍了碳纳米管的处理、碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法：碳纳米管的处理方法有表面处理改性和局部活化改性2种; 碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法有物理共混法和原位聚合法。结合碳纳米管和聚氨酯的特性,综述了碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料在力学性能的增强、电子材料、智能材料、生物医学材料和节能材料等方面的应用,并对CNTs/PU复合材料未来的研究工作提出了几点意见。