三峡水利枢纽溢流坝挑流基岩冲刷研究

本文介绍了作者采用能量计算法,放大岩块模拟试验法,以及量测冲坑底部脉动压强来估测冲坑稳定等三种方法,通过综合论证,求得了三峡大坝下游岩基冲刷极限深度值。结果表明:前两种方法所得各典型水位下的冲深值能相互验证,第三种方法能佐证第二种方法,因而说明所得的极限冲深值有较高的可信度。此外,本文在岩基冲刷问题研究方法上也具有较高的学术价值。     

Characteristic features of the cap on the service spillway at the Bureya hydroproject and some results of its laboratory and field investigations

Characteristic features of the cap on the service spillway at the Bureya hydroproject are examined. Some results of laboratory and field investigations are presented. Tests during passage of the 2009 spring flood indicated that the cap and its air-conducting system function in conformity with design requirements and results of its laboratory investigations.     

GFRP管混凝土轴压短柱承载力研究

为研究GFRP管约束混凝土柱在轴心受压时的承载力,更好的应用于工程实际,采用有限元软件ABAQUS模拟分析不同的GFRP管管壁厚度、混凝土强度等级以及钢骨截面形式、钢骨强度等因素对GFRP管混凝土组合柱轴压力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:数值计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;增加GFRP管厚度、提高混凝土强度等级以及增加钢骨截面积等能提高组合柱承载力。     

建筑施工企业内部质量体系审核

在已通过ISO9000质量体系认证的建筑企业，通过质量体系的内部审核来进行质量体系的评价。审核组在内审实施前先进行一系列的审核准备及审核策划。现场审核以首次会议开始，审核过程中审核员运用各种审核方法和技巧收集审核证据，进行分析后开具不符合报告或观查项，并以末次会议结束现场审核。在现场审核结束后，将审核结果形成报告提交，并对纠正措施的实话过程及结果进行跟踪控制。内部审核为企业各部门提供了改进的机会和建议，是积极、有效的。     

鲁布革水电站心墙堆石坝应力应变计算与原型观测成果对比分析

鲁布革水电站心墙堆石坝采用总应力法和有效应力法计算程序进行计算和分析。成果表明：总应力法比有效应力法大些；平面有限元比三维有限元大些。如心墙的最大沉降值；平面总应力法比平面有效应法大１９．５％，平面有效应力法比三维大１０％左右；有效应力法与原型观测值比较接近。总的看来应力和位移的分布规律大体上一致。     

平面掺气散裂射流特性

本文根据部分掺气散裂射流的特性，提出了相应的物理模式与数学模式，并通过简化与相似分析得到了掺气散裂射流的半宽，水挟气泡区的半宽，水核区的半宽和射流掺混区与水挟气泡区边界处的含气浓度随射流初始条件的变化，并将计算结果与实验结果进行了比较，结果表明，两者甚为一致。     

泄水陡坡后消力池的水跃特性数值模拟

水跃消能是水利工程中经常采用的消能形式,国内外许多学者对水跃进行了大量的研究。在工程实践中发现,泄水陡坡后消力池内水跃的水力特征值与规范方法计算得到的值有较大差异。通过对不同坡度的陡坡后消力池内水跃特性进行数值模拟,结合室内模型试验,分析了陡坡消力池内陡坡坡度与水跃长度的关系,并对比了数值模拟所得的水跃长度值与经验公式及模型试验结果。研究结果表明,数值模拟结果与实测值相对误差较小,经验公式的计算结果误差较大。因此,在今后实际工程设计中,可通过数值模拟的方法对陡坡后消力池长度进行初设。     

超软淤泥地基最终沉降量探讨

超软淤泥地基的计算参数难以准确测定,沉降计算条件比较复杂,造成其最终沉降量难以精确计算,一般根据工程现场实测沉降资料来进行推算,工程中常用的推算方法有三点法、Asaoka法和双曲线法。本文根据工程实测沉降资料分别采用上述三种方法来推求超软淤泥地基的最终沉降量,三点法推求结果和Asaoka法推求结果基本一致,双曲线法推求结果明显大于三点法。建议采用双曲线法推求超软淤泥地基的最终沉降量。     

百色水利枢纽中孔闸门支撑梁应力计算分析

百色水利枢纽中孔闸门支撑梁平均净跨６．６６ｍ,梁高５ｍ,跨高比１．３３,属于深梁范围。该梁放置于两侧支墩上。按淡同的梁跨及支承条件,分析计算梁的内力（应力）情况,并与有限元计算结果进行比较,说明结果的差异,可供设计参考。     

循环加载历史对混凝土断裂特性影响的试验研究

本文研究了循环加载历史对混凝土断裂韧度及断裂能的影响。用楔入劈拉试验对混凝土试块施加频率为１０Ｈｚ的高频预加拉伸荷载，测出荷载－位移全过程曲线，通过与未承受加载历史的混凝土准静态断裂参数比较，发现当预加拉伸荷载强度超过一特定值后，混凝土的抗裂能力显著降低，因此，混凝土的断裂参数不是独立于加载历史的物理量。     

珠江网河二维水动力数值计算研究

通过ECOMSED数学模型对珠江网河广州区域进行数值模拟计算。计算区域为老鸦岗、沙洛围、大石、黄埔水位站组成的闭合区域,采用贴体自适应网格技术。计算结果显示,水位、流速、流量计算值与观测值都吻合较好,结果令人满意。并应用到广州地铁过江隧道建设的水文特征分析中。     

闸坝安全监测模型构建及运用

统计模型是大坝安全监测资料分析中最常模型,是建立混合模型的基础.主要构建闸坝位移以及扬压力安全监测的统计模型,井运用于某闸坝工程.结果表明,所构建的安全监测模型合理,可行.     

南流江合浦城区河段防洪设计洪水分析

通过南流江干流各水文站基本资料统计分析,对历史洪水调查、文献资料考证及洪水成因和特性了解,利用常乐水文站、文利站实测水位流量资料推算常乐水文站、周江口设计洪水成果,根据河道实测断面和常乐水文站设计洪峰流量相应水位,推算总江口~常乐站水面线,并分析计算防洪设计洪水及成果合理性论证,为合浦城区防洪工程设计提供可靠依据。     

Laboratory investigation of the hydroelastic effect on liquid sloshing in rectan- gular tanks

A sloshing experiment is conducted to study the hydroelastic effect in an elastic tank. For this purpose, a translational harmonic excitation is applied to a 2-D rectangular tank model. The lowest-order natural frequencies of the liquid in the tank are determined through the sweep test. The wave elevation and the sloshing pressure are obtained by changing the excitation frequency and the liquid depth. Then the characteristics and the variation of the elevation and the pressure are discussed. The results are compared with the experimental results and the theoretical calculations in a rigid tank. Our analysis indicates that, in the non- resonant cases, the elastic results, the rigid experimental results and the theoretical values are all close to each other. In contrast, under the resonant condition, the elastic experimental result is slightly smaller than the rigid one. Also, the theoretical values are smaller than the experimental results at the resonant frequency.     

Evaluation of the Logarithmic Law of the Wall for River Flows

The logarithmic law of the wall is commonly used to determine the shear stress applied to the river bed by the flow field. The shear stress calculation requires a velocity profile at the location of interest—data that can be obtained with a boat‐mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP). ADCP survey procedures use either a fixed‐vessel (FV) or moving‐vessel (MV) with each providing different spatial and temporal resolution. MV procedures require significantly less field effort but the data lack the temporal resolution of FV measurements. This fact has motivated investigators to seek MV procedures and analysis techniques that provide equivalent results to FV measurements. This study compares results of the two survey procedures for depth‐averaged quantities (velocity and flow direction), mean velocity profiles, shear velocity and equivalent sand grain roughness. Mean velocity profiles are produced by time averaging for the FV measurements and spatial averaging for the MV measurements. Shear velocity and equivalent sand grain roughness are determined using simple linear regression applied to the logarithmic law of the wall. These procedures are demonstrated using data obtained during bankfull flow on the lower Roanoke River, North Carolina, USA. The results indicate comparable estimates of depth‐averaged quantities from both survey procedures. Estimates of the mean velocity profiles were found to be more variable. The agreement for shear velocity and equivalent sand grain roughness was generally poor indicating that further work is necessary to produce comparable results with MV survey procedures. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

挟沙水流中沙粒对底壁湍流猝发的影响

本文在常规的边界层方程中保留了法向压力梯度项和增加了固粒对流体的使用项，结合Ｂａｔｃｈｅｏｌｒ对交界面提供的分析方法和小扰动稳定性理论，由理论分析和计算得到了包括沙粒之类的悬浮体的尺寸，比重，流动Ｒｅ数，两相速度差以及扰动波数与水流底壁湍流猝发角的关系，计算结果与Ｒａｓｈｉｄｉ等的实验结果相符。文中所得结果有助于进一步了解江河底部水流的流动特性以及泥沙的沉积和输运机理。     

曹娥江船闸引航道冲淤研究

曹娥江船闸引航道冲淤面貌采用泥沙数学模型和泥沙实体模型进行研究.两种模型均采用与船闸引航道内水流、泥沙运动特性相类似的陶家路闸下引潮沟现场冲淤试验资料进行验证,结果基本满意.     

Analyses of the stability of submerged ice blocks

This paper proposes the critical conditions for a submerged ice block beneath an intact ice cover to become unstable,as a fundamental component of any numerical model to successfully predict the ice jam formation or the ice jam release events.The flume model experimental and numerical simulation methods are both applied to analyze the stability of submerged ice blocks.The flume model experiment is first conducted,and the experimental results indicate that the influencing factors of the stability of a submerged ice block include the relative length,the relative water depth and the relative width.It was shown that the effect of the relative width on the stability of submerged ice blocks was not well studied.Based on the experimental results,the k-eturbulence model is applied to establish a 3-D numerical model for studying the pressure distribution beneath submerged ice blocks.The effects of the relative width on the Venturi pressure and the leading edge pressure are evaluated.Finally,according to the force balance equation and the moment balance equation,this paper proposes a computational formula for the sliding and underturning critical conditions of submerged ice blocks,and the results are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

小浪底水利枢纽三条明流洞设计综述

小浪底水利枢纽是黄河上特大型控制性工程，三条明流泄洪洞是该枢纽的主要泄洪建筑物。本文从７个方面论述了明流洞设计指导思想、设计特点及其结果，内容包括：主要基本资料（主要数据及工程地质、水文地质条件）；设计原则和要求；建筑物布置及结构型式确定；水力设计及水工模型试验；减蚀抗磨措施设计；支护设计（支护类型与支护参数）等。此外，还简要地分析了设计中需重点研究的技术性问题，提出了解决问题的方法。     

The results of systems tests of the 500 kV busbar controllable shunting reactor in the Tavricheskaya substation

The results of systems tests of the 500 kV busbar magnetization-controllable shunting reactor (CSR), set up in the Tavricheskaya substation, including measurements of the quality of the electric power, the harmonic composition of the network currents of the reactor for different values of the reactive power consumed, the determination of the regulating characteristics of the reactor, the speed of response of the shunting reactor in the current and voltage stabilization modes, and also the operation of the reactor under dynamic conditions for different perturbations, are presented. The results obtained are analyzed.