ST14钢激光拼焊板焊缝组织及成形性能分析

对1.5mm和0.8mm两种规格的ST14钢等厚激光拼焊板焊缝部位进行杯突试验,比较焊缝与母材杯突值;再对由这两种规格组合拼焊的不等厚激光拼焊板进行单向拉伸试验,检验拼焊板经拉伸后的断裂部位;分析焊缝区组织及其硬度变化,研究激光焊接参数变化对ST14钢拼焊板成形性能的影响.结果表明,焊缝深冲性能低于母材,焊缝杯突值受焊接速度影响,随焊接速度增加而增加;激光焊缝抗拉强度高于母材;对于1.5 mm拼焊板,提高焊接速度,加快焊缝冷却,有利于生成细小的针状铁素体,可提高激光拼焊板的成形性能;而0.8 mm板焊缝生成晶粒细小的粒状贝氏体组织,可使焊缝区材料成形性能接近母材;焊缝及其热影响区的硬度高于母材硬度.     

拼焊板等离子体弧柔性成形数值模拟

采用等离子体弧作为热源对低碳钢差厚拼焊板进行弯曲成形研究,并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对差厚拼焊板进行弯曲成形模拟。通过分析匀速恒功率热源、变速恒功率热源及匀速变功率热源扫描差厚拼焊板的温度梯度和应力分布,给出了一种较好的拼焊板热成形方法,最后通过试验对有限元分析结果进行了验证。     

差厚激光拼焊板盒形件的数值模拟研究

拼焊板技术在汽车制造业中得到了广泛的应用。焊缝存在是导致拼焊板成形性能降低的重要影响因素，因此研究控制焊缝移动非常重要。通过对盒形件拉深过程的应力分析，得到了焊缝移动规律。基于非线性隐式算法，选用各向异性屈服准则对盒形件拉深进行了数值模拟；数值模拟中采用阶梯压边圈，并精确建立了焊缝模型。通过对模拟结果的应力、单元厚度分析，比较模拟结果和试验的吻合程度，验证了应力分析和模拟结果的正确性。     

拼焊板车门内板冲压成形工艺研究

采用数值模拟软件Dynaform 5．5对某拼焊板车门内板的拉深成形工艺进行研究,探讨不同压边力和拉延筋对该复杂曲面零件成形性能以及焊缝移动的影响规律。通过调整压边力和拉延筋等工艺参数得到了成形性能较好且焊缝移动趋势较小的车门内板零件。     

Influence of weld geometry and mismatch on formability of aluminium tailor welded blanks: numerical and experimental analysis

Abstract

The forming behaviour of tailor welded blanks (TWBs) has been widely studied since its development. In the numerical simulation studies, the TWBs are modelled as blanks composed of two different materials, and often, the presence of the weld bead is neglected in its finite element discretisation. In the present work, the influence of the weld bead shape on the formability of friction stir welded TWBs, is analysed. Several finite element meshes were constructed in order to represent different weld bead geometries and numerical simulations of the cylindrical cup drawing were performed. Strong influence of the weld bead shape on the formability of the TWBs was observed when the weld was in overmatch relatively to the base material, and little influence when the weld was in undermatch condition. Comparison of the numerical results with experimental ones shows that the numerical analysis is able to preview the formability of the TWBs.     

Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Friction-Stir Welded Tailor-Welded Blank of Aluminum Alloy 5754

Friction stir welding is becoming increasingly desirable in many applications, including tailor-welded blanks in which two sheets of different thicknesses are joined together to form blanks that can be subsequently stamped into a final product shape. In this article, we have studied the static tensile and tension-tension fatigue behavior of friction stir welded joint in a tailor-welded blank of aluminum alloy 5754. It was observed that the yield and tensile strengths of friction stir welded specimens with weld located 90° to the tensile direction are close to the base material values, but its elongation is nearly half the elongation for the base material. The friction stir welded joints had relatively high-fatigue strength, and was even superior to that of the base aluminum alloy in the high-cycle region. Pre-straining caused by press forming lowered the elongation to failure, but improved the fatigue performance.     

基于正交试验和灰色系统理论的拼焊板前纵梁成形优化

影响拼焊板冲压成形的工艺参数较多,难以精确建立工艺参数与成形质量之间的关系。以压边力、拉延筋高度、凸筋圆角半径、凹筋圆角半径为自变量,进行四因素四水平正交试验,模拟拼焊板前纵梁拉延成形过程,获得最大减薄率和最大焊缝移动量的数据。利用灰色系统理论,分别计算成形工艺参数对单目标函数的关联系数和多目标函数的关联度,将多目标转换为以关联度为目标的单目标。进一步计算各成形工艺参数的平均关联度,将优化的压边力、拉延筋截面几何参数进行有限元模拟验证,指导设计、试模,成形的质量得到明显提高。     

基于BP-GA的拼焊板拉深成形工艺优化

基于BP神经网络与遗传算法建立了多目标优化模型,对拼焊板拉深质量评价指标进行详细分析,提出了一种改进的拼焊板拉深成形多目标优化函数。将所建立的BP-GA模型用于某车型中柱拼焊板拉深成形,将有限元分析结果作为训练样本,得到模型最大厚度、最小厚度(拼焊板两侧),以及焊缝移动最大误差3.23%、6.16%、0.47%、2.64%、6.65%。利用遗传算法寻找最佳的工艺参数,实验证明,基于BP-GA的拼焊板拉深成形工艺优化模型,能够对生产实践提供有效指导。     

镁合金拼焊板冲压成形过程数值模拟

借助MSC-Marc模拟软件,采用大变形弹塑性有限元法,建立了镁合金拼焊板筒形件冲压成形有限元模型,对相同厚度、不同成分的镁合金拼焊板冲压成形过程进行了数值模拟。得到了筒形件底部及侧壁法兰处焊缝移动规律;分析了压边力及板料初始温度对焊缝移动情况的影响。对于拼焊板冲压成形的研究具有一定意义。     

拼焊板深拉延成形模具结构及实验研究

设计了拼焊板拉延成形模具结构，并对相同材料不同厚度的拼焊板方盒形件拉延工艺进行了实验研究，分析了拼焊板方盒形件拉延后焊缝移动规律及壁厚变化规律。实验结果表明，盒形件底部焊缝向厚板侧移动、侧壁处焊缝向薄板侧移动的焊缝移动规律。     

拼焊板成形极限研究进展

板料厚度和性质差别以及焊缝的存在改变了传统的单一板材塑性成形中的金属流动规律,使得拼焊板成形极限表现出自己的特点.当前国外学者初步研究了材料厚度比、载荷形式、轧制方向等若干因素对拼焊板成形极限的影响规律;拼焊板的成形极限图目前主要通过实验法建立.拼焊板成形极限的主要影响因素及其影响规律、拼焊板成形极限图的建立方法有待深入研究.     

差厚拼焊板辊弯成形仿真研究

利用MSC.MARC软件对差厚拼焊板辊弯成形过程进行了数值模拟分析,探讨了薄厚两侧等效应力不均匀性的产生原因并给出了其分布规律,对比分析了同种材料薄厚两侧应力的差异.通过对薄厚两侧的回弹角的对比分析表明:当板厚比为0.67时,材料强度比为1.4时可以得到较好的成形结果;当强度比为1时,材料板厚比小于2时可以得到较好的成...     

拼焊板盒形件充液拉深的数值模拟

随着汽车行业对能源消耗和汽车尾气排放的要求,应用拼焊板成形技术显得越来越重要.以差厚拼焊板拉深方盒件为研究对象,采用板料成形分析软件DYNAFORM对充液拉深和传统拉深工艺进行分析和对比.研究发现,盒形件不同部位其焊缝有不同的移动趋势,传统拉深最大焊缝移动量发生在盒形件底部中心处,充液拉深件焊缝移动最大量发生在侧壁顶部,增大充液拉深凹模油腔的压力,可以有效地减少焊缝移动量和坯料的减簿量.     

Combined tube and double sheet hydroforming for the manufacturing of complex parts

Modern lightweight construction, especially in the automotive industry, requires more and more complex components, which can be manufactured in one process step using the hydroforming technology. The combination of the tube and double sheet hydroforming is a new forming process, where a tube and two blanks are formed simultaneously in a die cavity, combining the advantages of both hydroforming variants. This paper deals with the fundamental considerations and investigations related to connection between tube and double sheet. The finite element analysis and laboratory trials were used in order to design the shape of the die cavity and to avoid wrinkles, material tearing and the collapse of the tube section during forming. The paper will also illustrate an analytical model for the prediction of the edge shape in the constrained bulging of a rectangular cup together with several technical solutions, which enabled a complete forming of the investigated part. Finally, the definition of a hydroforming material factor based on the analytical model of the hydraulic bulging process enables the right choice of sheets with different material strength and thickness for the hydroforming of hybrid components.     

激光拼焊板焊接工艺参数的优化

为了得到最优的焊接工艺参数,提高拼焊板的成形性能,采用脉冲激光器对DC04薄板进行焊接,通过进行多组试验,对比研究了各个焊接工艺参数对焊接过程、焊缝的宏观现象及微观组织的影响,从而得到各个焊接工艺参数的可选区间.设计了1组三因素三水平的正交试验,得到了最优化的1组焊接工艺参数.试验表明,采用工艺参数为:焊接电压270V...     

Microstructural and mechanical investigation of aluminum tailor-welded blanks

The push to manufacture lighter-weight vehicles has forced the auto industry to look to alternative materials than steel for vehicle body structures. Aluminum is one such material that can greatly decrease the weight of vehicle body structures and is also consistent with existing manufacturing processes. As in steel structures, cost and weight can be saved in aluminum structures with the use of tailored blanks. These blanks consist of two or more sheets of dissimilar thicknesses and/or properties joined together through some type of welding process. This enables the design engineer to “tailor” the blank to meet the exact needs of a specific part. Cost savings can be gained by the elimination of reinforcement parts and the stamping dies used to manufacture them. Weight savings can be attained based on the fact that one thicker piece is more efficient than a welded structure and therefore can allow for down-gauging of parts. Although tailor-welded blanks (twbs) offer both potential weight and cost benefits, the continuous weldline and thickness differential in twbs can often result in difficulty in stamping. This problem is more severe in aluminum because of its limited formability as compared with typical drawing-quality steels. Additionally, welding of steel twbs tends to increase the strength of the weld material, which helps prevent failure in the weld during forming. Aluminum twbs do not experience this increase in strength and therefore may have a greater tendency to fail in the weld. In this study, several aspects of twbs manufactured from 6111-T4, 5754-O, and 5182-O aluminum alloys were analyzed and compared with those of a more conventional steel twb. The effect of gauge mismatch on the formability of these blanks is discussed as well as the overall potential of these blanks for automotive applications.     

TC4钛合金激光焊对接接头超塑变形显微组织

采用金相显微镜观察了钛合金激光对接接头超塑性变形前后各区域显微组织,并分析其形成机理.结果表明,变形温度的增加或应变速率的降低有利于TC4合金接头超塑变形,母材晶粒发生一定程度的长大,且α相的数量相对减小,而晶间β相数量逐渐增加,两相都有等轴化趋势;焊缝超塑性变形时,针状组织增厚成为片层状.变形过程中片层组织被打断,片层长度变短,具有球化的趋势;超塑性变形后焊缝截面显微硬度最大为380 HV,与变形前焊缝相比降低约50 HV,满足实际承载需求.     

液压夹紧装置在差厚激光拼焊板冲压中的研究

破裂和焊缝移动是差厚激光拼焊板成形中存在的两个主要问题.利用塑性力学,对焊缝移动进行了力学分析.为提高激光拼焊板的成形性能,设计了液压夹紧装置,并解释了装置的原理.通过门内板拼焊板的冲压成形实验,比较了使用液压缸前后拼焊板的焊缝移动变化和板厚变化情况.实验表明,夹紧装置能有效地控制差厚拼焊板成形中焊缝的移动,能减少薄侧板材的变薄,从而提高拼焊板的整体成形性能.     

差厚激光拼焊板焊缝偏移产生的原因与控制方法

介绍了差厚激光拼焊板具有的优点和生产过程中存在的问题,分析了差厚激光拼焊板焊缝偏移产生的原因,提出通过调节拉深筋高度以及焊缝偏移补偿法来控制焊缝的偏移,取得了较好的效果。