Ti-Ni合金上镀制类金刚石薄膜研究

利用脉冲真空电弧离子镀技术在Ti-Ni形状记忆合金上成功地镀制了类金刚石薄膜，测试了膜层的电阻率，进行了Raman散射和扫描电镜（SEM）分析，并对两种工艺方法的优劣进行了比较。     

类金刚石薄膜挺柱的制备与性能

采用磁控溅射的方法,利用氩气和甲烷为气源,在中国第一汽车股份有限公司自主研发的发动机配气机构的挺柱上制备类金刚石(DLC)薄膜。利用摩擦磨损试验机和发动机配气机构试验台架,研究了DLC涂层挺柱的摩擦学行为及其对发动机节能的影响。试验结果表明,在边界润滑条件下,DLC涂层挺柱的摩擦因数比原零件降低67%,抗磨损性能大幅度提高;在实际使用工况下,配气机构的摩擦损失降低6%。DLC涂层零件可以降低发动机摩擦损失,适用于汽车低碳技术路线。     

Tribological properties of nanostructured n-Al_2O_3/Ni coatings deposited by plasma spraying

1INTRODUCTION Nanostructuredmaterialsareofprimeinterestsincetheyshouldexhibitsuperiorpropertiesin comparisonwithconventionalmaterials(i.e.mi crostructured).Thermalsprayingisregardedasoneofthepossiblemethodstodepositnanostruc turedcoatings.Researchworkshav…     

TiN／CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique

TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited on high speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure and composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). A high adhesion of up to 80 N was demonstrated by scratching tests for the multilayered coatings. Nanoindentation tests were performed to determine the hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings as a function of the multiplayer modulation period. It was observed that the hardness of the multilayered coatings is higher than those of either TiN or CrN single coatings, and it increases with decreasing modulation periods, which is consistent with predictions from the Hall-Petch type strengthening mechanism, though at small modulation periods, deviation from the Hall-Petch relation has been observed for the multilayered coatings. The life-span of drills coated with TiN/CrN multilayered is triple as long as that coated with TiN layer.     

Tribological properties of nanostructured n -Al2O3/Ni coatings deposited by plasma spraying

Nanostructured n-Al₂O₃/Ni feedstock for thermal spraying was manufactured by the method of chemical wrapping and spray drying. The nanostructured coating was sprayed with this feedstock. Tribological properties of the coatings and steel 45# were tested. Within the testing range, the friction coefficient of coatings against GCr15 steel decreased and the mass loss of coatings increased at first then decreased with the increase of load. Under each load, the coatings’ fraction coefficients and wear losses were lower lower than that of steel 45#. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer analysis show that adhesion is the dominating wear mechanism, and fatigue exists at the same time. Material transferred from counter-part to the coating is the main factor which influences the coatings’ friction coefficient and wear losses.     

射频等离子体制备类金刚石薄膜及其表征

采用射频等离子体技术,以CH4和H2为反应气体,在单晶硅片和载玻玻璃片上成功制备出了高质量的类金刚石薄膜．采用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、Raman光谱、红外光谱、显微硬度计表征了类金刚石薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构、光学性能和复合硬度．结果表明,制备出的类金刚石薄膜表面十分平整光滑,表面粗糙度极低,平均粗糙度Ra为0．492nm;薄膜中含有sp^2,sp^3杂化键,具有典型的类金刚石结构特征;光学透过率比较高,薄膜的复合硬度可以高达507．3kgf／cm^2．     

Oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperature intensity and excellent erosion, high-temperature oxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential low cost high-temperature structural materials. But the room temperature brittleness induces shape difficult and limits its industrial application. The Fe-Al intermetallic coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology with cored wire on 20G steel, which will not only obviate the problems faced in fabrication of these alloys into useful shapes, but also allow the effective use of their outstanding high-temperature performance. The Fe-Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology on 20G steel and the oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings was studied by means of thermogrativmetic analyzer at 450, 650 and 800°C. The results demonstrate that the kinetics curve of oxidation at three temperatures approximately follows the logarithmic law. The composition of the oxidized coating is mainly composed of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄ and FeO. These phases distribute unevenly. The protective Al₂O₃ film firstly forms and preserves the coatings from further oxidation. Foundation item: Project(50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(98BK014) supported by the Foundation of State Economy Trade Committee of China     

Oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperature intensity and excellent erosion, high-temperature oxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential low cost high-temperature structural materials. But the room tem perature brittleness induces shape difficult and limits its industrial application. The Fe-Al intermetallic coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology with cored wire on 20G steel, which will not only obviate the problems faced in fabrication of these alloys into useful shapes, but also allow the effective use of their outstanding high-temperature performance. The Fe-Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology on 20G steel and the oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings was studied by means of thermogrativmetic analyzer at 450, 650 and 800 ℃. The results demonstrate that the kinetics curve of oxidation at three temperatures approximately follows the logarithmic law. The composition of the oxidized coating is mainly composed of Al2 O3, Fe2 O3, Fe3 O4 and FeO. These phases distribute unevenly. The protective Al2 O3 film firstly forms and preserves the coatings from further oxidation.     

脉冲多弧离子镀制备类金刚石薄膜的结构分析

利用脉冲多弧离子镀技术在硅基底上沉积类金刚石薄膜．喇曼光谱和Ｘ 射线衍射分析表明：类金刚石薄膜是无定形结构;利用扫描电镜发现：类金刚石薄膜表面不光滑,石墨颗粒的大小和密度随厚度增加而增加,但薄膜致密．     

脉冲多弧离子镀沉积类金刚石薄膜的牢固度研究

利用脉冲多弧离子镀技术在硅基片上沉积类金刚石薄膜．分析了类金刚石薄膜的牢固度与各种工艺条件的关系．实验结果表明：基片的清洗、基片温度、主回路电压、脉冲频率、烘烤处理都强烈影响类金刚石薄膜的牢固度．同时从理论上分析了利用离子束辅助蒸发工艺可以进一步提高类金刚石薄膜的牢固度     

低氮掺杂对含氢类金刚石结构和力学性能的影响

为探讨低氮掺杂对含氢类金刚石组织结构和力学性能的影响.采用非平衡磁控溅射和等离子增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)复合技术,在316不锈钢和硅片上制备碳化钨过渡层和不同掺氮量的含氢类金刚石薄膜(a-C:H(N)).通过拉曼光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电镜(SEM)对薄膜组织结构进行表征,薄膜的硬度和残余应力采用微纳米力学综合测量系统和薄膜应力测量仪进行表征.结果表明随着氮掺杂,薄膜形成碳氮键(CN)且其主要以C=N键形式存在,C=N/CN的比值随着薄膜氮含量增加逐渐下降.同时当掺氮量从0增至0.12 at%时,薄膜I_D/I_G比值迅速下降,sp~2C=C/sp~3C-C比值由0.65降至0.563,而薄膜硬度基本不变,约为20.4 GPa,残余应力则由3.35 Gpa降至1.31 GPa;随着掺氮量进一步增加,sp~2C=C/sp~3C-C比值增加,薄膜硬度迅速下降,残余应力则缓慢降低.可知氮的掺杂对DLC薄膜结构的影响有临界值0.12 at%,当掺氮量低于该值时,氮掺杂促进sp~3杂化的形成,薄膜具有较高的sp~3杂化含量.而随着薄膜含氮量进一步增加,sp~3杂化含量下降.同时当低氮掺杂时,可获得具有较高硬度以及较低残余应力的薄膜.     

Structural and mechanical properties of amorphous carbon films deposited by the dual plasma technique

Direct current metal filtered cathodic vacuum are (FCVA) and acetylene gas (C2H2) were wielded to synthesize Ti-containing amorphous carbon films on Si (100). The influence of substrate bias voltage and acetylene gas on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the films were investigated. The results show that the phase of TiC in the (111) preferential crystallo-graphic orientation exists in the film, and rite main existing pattern of carbon is sp2. With increasing the acetylene flow rate, the con-tents of Ti and TiC phase of the film gradually reduce; however, the thickness of the film increases. When the substrate bias voltage reaches -600 V, the internal stress of the film reaches 1.6 GPa. The micro-hardness and elastic modulus of the film can reach 33.9 and 237.6 GPa, respectively, and the friction coefficient of the film is 0.25.     

梯度(Ti,Al)N涂层的微观结构与机械性能研究

利用电弧离子镀技术在航空发动机压气机用1Cr11Ni2W2MoV在不锈钢上沉积了（Ti,Al）N梯度涂层,X射线衍射的结果表明涂层为B1型（Nacl）单相结构,具有（220）择优取向．扫描电镜观察表明,涂层均匀致密,与基体结合良好．电子探针元素线分析和截面面分布表明,所制备的涂层是内层富TiN、外层富（Ti,Al）N的梯度涂层,试验结果表明,（Ti,Al）N梯度涂层具有良好的耐磨性等机械性能．     

脉冲电弧放电电离有机溶液制备碳膜的研究

利用脉冲电弧放电电离甲醇、乙醇、丙酮等有机溶液在常温、常压下制备了含金刚石成分的碳膜。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)，激光Raman光谱和傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)研究了薄膜的形貌和质量。结果表明：在相同的放电条件下甲醇比乙醇、丙酮等有机溶液等更有利于金刚石的合成；而提高放电电压和降低甲醇浓度有助于提高薄膜中金刚石成分的含量。     

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of arc sprayed Zn and Zn15Al coatings in simulated salina soil and neutral meadow soil solutions

Arc sprayed Zn and Zn15Al coatings were chosen to protect the metal ends of prestressed high-strength concrete (PHC) pipe piles against corrosion of salina soil in northern china and neutral meadow soil in northeast China. The corrosion behavior of the coated Q235 steel samples in two simulated soil solutions were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The experimental results show that the corrosion of the matrix Q235 steel in both simulated solutions is remarkably inhibited by Zn and Zn15Al coatings. The corrosion products on Zn and Zn15Al are thick, compact, firm and protective. The corrosion current density icorr of both Zn and Zn15Al-coated samples is decreased evidently with corrosion time, and the charge transfer resistance Rct is increased greatly. The corrosion resistance indexes of Zn and Zn15Al in simulated neutral meadow soil solution are more outstanding than those in salina soil. The corrosion resistance of Zn15Al in salina soil is slightly superior to that of Zn. When the sprayed coatings are sealed with epoxy resin, the corrosion resistance of the coatings is further enhanced markedly.     

镍基纳米碳管复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

利用化学镀方法制备镍基纳米碳管复合镀层,用扫描电镜分析了镀层的表面形貌,并用销-盘式磨损试验机研究了复合镀层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损行为.结果表明:纳米碳管均匀地嵌入在镍基体中,镍基纳米碳管复合镀层具有优良的耐磨性能;由于纳米碳管的自润滑作用,复合镀层的摩擦系数随着纳米碳管体积分数的增加而逐渐降低.     

Finite element and experimental analysis of Vickers indentation testing on Al2O3 with diamond-like carbon coating

Numerical simulation and experimental study of the Vickers indentation testing of the Al₂O₃ ceramic coated by diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer were conducted. The numerical analysis was implemented by a two-dimensional finite element (FE) axis symmetry model. FE analysis results gave insight into the fracture mechanism of DLC films coated on brittle ceramic (Al₂O₃) substrates. The maximum principal stress field was used to locate the most expected area for crack formation and propagation during the Vickers indentation testing. The results show that the median crack initiates in the interface under indenter, before ring crack occurs as the indenter presses down. Finally, the plastic deformation appears when the indenter penetrates into the substrate. The thicker DLC coating increases the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness.     

Preparation and electrochemical performance of MWCNTs@MnO2 nanocomposite for lithium ion batteries

Tubular nanocomposite with interconnected MnO2 nanoflakes coated on MWCNTs(MWCNTs@MnO2)was fabricated by an aqueous solution method at 80°C.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests were used to characterize the structures and electrochemical performances of the as-prepared nanocomposite.The capacity reaches 1233.6 mA h g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1 for the first discharge,and it can still maintain a capacity of 633.1mA h g-1 after 100 charge-discharge cycles.The results show that MWCNTs with good electrical conductivity as anchors of MnO2 can provide fast electron transport channels for MnO2 in the electrochemical reactions,and the as-prepared MWCNTs@MnO2 nanocomposite is a potential anode material for lithium ion batteries.     

Morphology and tribological properties of Ni/n-SiO_2 composite coatings by pulse-reverse current brush-plating

1INTRODUCTION Pulse reversecurrent(RC)platingisanew technologycomingwithpulsecurrent(PC)andre versecurrent.Onthisaspect,earlierstudiesmani festedthat[16],intheconditionofRC,theeffectofelectricdoublelayerwasrestrained,thecontrol ofcrystallinegrowthwasenfor…     

磁控溅射Ti掺杂NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性研究

为研究Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的机械和摩擦学特性,采用射频和直流磁控共溅射技术制备了Ti掺杂的NbN(Ti:NbN)薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、纳米压痕仪、高温摩擦磨损实验机分别对Ti掺杂的NbN薄膜的微观结构、组成成分、表面形貌、机械和摩擦学性能进行了研究.XRD测试结果显示,薄膜的结晶性随着Ti靶掺杂功率的增加(从0 W逐渐升高到40 W)而呈明显增强趋势,晶粒尺寸也由18.010 nm增加到21.227 nm.当Ti靶的掺杂功率为30 W时,NbN薄膜的硬度由4.5 GPa(未掺杂)增加到20.4 GPa,弹性模量由145.8 GPa(未掺杂)增加到224.5 GPa; 当Ti靶的掺杂功率为40 W时,NbN薄膜的摩擦系数由0.73(未掺杂)下降到0.51,磨损率由3.3×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm)(未掺杂)下降到2.1×10^-6 mm³/(N·mm).这表明,掺杂Ti可使NbN薄膜的机械性能和摩擦学性能得到很大的改善.