ICP–OES测定四氧化二氮中5种金属元素含量

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP–OES）测定四氧化二氮中铁、铬、镍、铝、钛5种金属元素含量的方法。5种金属元素在0～2.0 mg/L的测试范围内,线性相关系数均达0.999 9以上;各元素检出限为0.001～0.005 mg/L,加标回收率为92.5%～109.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于6%。该方法能满足四氧化二氮中5种金属元素含量的测试要求。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定凹凸棒黏土中的多种金属元素

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定凹凸棒黏土(ATP)中多种金属元素含量的方法,并与火焰原子吸收、原子荧光光谱以及化学分析法对部分金属元素的测定结果进行比较。结果显示,ICP-AES方法线性范围0～2.00 mg/L,相关系数0.999,最低检出浓度0.1～27.5μg/L,回收率92.5%～106.0%,RSD为0.93%～7.6%,测得的结果与其他测定方法相比无显著差异。ICP-AES法简便快速,化学干扰少、结果准确,可以应用于ATP中多种金属元素的含量测定。     

原子吸收光谱法快速测定松香皂中几种金属元素

提出了用原子吸收光谱法快速测定松香皂中几种金属元素的方法。考察了元素干扰情况及灰化温度。该方法快速、简便、准确 ,RSD为 0 .95 %～ 2 .2 1% ,回收率为 95 .6 %～ 10 8.7%。     

重度污染土壤中金属元素微波消解ICP-OES测定研究

按照实验室测定污染土壤的金属元素分析要求,从消除背景干扰、提高测定数据质量出发,对样品前处理和仪器分析的各环节进行了系统的试验研究,建立了重度污染土壤中金属元素的单硝酸微波消解ICP-OES测定方法,并对该方法进行了质量控制研究。结果表明,优化后的土壤称样量与硝酸用量比例为0.1 g土壤样品∶6 mL硝酸;该方法对9种金属的相关系数为0.999 0～0.999 9,各元素线性关系良好;最低检出限为0.04～3.48μg/L;最低检出浓度为0.02～1.74 mg/kg;基质加标平均回收率为92.1%～110%;相对标准偏差为0.27%～9.22%。方法在使用单一酸和减少酸用量的同时,能够满足重度污染土壤的金属元素分析要求。     

重度污染土壤中金属元素微波消解ICP-OES测定研究

按照实验室测定污染土壤的金属元素分析要求,从消除背景干扰、提高测定数据质量出发,对样品前处理和仪器分析的各环节进行了系统的试验研究,建立了重度污染土壤中金属元素的单硝酸微波消解ICP-OES测定方法,并对该方法进行了质量控制研究。结果表明,优化后的土壤称样量与硝酸用量比例为0.1 g土壤样品∶6 mL硝酸;该方法对9种金属的相关系数为0.999 0～0.999 9,各元素线性关系良好;最低检出限为0.04～3.48μg/L;最低检出浓度为0.02～1.74 mg/kg;基质加标平均回收率为92.1%～110%;相对标准偏差为0.27%～9.22%。方法在使用单一酸和减少酸用量的同时,能够满足重度污染土壤的金属元素分析要求。     

ICP-AES法测定太原市售8种粗粮中的多种金属元素

采用HNO_3-H_2O_2微波消解法对太原市售的小米等8种粗粮样品进行处理,以ICP-AES法同时测定了样品中钙、钾、镁、锌、铁、铜、锰等7种金属元素的含量,并与大米样品进行了对比。实验结果表明,这8种粗粮中均富含人体所需的金属元素,尤以小米品质更为突出。所建方法的回收率为90%～101%,相对标准偏差≤1.37%,检出限介于0.001～0.366μg/mL之间。该方法简便、快速,适用于粗粮中多种金属元素含量的同时测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定AES中的Cu和Fe

为了建立脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠中(AES)Cu和Fe金属元素含量的测定方法,用微波消解法处理样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定AES中的Cu和Fe,最终建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定AES中Cu和Fe金属元素含量的方法。方法的检出限为0.0004898～0.0041500μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于1.0%,加标回收率为96.8%～99.8%。该研究结果为AES中Cu和Fe重金属元素的定量分析提供理论依据。     

微波消解-ICP-OES法测定电子级硼铝掺杂源中多种金属元素

建立一种微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定电子级硼铝掺杂源中多种金属元素的测试方法。称样量为2.0 g(精确至±0.001 g),样品中加入6 mL硝酸，升温速率10℃/min,消解温度为180℃,消解时间30 min。用ICP-OES标准加入法进行测定。硼铝掺杂源中钠元素在0～10 mg/L范围、其余11种金属元素在0～5 mg/L范围内与光谱强度线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.999 0。采用该方法，测定样品的精密度为1.73%～7.71%(n=7),加标回收率为93.0%～106%,分析结果准确度高，稳定性好，适用于电子级硼铝掺杂源中多种金属元素的测定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法对7-ACA中金属元素含量的测定分析

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对7-ACA中的4种金属元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Pb的含量进行了测定.实验表明,该方法简单,精密度和灵敏度高,回收率在92.78%～105.56%之间,相对标准偏差小于5%,可用于7-ACA中4种金属元素的同时测定.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定蓝莓桑菊茶中8种金属元素

目的：建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定蓝莓桑菊茶中8种金属元素的方法。方法：粉碎后的样品经微波消解法处理后，以钪和锗作为内标元素，在He模式下，用ICP-MS测定蓝莓桑菊茶中的8种金属元素。结果：镁、铬、锰、铁、镍、铜、锌和硒在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好（r>0.99），方法的检出限为0.006 9～11.185 5μg·g-1，方法回收率为94.73%～105.74%。结论：方法简单、快速、准确度高，可用于蓝莓桑菊茶中8种金属元素的测定。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。