芦荟悬浮饮料的研制

本研究以库拉索芦荟为原料,滇皂荚多糖胶为复配稳定剂配料,通过正交试验、感官评定、稳定性试验等对芦荟悬浮饮料的生产工艺和产品配方进行了研究。试验结果表明：在芦荟悬浮饮料加工中复合稳定悬浮剂的最佳配方为：琼脂：0．05％,滇皂荚多糖胶：0．03％,氯化钾：0．03％。芦荟悬浮饮料中主要成分的最佳配方为：柠檬酸：0．20％,复合稳定剂：0．10％,白砂糖：11．0%．芦荟果肉：6．0％。     

红枣枸杞菠萝复合饮料的加工工艺研究

以红枣为主料,枸杞、菠萝等为辅料,对红枣枸杞菠萝复合饮料的加工工艺进行了研究。结果表明,果胶酶浸提红枣汁的最佳工艺条件为：果胶酶用量0.08％、酶解温度55℃、酶解时间3h、酶解pH4.0;红枣汁的最佳澄清条件是果胶酶添加量0．02％、55℃下澄清1．5h;红枣枸杞饮料的最佳配比为：红枣汁55％、枸杞汁8％、菠萝汁12％、50％蔗糖溶液25％。     

芦荟金银花复合饮料

以金银花、芦荟叶皮层为主要原料，采用正交实验和感官评定确定金银花芦荟复合饮料的合理配方和加工工艺。实验表明，当芦荟叶皮汁液与金银花汁液按1：3比例混合．添加8％白砂糖、0．05％柠檬酸、0．05％苹果酸以及0．15％异抗坏血酸钠，可以得到色香味俱佳的保健饮料。     

红枣乳酸发酵饮料的研制

以红枣为原料，经乳酸发酵制成发酵饮料。通过对产品的工艺条件进行试验，得出枣浆最佳发酵条件为：接种量5％，发酵温度42℃，培养时间6h，乳糖1％，蔗糖12％；稳定剂添加量为：琼脂0.15％，黄原胶0．09％，海藻酸钠0．06％，杀菌条件：温度85℃，时间10min，最终使饮料的pH值调到3．7。     

芦荟汁天然饮料工艺的研究

以库拉索芦荟为主要原料，加以柠檬酸、蔗糖等辅料，经科学加工制成有益于人体健康的轻凉型安全天然饮料。本文对芦荟饮料的生产工艺、配方和技术关键进行了研究。通过正交试验及方差分析，确定出该饮品的最佳组合方式为E3B3C4A3D2，即澄清的芦荟汁用量35％、蔗糖6％、蜂蜜2．6％、柠檬酸0．3％、柠檬酸钾0．3％、水为55．8％(上述百分比均为质量分数)。通小试，还确定出产品最适稳定剂配方为0．11％CMC 0．10％海藻酸钠复合使用为最佳。此外还简述芦荟的营养价值和药用价值，这一切为芦荟饮品的研制提供了科学依据，也为进一步工业化生产提供了基础。     

红枣保健饮料的研制

以红枣为原料，用经驯化的乳酸菌发酵制成红枣乳酸发酵饮料。通过正交试验和感观评定，确定了最佳工艺参数：接种量6％、发酵温度42℃、培养时间6h、乳糖2％、蔗糖8％；复合稳定剂0．25％；杀菌条件85℃，15min。     

乳酸发酵型红枣饮料工艺的研究

研究了用红枣进行乳酸发酵，确定了发酵红枣饮料的最佳工艺条件为：预煮和蒸煮料水质量比1：5，预煮10min去苦，蒸煮10min；纯枣浆发酵条件的筛选：乳糖加入量为2％，蔗糖加入量10％，接种量为7％，培养温度41℃，pH值为3．70；稳定剂最佳配比为：黄原胶0．09％，海藻酸钠0.06％，琼脂0．15％；红枣乳酸饮料在压力为25～40MPa，温度为60～70℃下均质处理后，产品组织均匀，口感细腻柔和，稳定性良好。     

红枣山楂芦荟复合饮料的研制

为研制风味独特的复合饮料,采用红枣、山楂和芦荟为主要原料,辅以白砂糖和柠檬酸,以感官评价为指标采用单因素实验和正交试验设计确定原料汁最佳配比,以离心沉淀率为指标采用单因素和响应面分析法确定稳定剂最佳复配方案。结果表明:单因素实验基础上,原料汁最佳配比为:红枣汁20%、山楂汁11%和芦荟汁40%,稳定剂最佳复配方案为:黄原胶0.086%、羧甲基纤维素钠0.13%和结冷胶0.037%,在此条件下,复合饮料感官评价分值为93.1±0.9分,离心沉淀率最低可达0.43%±0.015%。产品色泽纯正,呈橘黄色,酸甜适度,组织细腻,无沉淀和分层现象,具有红枣、山楂和芦荟独特香气,研究结果具有一定参考价值。     

乳酸菌发酵红枣酒花饮料稳定性的研究

对影响乳酸菌发酵红枣酒花饮料稳定性因素进行了研究．通过酶解实验和正交实验确定最佳生产工艺以及稳定剂的最佳配比。结果表明，浸提枣浆与水质量比为1：2，加入质量分数为0．2％果胶酶，在50℃下恒温水浴酶解2h；黄原胶0．06％，羧甲基纤维素钠0．03％，海藻酸钠0．09％，卡拉胶0．03％（均为质量分数，下同），并采用二次均质，最佳压力分别为均质条件D35MPa和20MPa，产品的稳定性最好。     

阿罗开菲尔奶的研制

以鲜奶、芦荟果丁为原材料，利用加拿大罗素公司生产的开菲粒菌种研制了阿罗开菲尔奶。结果表明，阿罗开菲尔奶的最佳工艺条件为：蔗糖添加量为8．0％，预活化后的最佳接种量为2．5％，发酵温度为22℃，发酵时间为11h。根据国标和在饮料中的推荐使用量，确定本研究中芦荟果丁添加量为6．0g／200mL。这种发酵奶或许拥有独特的风味，集中了开菲尔奶和芦荟等原材料中的营养优势，符合现行的消费时尚。最后，参考国际乳业联合会(IDF)有关开菲尔奶的生产标准，推荐了一种能满足阿罗开菲尔奶加工生产的标准。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press