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1.
The highly NaCl-tolerant yeast Debaryomyces hansenii produces and obtains high levels of intracellular glycerol as a compatible solute when grown at high NaCl concentrations. The effect of high NaCl concentrations (4%, 8% and 12% w/v) on the glycerol production and the levels of intra- and extracellular glycerol was determined for two D. hansenii strains with different NaCl tolerance and compared to one strain of the moderately NaCl-tolerant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Initially, high NaCl tolerance seems to be determined by enhanced glycerol production, due to an increased expression of DhGPD1 and DhGPP2 (AL436338) in D. hansenii and GPD1 and GPP2 in S. cerevisiae; however, the ability to obtain high levels of intracellular glycerol seems to be more important. The two D. hansenii strains had higher levels of intracellular glycerol than the S. cerevisiae strain and were able to obtain high levels of intracellular glycerol, even at very high NaCl concentrations, indicating the presence of, for example, a type of closing channel, as previously described for other yeast species. 相似文献
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从自然界筛选得到了9株可发酵甘油生产1,3 丙二醇的肠道细菌,经鉴定均为肺炎克雷伯氏菌.经化学诱变,菌株的1,3 丙二醇产量有所提高,其最终产量达到2%左右. 相似文献
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氧化葡萄糖酸杆菌中依赖辅基吡咯喹啉醌(Pyrroloquinoline Quinone,PQQ)的膜结合甘油脱氢酶(Glycerol dehydrogenase,GDH)是酶法转化甘油生成1,3-二羟基丙酮(1,3-Dihydroxyacetone,DHA)的关键酶。以铁氰化钾为电子媒介体,采用生物电化学法,再生甘油脱氢酶的辅基PQQ,从而实现酶法循环转化甘油生产DHA。设计电耦联反应装置,在(28±2)℃,370mV电压下反应18h,DHA质量浓度达到27.21g/L,甘油转化率为52.93%。 相似文献
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本研究以葡萄酒酵母WY1为出发菌株,探究GPD1基因过表达对葡萄酒酵母菌产酒精能力及风味物质的影响。利用分子生物学技术,采用PCR技术扩增葡萄酒酵母WY1中甘油-3磷酸脱氢酶基因GPD1,构建了单拷贝GPD1,两拷贝GPD1和三拷贝GPD1重组菌株。利用Real-TimePCR技术对GPD1基因表达量进行检测,与出发菌株WY1相比,单拷贝GPD1,两拷贝GPD1和三拷贝GPD1重组菌株中GPD1基因的表达水平分别提高了1.75倍、3.02倍和3.42倍。葡萄酒发酵实验数据显示,GPD1基因的过表达对乙醇的降低有显著效果,单拷贝GPD1,两拷贝GPD1和三拷贝GPD1重组菌株分别比WY1降低了8.07%,14.36%和15.34%;总高级醇含量分别减少了15.20%、17.11%和16.55%;乙酸乙酯的含量分别下降了17.63%、23.81%和27.42%,乙酸异戊酯含量分别下降了11.78%、15.87%、17.79%;甘油生成量分别提高了1.02倍、1.80倍和1.83倍。本研究表明过表达GPD1基因可以影响葡萄酒酵母产酒精的能力,同时对改善葡萄酒风味有重要意义。 相似文献
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The biosynthesis of glycogen involves multiple proteins that associate with each other and the glycogen macromolecule. In efforts to understand the nature of these proteins, a two-hybrid screen was undertaken to detect proteins able to interact with Gsy2p, a major form of glycogen synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two positives expressed proteins derived from genes designated PIG1 and PIG2, on chromosomes XIIR and IXL respectively. PIG1 codes for a protein with 38% identity over a 230 residue segment to Gac1p, a protein thought to be a type 1 protein phosphatase targeting subunit whose loss impairs glycogen synthesis. Pig2p has 30% identity to the protein corresponding to an open reading frame, YER054, on chromosome V. Deletion of PIG1 on its own had little effect on glycogen storage but, in combination with loss of GAC1, caused a more severe glycogen-deficient phenotype than seen in gac1 mutants. This result is consistent with Pig1p being functionally related to Gac1p and we propose that Pig1p may be a type 1 phosphatase regulatory subunit. Delection of PIG2, YER054, or both genes together caused no detectable change in glycogen metabolism under the conditions tested. Gac1p, Pig1p, Pig2p and the YER054p are the only four proteins coded by the yeast genome that share a conserved segment of ∼25 residues, designated the GVNK motif, that is identifiable also in RGI, the mammalian type 1 phosphatase targeting subunit. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于甘油酯化降酸的优势和降酸过程甘油聚合的问题,开展了废弃油脂甘油酯化降酸过程中甘油聚合的研究。考察了反应温度、甘油用量、催化剂种类、催化剂用量对甘油聚合的影响,并分析了聚甘油的聚合度。结果表明:反应温度越高、甘油与脂肪酸摩尔比越大,降酸速率越快,甘油聚合率越高,在反应温度220℃、甘油与脂肪酸摩尔比1∶1时甘油聚合率约为33.8%;聚甘油主要为二聚甘油;甘油酯化过程引入锌基催化剂,不仅提高降酸速率,缩短反应时间,还能降低反应温度、减少甘油的聚合,从而提高副产物甘油的回收率;与催化剂Zn Cl_2、Zn(Ac)_2相比,催化剂Zn O效果最好,在Zn O用量0.3%、反应温度180℃、甘油与脂肪酸摩尔比1∶1时甘油聚合率可降至约13%。研究结果将有助于进一步优化甘油酯化降酸工艺,为甘油酯化耦合碱催化酯交换法制备生物柴油技术的设计提供参考。 相似文献
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Longmei Weng Lin Li Lili Ji Di Zhao Zhenbo Xu Jianyu Su Bing Li Xia Zhang 《Journal of food science》2019,84(8):2091-2100
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两步发酵法生产1,3-丙二醇的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过几种不同原料制备的甘油对克雷伯杆菌厌氧发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的影响的比较实验,验证了两步发酵法生产1,3-丙二醇工艺路线的可行性。在甘油初始浓度相同(70g/L)的条件下,以葡萄糖为原料进行发酵得到的甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的效果较好,发酵15 h,甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的摩尔转化率为45.1%;皂化甘油生产1,3-丙二醇的发酵时间为18h,摩尔转化率为44.2%;而以玉米淀粉水解液发酵的甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇需要31 h,摩尔转化率仅为26.5%。 相似文献
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本文以循环伏安法在玻碳电极表面制备了聚吡咯(PPy)膜,以水热还原法制备了三维石墨烯(GN),并以此构建了甘油酶电极。所构建的甘油酶电极以甘油激酶(GK)和甘油三磷酸氧化酶(GPO)为催化剂,以三维石墨烯(GN)为载体,以聚吡咯(PPy)为介体,以Nafion溶液作为粘结剂。该甘油酶电极可以在酶、介体及电极表面提供良好的电子转移。论文探究了吡咯的聚合条件,并采用扫描电子显微镜及电化学方法对其进行了表征;对该酶电极的修饰材料、工作条件等进行了优化,采用电化学方法对其性能进行了评价。结果表明,聚吡咯的聚合圈数为8时其导电性能最优,所述的基于聚吡咯/石墨烯的甘油酶电极在pH为7.0,浓度为0.2mmol/L的磷酸缓冲溶液对甘油有着较高的电流响应,其催化电流达46.2μA,电流密度达677.6μA/cm~2。 相似文献
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A gut2 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is deficient in the mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and hence cannot utilize glycerol. Upon transformation of a gut2 mutant strain with a low-copy yeast genomic library, hybrid plasmids were isolated which complemented the gut2 mutation. The nucleotide sequence of a 3·2 kb PstI-XhoI fragment complementing a gut2 mutant strain is presented. The fragment reveals an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 68·8 kDa. Disruption of the ORF leads to a glycerol non-utilizing phenotype. A putative flavin-binding domain, located at the amino terminus, was identified by comparison with the amino acid sequences of other flavoproteins. The cloned gene has been mapped both physically and genetically to the left arm of chromosome IX, where the original gut2 mutation also maps. We conclude that the presented ORF is the GUT2 gene and propose that it is the structural gene for the mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. 相似文献
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Junlan CAI;Li CHEN;Bin PENG;Jingjing YU;Huapeng CUI;Bing WANG;Xiaobing ZHANG;Huimin LIU;Shaofeng LIU 《中国烟草学报》2016,22(5):1-9
Abstract: Gas chromatography method was used for simultaneous determination of nicotine,1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in e-liquids which were extracted by isopropanol solution including two internal standard compounds with shaker for 20min, and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID). 44 e-liquid samples of 8 different brands were determined by the method.Results showed that:(1) The method was quick,easy,accurate and sensitive with intra-day and inter-day precisions of 0.4% to 1.6%. The spiked recoveries ranged from 96.4% to 102.4%, and detection limits of nicotine, 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol were 1.3 μg/mL, 0.9 μg/mL and 3.1 μg/mL, respectively. (2) Nicotine, 1,2-propylene glycol and glycerol in samples ranged from 0 to 34.5 mg/g, 0 to 783.0 mg/g and 184.5 to 917.5 mg/g, respectively. (3) The detected level of nicotine was close to that of labeled content in some samples while inconsistent with labeled content in others, indicating that some brands failed to accurately describe nicotine contents. 相似文献
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The osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii accumulates the polyols glycerol and D-arabitol intracellularly in response to hyperosmotic stress, but the membrane transport proteins regulating polyol accumulation have not been studied. We have cloned and characterized a FPS1 homologue in Z. rouxii NRRL Y2547, and its sequence revealed a 2709 bp open reading frame encoding a peptide of 692 deduced amino acids with 56.9% identity to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fps1p. The role of this putative membrane channel protein in polyol accumulation and release during osmoregulation was investigated. The Z. rouxii FPS1 (ZrFPS1) complemented the S. cerevisiae fps1Delta growth defect and glycerol release upon hypo-osmotic shock. Deletion of ZrFPS1 did not affect growth on glycerol as sole carbon source, suggesting that other transport proteins are involved in the uptake of glycerol. However, mutants lacking ZrFPS1 exhibited a significant decrease in glycerol and D-arabitol efflux and poor growth during hypo-osmotic conditions, suggesting that ZrFPS1 might be involved in D-arabitol transport in addition to glycerol. This is the first demonstration of a yeast gene that affects D-arabitol transport. The full-length ZrFPS1 gene sequence including upstream promoter has been deposited in the public database under Accession No. AY488133. 相似文献
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以肺炎克雷伯氏菌As1.1736的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增得到了目的基因(dhaT)并将该基因克隆至pMD19-T Simple载体。基因的序列分析表明,dhaT基因全长为1164bp,编码387个氨基酸。将含有自身核糖体结合位点的dhaT基因片段插入到pMD19-T Simple/gldABC质粒的gldABC基因下游,形成重组克隆质粒pMD19-T Simple/gldABC-dhaT,并进一步将gldABC与dhaT串联基因亚克隆到表达载体pET28a(+)上。 相似文献
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以分离自鱿鱼丝的肉葡萄球菌S1为试验菌株,采用酶标比浊法测定了月桂酸单甘油酯(GML)、乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)、双乙酸钠、柠檬酸和山梨酸钾对试验菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),GML的抑菌生长曲线,以及GML与Nisin、双乙酸钠和柠檬酸复配物对试验菌的抑菌增效性;结合涂布计数法确定选用抑菌剂的最低杀菌浓度(MBC)及GML对试验菌的动态杀菌曲线。试验结果表明:GML对试验菌的MIC和MBC分别为25μg/mL和50μg/mL,均低于其它抑菌剂;GML对试验菌抑制生长曲线及动态杀菌曲线表明,较低浓度的GML的存在即可有效延长试验菌的延滞期,2×MBC浓度的GML可在4.5h内使试验菌全部失活;同时,GML与Nisin、柠檬酸和双乙酸钠均显示出较好的复配增效性。GML对试验菌具有极强的抑制作用,且与多种抑菌剂显示出较好的增效性。 相似文献
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Marta Semkiv Iwona Kata Orysya Ternavska Wladimir Sibirny Kostyantyn Dmytruk Andriy Sibirny 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2019,36(5):329-339
Production of fuel ethanol is one of the possible ways to utilize crude glycerol, substantial amounts of which are produced by biodiesel industry. Earlier, we have described construction of the recombinant strains of methylotrophic thermotolerant yeast Ogataea polymorpha with simultaneous overexpression of the genes PDC1 and ADH1, which produced increased amounts of ethanol from glycerol. In this work, we have further improved these strains by overexpression of genes involved either in oxidative (through dihydroxyacetone) or phosphorylative (through glycerol-3-phosphate) pathway of glycerol catabolism, as well as heterologous gene coding for glycerol transporter FPS1 from Komagataella phaffii (formerly, Pichia pastoris). Obtained recombinant strains produced up to 10.7 g/L of ethanol (with ethanol productivity 30 mg/g of biomass/hr and yield 132 mg/g of consumed glycerol) from pure glycerol and up to 3.55 g/L of ethanol (with ethanol productivity 11.6 mg/g of biomass/hr and yield 72.3 mg/g of consumed glycerol) from crude glycerol as a carbon source, which is approximately 15 times more relative to that of the O. polymorpha wild-type strain and 2.2 more relative to the earlier constructed strain. 相似文献
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用克雷伯氏菌批式流加发酵法生产1,3-丙二醇 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
通过对克雷伯氏菌在 7L发酵罐中厌氧间歇发酵甘油生产 1,3 丙二醇的实验研究 ,建立了一种与 pH调节相偶联的批式流加甘油发酵策略。考察了不同甘油维持浓度条件下的流加方式及不同培养方式对 1,3 丙二醇产率的影响。结果表明 ,甘油质量分数维持在 2 %的流加方式有利于 1,3 丙二醇的发酵生产 ,其在 30 5h内消耗甘油 2 80 g ,得到 1,3 丙二醇152 6 g ,摩尔转化率 6 5 5% ,生产强度 0 91g/L·h 相似文献