烧成温度对SiC多孔陶瓷的影响

选用SiC作为骨料,低熔点陶瓷结合剂和活性C作为成孔剂,对不同的烧成温度下多孔陶瓷的基本性能进行了研究.温度的提高使SiC多孔陶瓷的气孔率增大,气孔形状逐渐呈不规则变化,晶界玻璃相对SiC颗粒的润湿以及在SiC颗粒表面的扩展作用增强,提高了对骨料颗粒的粘结作用,使瓷体强度提高,但晶界玻璃相自身结合强度降低;气孔通道在1240℃烧成温度下多为贯通型,1280℃呈网状分布,1320℃下多为贯通型且存在大量交联通道;大于1300℃烧成时,由于SiC的高温氧化产物参与晶界相反应,使局部界面结合强度大大提高,出现SiC颗粒拔出断裂现象.     

烧成温度对多孔SiC陶瓷管性能的影响

以SiC为骨料,添加低共熔混合物烧结促进剂,煤粉作为造孔剂,在不同的温度下烧成制备多孔陶瓷管.考察了烧成温度对多孔SiC陶瓷管的孔隙率、气体渗透通量、孔径分布以及抗弯强度等性能的影响,并通过SEM对其结构形貌进行了表征.结果表明:随着烧成温度的提高,孔隙率、气体通量及抗弯强度下降,孔径分布变宽.     

氟化物对低温烧结氧化镁陶瓷的影响

研究了添加不同种类氟化物的氧化镁陶瓷的各种烧结条件和显微结构.实验发现:添加MgF2可以在相对低的温度下显著提升制品的致密度并促进晶粒的生长,说明采用MgF2可以实现低温烧结MgO.这说明MgO-MgF2体系中烧结驱动力即总界面自由能随着粒子总表面积的不断降低而降低.     

Thermodynamics of Densification: I, Sintering of Simple Particle Arrays, Equilibrium Configurations, Pore Stability, and Shrinkage

Equilibrium configurations for linear and closed arrays (rings and regular polyhedra containing a single pore) of identical particles (cylinders or spheres) were determined by minimizing the array's surface and grain-boundary energies with the assumption that each particle conserves its mass. The change in free energy between the initial and equilibrium configuration increases with dihedral angle (i.e., the equilibrium angle). More significantly, it is shown that pores will shrink to an equilibrium size if the number ( n ) of coordinating particles is greater than a critical value. The critical pore coordination number ( n _c) increases with the dihedral angle. Only pores with n n _c are thermodynamically unstable during sintering. It is also shown that any mass-transport mechanism can lead to pore shrinkage while a connecting path to the pore surface remains open. The effective sintering "stress" (i.e., driving force) increases with the dihedral angle and decreases to zero as the equilibrium configuration is reached. Sintering stresses increase with decreasing coordination number. It is also shown that the shrinkage strain for closed arrays increases with the pore coordination number. Rearrangement phenomena within a powder compact are discussed with regard to resultant sintering forces on nonsymmetrically coordinated particles.     

Experimental Design Applied to Silicon Carbide Sintering

Silicon carbide is a promising structural ceramic used as abrasives and applied in metallurgical components, due to its low density, high hardness, and excellent mechanical properties. The composition and content of the additive can control liquid-phase sintering of SiC. Compositions based on the SiO₂–Al₂O₃–RE₂O₃ system (RE = rare earth) have been largely used to promote silicon carbide densification, but most studies are not systematically presented. The aim of this work is to study the effect of several oxide additives in the SiO₂–Al₂O₃–Y₂O₃ system on the densification of silicon carbide using experimental design. This technique seems to be effective in optimizing the values of maximum density with minimum weight loss.     

SiC-YAG陶瓷复合材料的烧结致密性研究

本文基于机械混合法和液相烧结法制备SiC-YAG陶瓷复合材料,并对SiC-YAG陶瓷复合材料在烧结过程中的质量损耗、致密化等情况进行了研究,比较了铝钇摩尔比、烧结温度和保温时间对SiC-YAG陶瓷复合材料烧结致密性的影响.研究结果表明:在实验研究条件范围内,当烧结温度为1850℃时,复合材料的气孔率最低,相对密度最大;复合陶瓷材料的相对密度和收缩率在保温时间小于30 min时,变化较大,大于30 min时,变化很小;当铝钇摩尔比为1.5时,质量流失较少,复合材料的相对密度最高.     

反应烧结温度对自结合钛酸铝/莫来石复相材料的影响

44 MPa,热震抗折强度保持率为97.2%.     

烧结温度对陶瓷体氧化铝固体电解质性能的影响

在Al2O3电解质体系中,利用X射线衍射分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和交流阻抗谱仪考察了烧结温度对陶瓷体Al2O3固体电解质(BASE)的β″/β相的形成、体密度和离子电导率的影响。研究表明:固相法合成BASE时,陶瓷体的最佳的陶瓷烧结温度为1 600℃。离子电导率、β″含量、体积密度随烧结温度的升高先上升后下降。离子电导率不仅与相结构有关,还与材料的致密性有关。导电过程在温度升高过程中,会由晶界控制转变为晶粒控制。随着烧结温度的升高,晶界控制的温度范围逐渐减小。     

低温放电等离子烧结法制备氮化硅陶瓷

分别以MgO-Al2O3或MgO-AlPO4作为烧结助剂,采用放电等离子体低温快速烧结方法制备了主相为α相的Si3N4陶瓷材料.采用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分析了样品的物相组成和显微结构;研究了烧结助剂及其含量、烧结温度对陶瓷样品的相对密度与力学性能的影响.结果表明:当采用4%质量分数,下同)MgO-4%Al2O3烧...     

烧结熔剂高温特性的实验研究

利用ZDHR-3型微机灰熔融性测定仪和综合热分析仪研究了常用的7种烧结熔剂在烧结过程中的高温反应特性及热分解特性.测定了模拟烧结矿在配加7种熔剂的矿粉的变形温度、软化温度、半球温度和流动温度,以及7种烧结熔剂的分解率与分解温度.结果表明,烧结过程中,7种熔剂的分解温度在1215℃及1250℃左右:相比于其他5种熔剂,白云石A、B的流动性较差;7种熔剂的分解失重率分为"一段式失重"和"两段式失重"两种,前者失重温度区间在690～810℃,而后者在400～460℃及610～710℃,且前者大于后者;两种白云石和石灰石的失重率最大,烧损也最大.     

烧结温度对煤矸石多孔材料物相与性能的影响

以煤矸石为原料、硅溶胶为胶凝剂泡沫胶凝法制备煤矸石多孔材料,研究烧结过程中的物相变化和烧结温度对多孔材料抗压强度和线收缩率的影响.研究结果表明,500～800℃烧结时在低衍射角衍射峰强度降低、某些衍射峰消失,煤矸石中高岭石脱水生成偏高岭石;1150℃烧结时发生α-石英向α-鳞石英的相变和Al2O3与SiO2反应生成莫来石而出现鳞石英相与莫来石相.随着烧结温度的升高,多孔材料抗压强度和线收缩率均逐渐增大.密度约0.8 g/cm3的煤矸石多孔材料1000℃烧结后抗压强度3.85 MPa,线收缩率6.89％.     

陶瓷低温烧结的研究及展望

综述了实现陶瓷低温烧结的一些方法,包括粉体的制备、处理、成型及烧结工艺,并对其前景进行了展望.     

Theory for Sintering in Temperature Gradients: Role of Long-Range, Mass Transport

For a one-component crystalline solid, the driving force for diffusion in a temperature gradient by any path is the gradient in the equilibrium vapor pressure. A When transport is limited by a surface step, the driving force is the difference in vapor pressures at the extremes of the temperature gradients. Sample calculations suggest that temperature gradients are important in driving densification during fast firing and probably are important during conventional firing.     

氮化铝陶瓷低温真空热压烧结研究

以自蔓延高温合成的AIN粉体为原料,Y2O3、Dy2O3、La2O3为添加剂,采用真空热压烧结工艺,实现了含有添加剂的AIN陶瓷体的低温烧结;研究了烧结温度对AIN烧结性能的影响。用XRD、SEM对AIN高压烧结体进行了表征。研究表明：粉体粒径、烧结工艺、烧结助剂对AIN陶瓷低温烧结真空热压烧结性能有很大影响;含烧结助剂的真空热压烧结能够有效降低AIN陶瓷的烧结温度并缩短烧结时间,使烧结体的结构致密。烧结温度1550℃条件下,真空热压烧结90min时,得到的AIN陶瓷的致密度最高。     

高温烧结刚玉SG抛光微粉的研制

本文关键在于突破磨料具行业传统的刚玉微粉制造工艺,作者采用了将氧化铝粉高温烧结,利用沉降法制取ＳＧ微粉有关工艺方法,并最终取得预期的理想效果,研制的微粉具有单特度高,自锐性好,磨削抛光效率高,研磨抛光效果明显优于棕刚玉微粉,完全可以达到白刚玉微粉的性能。     

放电等离子低温烧结h-BN-SiC复相陶瓷的结构与力学性能

以纳米h-BN和Si C粉为原料、B2O3为烧结助剂,利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷,研究了烧结压力(20~50 MPa)对h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷结构与力学性能的影响。结果表明:在不同烧结压力下,h-BN-Si C复相陶瓷中h-BN晶粒的c轴倾向于平行压力方向,增大烧结压力能够提高复相陶瓷的致密化和力学性能,但较大的烧结压力(40 MPa)降低了c轴倾向于平行压力方向的取向度和断裂韧性。在40 MPa烧结压力时获得了较佳的综合性能,复相陶瓷的相对密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到98%、289.2 MPa和3.45 MPa·m1/2,比同条件制备的纯h-BN陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别提高了约138.4%和64.3%。复相陶瓷断裂为典型的沿晶断裂模式,微裂纹及裂纹偏转提高了复相陶瓷的断裂韧性。     

Field-Assisted Sintering of Nanocrystalline Titanium Nitride

Nanosized TiN powder was densified via field-assisted sintering at temperatures of 1150°–1350°C and a pressure of 66 MPa under vacuum. A maximum relative density of ∼97% and a maximum mean grain size of 150–200 nm were obtained. Densification and microstructural evolution have been discussed, in terms of superplasticity and electric-field effects.     

The Effect of Sintering Temperature on Porous Silica Composite Strength

The effect of sintering temperature on porous silica composite strength was studied by discussing three factors, namely crystal phase, glassy phase and porosity. The fired products of clay and silica are composed of crystalline phase and glassy phase. The crystalline phases consist of alpha-quartz and mullite and the glassy phase contains a disordered silica network. With the increase of sintering temperature up to 1360°C, the crystalline silica decreased gradually. The disappearing silica dissolved into the glass and became a part of glass network and resulted in the enhancement of glass strength. This change in glass played an important role in the improvement of sample strength. At the same time, the increase of sintering temperature promoted the densification of samples and reduced the porosity of products, which also contribute to the increase of sample strength. When the sintering temperature is up to 1390°C, the silica in glass tended to convert to cristobalite with the expansion of glassy phase. This expansion weakened the connection of atoms in glass network and brought some closed pores into products, which led to the decrease of sample strength.     

Effect of Heating Rate on Sintering and Coarsening

The sintering of zinc oxide powder compacts has been investigated at constant rates of heating of 0.5° to 15°C/min. For samples with the same initial relative density (0.50), the temperature derivative of the densification strain versus density fits within a single, relatively narrow band. At low temperatures the densification rate as a function of temperature increases almost linearly with the heating rate. The data, covering a wide density range of 0.5 to 0.98, are consistent with an analysis that accounts for the coarsening (defined as an increase in the mean pore separation) in terms of two classes of microstructural coarsening processes: those associated with densifying and with nondensifying mechanisms.