理化因子对嗜盐隐杆藻细胞生长及胞外多糖产量的影响

比较不同ＮａＣｌ、Ｃａ２＋、ＰＯ３－４等离子浓度对嗜盐隐杆藻（Ａｐｈａｎｏｔｈｅｃｅｈａｌｏｐｈｙｔｉｃａ）细胞生长及胞外多糖（Ｅｘｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃ－ｃｈａｒｉｄｅＥＰＳ）产量的影响。在各影响因子不同浓度的培养条件下,０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＣｌ、１．０ｇ／Ｌ的Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．１ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４分别是其最佳生长浓度。ＥＰＳ的产量在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ、,０．５ｇ／ＬＣａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．５ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４培养条件下最高。在较低的Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、ＰＯ３－４浓度下可提高ＥＰＳ产率。     

VO(H_2PO_4)_2热分析研究

运用ＴＧ、ＤＴＡ,研究了ＶＯ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２在流动空气气氛中的热反应行为、非等温反应动力学和热效应。ＶＯ（Ｈ２ＰＯ４）２从６０９Ｋ开始失重,到６９５Ｋ失重完毕,失重率为１４．０１％,失重后的产物为ＶＯ（ＰＯ３）２。运用Ｓｈａｒｐ法、Ｃｏａｔｓ－Ｒｅｄｆｅｒｎ法和Ｄｏｙｌｅ－Ｚｓａｋｏ法对基础实验数据进行分析,推断出该热分解反应机理为成核和生长（ｎ＝１）,动力学函数为Ａｖｒａｍｉ－Ｅｒｏｆｅｅｖ方程;非等温热分解反应动力学方程：ｄα／ｄＴ＝Ａ／βｅ－Ｅ／ＲＴ（１－α）;动力学补偿方程：ｌｎＡ＝０．１８１Ｅ－４．６８ｂ;热分解反应转变热为０．２９１ｋＪ·ｇ－１。     

酸化破乳—Fenton试剂氧化—混凝沉淀处理电子感光废水的研究

用酸化破乳－Ｈ２Ｏ２／ Ｆｅ２＋氧化－混凝沉淀处理印刷线路板感光乳化废水。讨论了 ｐＨ值、Ｈ２Ｏ２的浓度、Ｆｅ２浓度对ＣＯＤ去除的影响。结果表明,酸化破乳、Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂氧化的ｐＨ值控制在３～４,混凝沉淀ｐＨ值控制在９～１０,Ｈ２Ｏ２浓度为０．０６ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,Ｆｅ２＋浓度为０．８ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,反应温度为１４０℃左右时,ＣＯＤ总去除率达９３．６％,具有良好的应用前景。     

苯乙烯- 丙烯酸丁酯- 丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物的合成及其与二异氰酸酯的交联

当混合溶剂乙酸丁酯／二甲苯质量比为１∶１,过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为１％,苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）／丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）＋丙烯酸羟乙酯（ＨＥＡ）（质量比）为６２∶３８,反应温度为１３３℃时,可获得转化率为９５．３％、［η］为０．１６ｄＬ／ｇ的Ｓｔ－ＢＡ－ＨＥＡ共聚物。该共聚物（ＨＥＡ的结合量为２％～４％）在同一溶剂中加入甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）或聚醚型二异氰酸酯（ＰＥＤＩ）,当—ＮＣＯ／—ＯＨ摩尔比为１．２～１．５∶１,二丁基二月桂酸锡用量为０．３％～１．０％时,可于室温下交联,交联度为５８．３％～５９．１％     

表面活性剂存在下，以3，5－di－Cl－PADAP分光光度法测定微量铁的研究

研究了２－（３，５－二氯－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基酚（３，５－ｄｉ－Ｃｌ－ＰＡＤＡＰ）与Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）的显色条件。在非离子表面活性剂乳化剂ＯＰ存在下，于ｐＨ３．５～６．０的乙酸钠－乙酸缓冲介质中，Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）与３，５－ｄｉ－Ｃｌ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的络合反应瞬时完成，形成１：２的紫红色稳定的络合物，该络合物有两个最大的吸收峰分别为５７０ｎｍ和７５５ｎｍ，相应的表观摩尔吸光系数分别为８．４×１０４和３．９×１０４，铁含量在０～２０μｇ／１０ｍＬ范围内符合比尔定律。选用７５５ｎｍ作为工作波长，可高选择性地测定多种样品中的微量Ｆｅ（Ⅱ），方法灵敏、操作简便、结果满意。     

苯乙烯—丙烯酸丁酯—丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物的合成及其与二异氰酸 …

当混合溶剂乙酸丁酯／二甲苯质量比为１：１,过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为１％,苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）／丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）＋丙烯酸羟乙酯（ＨＥＡ）（质量比）为６２：３８,反应温度为１３３℃时,可获得卖座经率为９５．３％,「η」为０．１６ｄＬ／ｇ的Ｓｔ－ＢＡ－ＨＥＡ共聚物。该共聚物（ＨＥＡ的结合量为２－４％）在同一溶剂中加入甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）或聚醚型二异氰酸酯（ＰＥＤＩ）,当一ＮＣＯ／－ＯＨ摩尔比为１．２－１     

动力学分光光度法测定食品中的痕量铁

介绍了一种动力学分光光度测定痕量铁的方法。在ｐＨ＝４．７０的ＨＡｃＮａＡｃ介质中,Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）对Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化番红花Ｔ的反应具有强烈的催化作用,使溶液颜色褪去。该溶液最大吸收波长为５２０ｎｍ,铁含量在３．０８×１０６２．８０×１０５ｇ／Ｌ范围内遵从比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为５．６×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ１·ｃｍ１,回归方程为：ΔＡ＝５．６×１０５ＣＦｅ（Ⅲ）＋０．０２（Ｃ的单位为ｍｏｌ·Ｌ１）,相关系数γ＝０．９９９９,检出限为３．１６×１０６ｇ／Ｌ,同时也研究了多种干扰离子对测定的影响,该方法应用于测定食品如大米、面粉中的痕量铁取得了满意的结果     

金—钼酸盐—丁基罗丹明B体系显色反应研究

研究了在高氯酸和聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）存在下，金与钼酸盐和丁基罗丹明Ｂ（ＢＲＢ）的显色反应。其适宜条件ＣＨＣｌＯ４＝１．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＣＭｏＯ２－４＝９．１×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＣＢＲＢ＝３．８×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ及０．０８％ＰＶＡ。金钼杂多酸—丁基罗丹明Ｂ离子缔合物的最大吸收位于５７０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为３．３６×１０６Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，金量在０～４０μｇ／Ｌ范围内服从比尔定律，测定极限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）０．９０μｇ／Ｌ（ｎ＝１０），对于２８μｇＡｕ（Ⅲ）／Ｌ测定的相对标准偏差２．１％（ｎ＝７）。缔合物至少可稳定５ｈ，摩尔比Ａｕ∶ＢＲＢ＝１∶３。考察了４４种共存离子的影响，大多数常见离子不干扰，用活性炭分离富集金，对砂矿和炭粉中金的测定，结果满意。     

影响中间相沥青电解加氢反应因素的研究

在隔离式电解槽中,用泡沫铅（ＳＰｂ）作阴极,铂（Ｐｔ）作阳极,饮和甘汞电极（ＳＣＥ）作参考电极,以ＣＨ３ＣＮ＋Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ＋Ｈ２Ｏ＿Ｂｕ４ＮＢｒ为电解体系,对由煤沥青为原料制得的中国相沥青（ＭＰ）进行电解加氢研究,当ｃ（ＣＨ３ＣＮ）：ｃ（Ｃ２ＨＯＨ）：ｃ（Ｈ２Ｏ）＝０．４：０．１：１（浓度比）,ｃ（Ｂｕ４ＮＢ４）＝０．３１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ｔ＝３０Ｃ,ｐ（ＭＰ）＝５０ｇ／Ｌ,阴极电解电位为－２．４Ｖ时,     

生物转化法生产果糖1,6-二磷酸反应条件优化

研究了利用游离酵母细胞转化葡萄糖为果糖１,６－二磷酸（ＦＤＰ）的反应条件。采用甲苯进行细胞透性化处理获得优化效果。合适的反应条件为：温度３５～４０℃、ｐＨ６．０、葡萄糖浓度大于０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和无机磷浓度小于０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。在该条件下,于补料分批式反应中,ＦＤＰ积累浓度达到０．３９９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（１３５．６５ｇ／Ｌ）,对糖收率达到２８．２％。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。