多孔膜基材对等离子体接枝膜微观结构的影响

采用等离子体诱导接枝聚合法,在有机聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜、尼龙(N6)膜和无机多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)膜上接枝甲基丙烯酸(MAA),系统地研究了多孔膜基材及接枝工艺条件对接枝开关膜微观结构的影响。结果发现,对于PVDF基材膜,单体溶液脱气次数越多接枝率越大。对于不同类别的多孔膜基材,采用相同工艺条件接枝时,N6膜的接枝率高于PVDF膜,PAA膜接枝率最低。在接枝率相近的时候,接枝层在PVDF膜整个断面孔内和表面均存在,而N6膜则主要集中在表层。在PAA膜上接枝时发现,等离子体照射功率的强弱对基材膜的影响很大,当功率超过50W时,PAA膜表层就会被刻蚀而导致膜的质量减轻。     

等离子体聚合制备渗透汽化膜的研究现状及趋势

本文就等离子体聚合技术在制备渗透汽化分离膜中的应用，特别对制备乙醇－水体系分离膜进行了介绍。     

NaA型分子筛膜合成及应用进展

介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在合成及应用方面的研究进展,重点介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在渗透汽化分离方面的实际应用,展望了NaA型分子筛膜的应用前景。     

等离子体聚合物薄膜的性质及应用进展

概述了利用低温等离子体技术制备的有机聚合物薄膜特性、主要合成方法及研究现状，简要讨论了等离子体聚合条件对薄膜结构和性质的影响；介绍了现代分析技术对聚合物薄膜结构的表征；阐述了近年来对低温等离子体聚合物薄膜的物理性质(包括表面性质、渗透性、电学和光学性质等)的研究新进展，并描述了其在工业生产上的一些应用。     

星形聚合物的研究与应用进展

回顾了结构性能独特且应用颇为广泛的非线性星形聚合物研究现状;介绍了星形聚合物的特点、应用,以及通过活性聚合制备星形聚合物的不同合成方法,比较了各种合成方法的优缺点;综述了星形聚合物用作研究聚合物的支化模型、简化树形聚合物复杂的支化结构、获得聚合物支化信息的研究进展。     

前沿聚合在聚合物材料合成与制备中的应用进展

简要介绍了前沿聚合的聚合机理、特点及分类,然后综述了前沿聚合在互穿网络聚合物、水凝胶、有机/无机杂化材料及光学材料合成与制备等方面的应用进展,最后展望了前沿聚合的发展趋势。     

丙烯酸聚合物的合成及其应用

本文介绍了不同分子量的丙烯酸聚合物的合成，制备及其应用。     

聚合物刷的合成与应用研究进展

聚合物刷由于在吸附、粘附、润滑以及润湿方面的显著特点,在许多方面都有重要的应用,显示了潜在而巨大的研究价值。本文综述了聚合物刷的基本理论、合成方法及应用的最新研究进展,并着重介绍了可控自由基聚合合成聚合物刷的方法。     

等离子体技术在化学合成中的应用

从等离子体的基本特性出发,综述了等离子体技术在氨气合成、有机物合成、高分子合成以及纳米碳管的合成等方面的应用和最新进展,并展望了等离子体技术在化学合成方面的应用前景.     

Surface and Corrosion Characteristics of a-C:H/Fluorocarbon Films

Fluorocarbon films were deposited on type 301 stainless steel substrates from mixtures of hexafluoroethane (HFE) or hexafluoroacetone (HFA) and acetylene and argon in a radio-frequency (13.56 MHz) plasma discharge. A 10 nm thick polysilicon interlayer was deposited prior to fluorocarbon film deposition to obtain good adhesion. To prevent film failure. a-C:H layer was deposited on the polysilicon layer prior to fluorocarbon film deposition, resulting in a-C:H/fluorocarbon composite film structures. The influence of the feed gas composition on the properties of the layered structure was investigated. Surface energies of the films were calculated from the film contact angle values obtained with water and diiodomethane. The composition of the surface layer of these films was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The resistance offered by these a-C:H/fluorocarbon film structures to anodic breakdown in an electrolyte containing 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ was studied using a potentiostatic technique. The anodic current density for the coated type 301 stainless steel samples was at least 3 orders of magnitude smaller than that for the bare sample and more than an order of magnitude smaller than that observed with samples coated with only the (equally thick) a-C:H layer. The resistance offered by the layered coatings to solution penetration increased with increasing fluorine content in the films.     

二氧化硅介孔膜材料的研究进展及应用前景

重点介绍了国内外近年来在二氧化硅介孔膜的制备与应用方面的最新进展,并对其制备与应用研究前景进行了展望。     

Synthesis and Microstructural Characterization of Unsupported Nanocrystalline Zirconia Thin Films

A polymeric precursor spin-coating technique is illustrated in which yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films are produced on Si, Al₂O₃, and NaCl at temperatures less than 350°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) examinations show that the YSZ films are nanocrystalline (grain size of less than 5 nm), fully dense, and have a stabilized cubic fluorite structure. Using the polymeric precursor spin coating method, unsupported nanocrystalline thin films of YSZ with thicknesses ranging from 30 to 1000 nm are prepared by transferring the films from a host substrate to metallic TEM grids with unsupported areas exceeding 1 mm².     

山梨(糖)醇的合成及应用

简要介绍了山梨醇的性质和合成方法, 同时介绍了以 Ｒｕ－ Ｐｄ／ Ａ Ｃ Ｆ为固定床催化剂合成山梨醇的实验方法, 并简述了山梨醇在食品、医药、化妆品、纺织品等行业的应用。     

The Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma on the Structural and Functional Characteristics of Human Spermatozoa

Significant antibacterial properties of non-thermal plasma (NTP) have converted this technology into a promising alternative to the widespread use of antibiotics in assisted reproduction. As substantial data available on the specific in vitro effects of NTP on male reproductive cells are currently missing, this study was designed to investigate selected quality parameters of human spermatozoa (n = 51) exposed to diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge NTP for 0 s, 15 s, 30 s, 60 s and 90 s. Sperm motility characteristics, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were investigated immediately following exposure to NTP and 2 h post-NTP treatment. Exposure to NTP with a power input of 40 W for 15 s or 30 s was found to have no negative effects on the sperm structure or function. However, a prolonged NTP treatment impaired all the sperm quality markers in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The most likely mechanism of action of high NTP doses may be connected to ROS overproduction, leading to plasma membrane destabilization, LPO, mitochondrial failure and a subsequent loss of motility as well as DNA integrity. As such, our findings indicate that appropriate plasma exposure conditions need to be carefully selected in order to preserve the sperm vitality, should NTP be used in the practical management of bacteriospermia in the future.     

Synthesis,Characterization of Guar-Containing Polyurethane Films and their Non-enzymatic Caffeic Acid Sensor Applications

Stable voltammetric sensors were fabricated by dropping the guar-containing polyurethane films on a platinum electrode for the non-enzymatic determination of caffeic acid. The voltammetric responses of PU-G-1% toward caffeic acid have a linear concentration range from 1 to 15?mM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9938. The detection limit of PU-G-1% electrode was approximately 0.25?mM. PU-G-1% sensor showed the good sensitivity, selectivity, high R-value, low detection limit, and high reproducibility toward caffeic acid. Therefore, it is claimed that the polyurethane film containing 1% guar can be used as an excellent selective membrane for caffeic acid detection in the presence of interferent molecules.     

戊二醛的合成及应用

介绍了戊二醛合成方法的发展沿革，对吡啶法，吡喃法，戊二醇法，戊二酸法，环戊烯法等戊二醛的主要合成工艺进行述评，并对这些工艺进行了简单的比较，阐述了目前国内生产状况及戊二醛在消毒方面，帛革工业，石油工业等方面的应用。同时对戊二醛产品的市场前景作了简要的叙述。     

三光气的合成和应用

综述了三光气的理化性质，合成方法及其在胆机合成中的应用。