Adaptive event-triggered consensus of singular multi-agent systems based on asynchronous data sampling

This paper is devoted to the problem of event-triggered consensus for a class of singular multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics. Firstly, in consideration of the impossibility to reach all agents in some case, an observer is designed to access these agents' states. Secondly, a novel adaptive event-triggered scheme is proposed based on asynchronous data sampling. In this scheme, the trigger parameter can be adjusted dynamically in order to reduce information transmissions among agents. Thirdly, by employing Lyapunov stability theory, a sufficient condition on the consensus of singular multi-agent systems is obtained. Then, the control protocol and event-triggering scheme are designed by solving a linear matrix inequality condition. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the proposed results.     

Asynchronous decentralised event-triggered control of multi-agent systems

In this paper, the consensus problem of first-order multi-agent systems under linear asynchronous decentralised event-triggered control is investigated. Both undirected and directed topologies are considered. In the analysis, the closed-loop multi-agent systems with the event-triggered control are modelled as switched systems. After proposing the decentralised event-triggered consensus protocols, decentralised state-dependent event conditions are derived, which act as switching signals. The consensus analyses are performed based on graph theory and stability results of switched systems. Under the event-triggered control schemes presented, consensus is reached with enlarged sampling periods and no Zeno behaviour. Simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.     

事件触发机制下的多智能体领导跟随一致性

研究了一类具有动态领导者的一阶多智能体系统的一致性问题。基于事件触发机制给出两种一致性协议,即集中式触发控制协议和分散式触发控制协议。利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论和模型转化方法分别给出多智能体系统在两种协议作用下达到领导跟随一致的充分条件。同时,理论计算表明,系统在两种控制协议下均不存在Zeno行为。实例仿真结果验证了理论方案的有效性。     

Distributed event-triggered consensus strategy for multi-agent systems under limited resources

The paper proposes a distributed structure to address an event-triggered consensus problem for multi-agent systems which aims at concurrent reduction in inter-agent communication, control input actuation and energy consumption. Following the proposed approach, asymptotic convergence of all agents to consensus requires that each agent broadcasts its sampled-state to the neighbours and updates its control input only at its own triggering instants, unlike the existing related works. Obviously, it decreases the network bandwidth usage, sensor energy consumption, computation resources usage and actuator wears. As a result, it facilitates the implementation of the proposed consensus protocol in the real-world applications with limited resources. The stability of the closed-loop system under an event-based protocol is proved analytically. Some numerical results are presented which confirm the analytical discussion on the effectiveness of the proposed design.     

Distributed event-triggered consensus for multi-agent systems with quantisation

This paper studies the consensus problem for multi-agent systems with quantised information communication via event-triggered control. First, the asynchronous event-triggered control for multi-agent systems is considered based on distributed uniform-quantised protocols. It is shown that practical consensus among agents is guaranteed and occurrence of Zeno behaviour is prevented under the designed event-triggering mechanisms. Second, under the proposed protocols using logarithmic quantised information, both synchronous and asynchronous event-triggered control algorithms are given to solve the practical consensus problem. Meanwhile, Zeno behaviour of the closed-loop systems can be excluded under the proposed event-triggered algorithms. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the derived results.     

Bipartite Byzantine-resilient event-triggered consensus control of heterogeneous multi-agent systems

This article studies the bipartite resilient event-triggered consensus control for a class of the heterogeneous multi-agent systems. Due to the external cyberattacks, some agents may become the Byzantine agents and will affect the behavior of the other agents. To improve the security of the multi-agent systems against the Byzantine agents, a novel bipartite event-triggered heterogeneous mean-subsequence-reduced algorithm is designed. First, to handle the heterogeneous multi-agent systems, a state transformation is carefully designed, to facilitate the design and analysis of the bipartite resilient consensus algorithm. Based upon the designed state transformation, the bipartite resilient control inputs are constructed, where the structural balance analysis shows that the resulting effective signed graph and the equivalent signed graph are both structurally balanced, if the signed graph of the multi-agent systems is structurally balanced. In addition, a dynamic event-triggered mechanism is proposed, where a set of dynamic factors are introduced into the event-triggered functions to prevent the usage of the global topology information. By virtue of the designed algorithm, it is guaranteed that the heterogeneous multi-agent systems can achieve the bipartite consensus in the presence of the Byzantine agents, and the communication burden among the agents can be reduced. The numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

事件触发控制下二阶多智能体的量化一致性

针对多智能体系统网络通信过程中信息需要量化的情况,研究了二阶多智能体系统在事件触发控制下的量化一致性。基于事件触发控制策略,提出一致性协议,并采用对数量化器对控制输入进行量化处理。利用Lyapunov稳定性理论,对系统进行一致性分析,得到了多智能体系统渐近趋于一致的充分条件。仿真结果说明了理论分析的有效性。     

事件触发控制多智能体网络点对点一致性

针对具有领导层与跟随者层的多智能体网络点对点的一致性问题进行了研究。为了有效降低多智能体一致性控制协议的更新频率,同时为避免芝诺现象的产生,采用了周期采样与事件触发控制相结合的方案,实现了多智能体网络的点对点一致性。进一步,根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,通过建立线性矩阵不等式,给出了领导层与跟随者层网络达到点对点一致性的充分条件。最后,数值仿真进一步验证了理论结果的有效性。     

事件触发下多智能体系统一致性的干扰主动控制

本文针对带有外部干扰影响的多智能体系统,研究了基于事件触发机制下的多智能体系统Leader-Following一致性的控制问题.采用干扰观测器来估计系统中存在的干扰,并设计了基于事件触发机制的干扰主动控制方案.运用现代控制理论和矩阵论等工具分析了多智能体协同运动算法得到了多智能体系统在分布式事件触发机制下的一致性收敛条件,并且分析了本文设计的分布式事件触发机制的时间间隔存在正的下界.最后通过计算机仿真,验证了本文所提控制算法的有效性.     

自适应事件触发控制的多智能体系统一致性

研究了拓扑结构为有向强连通图的多智能体系统的一致性问题。提出一种新的自适应事件触发控制方案,根据采样数据动态调整触发时间间隔,提高了系统的控制性能。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论和线性矩阵不等式方法,得到多智能系统渐进趋于一致的充分条件。同时,得到一致性条件与触发参数和通信拓扑有关的结论,数值仿真结果进一步验证了理论分析的有效性。     

动态事件触发机制下二阶多智能体系统完全分布式控制

本文研究了无向通信拓扑下二阶多智能体系统的一致性问题, 分别针对有领导者和无领导者的情形, 设计 了一类基于辅助动态变量的完全分布式事件触发控制策略, 该策略具有参数较少且易调等特点. 智能体自身的触 发函数满足条件时才向邻居广播自身的状态信息, 有效避免了连续通信, 减少了系统能量耗散. 每个智能体的控制 协议和触发函数都只用到自身的状态和邻居触发时刻的状态, 不涉及邻居的实时状态信息, 也不依赖通信拓扑网络 的任何全局信息. 利用代数图论以及Lyapunov稳定性理论, 证明在所提出的控制策略下, 二阶多智能体系统能够实 现渐近一致性, 且不存在Zeno行为. 仿真示例进一步验证了理论结果的有效性.     

Mean square consensus of stochastic multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics by distributed event-triggered strategy

This paper is concerned with the problem of mean square consensus for nonlinear multi-agent systems with state-dependent noise perturbations. A distributed event-triggered mechanism which can be used to reduce the number of controller updates and communication load is developed to apply in stochastic dynamical systems. By combining the tools of graph theory and stochastic analysis, the sufficient conditions are given to ensure that mean square consensus in the multi-agent systems can be achieved exponentially. The convergence rate is also analytically derived. Moreover, the feasibility of the proposed distributed event-triggered strategy is further verified by exclusion of Zeno behaviour. Finally, some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.     

Asynchronous consensus of continuous-time multi-agent systems with intermittent measurements

This article is concerned with asynchronous consensus problems of continuous-time second-order agents with fixed topology and time-varying delays. It is assumed that each agent obtains the measurements of its states relative to its neighbours only at discrete times and the discrete times of each agent are independent of the others'. It is proven that the asynchronous consensus is equivalent to the global asymptotic stability of a time-varying discrete-time system with delays. Furthermore, a sufficient condition for asynchronous consensus is established in virtue of the Lyapunov's direct method. Simulations are performed to validate the theoretical results.     

Generalised exponential consensus of the fractional-order nonlinear multi-agent systems via event-triggered control

In this paper, the leader-following consensus problem of the fractional-order nonlinear multi-agent systems via event-triggered control is considered. An effective event-triggered controller is designed and then generalised exponential consensus of the controlled multi-agent systems is studied in the sense of Mittag-Leffler stability of fractional-order systems. The event-triggering function design is dependent on the parameter of the system structure and the minimum inter-event interval can be flexibly adjusted with different fractional-order α. With the event-triggered control scheme, the consensus condition is obtained and the convergence rate of the system is estimated. Numerical simulation indicates the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

Agent-based time delay margin in consensus of multi-agent systems by an event-triggered control method: Concept and computation

This paper deals with defining the concept of agent-based time delay margin and computing its value in multi-agent systems controlled by event-triggered based controllers. The agent-based time delay margin specifying the time delay tolerance of each agent for ensuring consensus in event-triggered controlled multi-agent systems can be considered as complementary for the concept of (network) time delay margin, which has been previously introduced in some literature. In this paper, an event-triggered control method for achieving consensus in multi-agent systems with time delay is considered. It is shown that the Zeno behavior is excluded by applying this method. Then, in a multi-agent system controlled by the considered event-triggered method, the concept of agent-based time delay margin in the presence of a fixed network delay is defined. Moreover, an algorithm for computing the value of the time delay margin for each agent is proposed. Numerical simulation results are also provided to verify the obtained theoretical results.     

基于事件触发控制的二阶多智能体的一致性

研究二阶多智能体系统在固定有向拓扑下的一致性问题。为减少不必要的网络带宽资源的浪费,给出一种基于事件触发控制的一致性算法。该算法基于状态误差对系统中的所有个体建立事件触发函数,使得个体之间的信息通讯和控制信号更新仅在事件触发时刻进行。采用矩阵理论和模型变换思想对系统进行了分析和转化,并利用Lyapunov理论给出了系统达到渐近一致的充分条件。仿真结果验证了理论方案的有效性。     

Decentralised consensus for multiple Lagrangian systems based on event-triggered strategy

This paper considers the decentralised event-triggered consensus problem for multi-agent systems with Lagrangian dynamics under undirected graphs. First, a distributed, leaderless, and event-triggered consensus control algorithm is presented based on the definition of generalised positions and velocities for all agents. There is only one triggering function for both the generalised positions and velocities and no Zeno behaviour exhibited under the proposed consensus strategy. Second, an adaptive event-triggered consensus control algorithm is proposed for such multi-agent systems with unknown constant parameters. Third, based on sliding-mode method, an event-triggered consensus control algorithm is considered for the case with external disturbance. Finally, simulation results are given to illustrate the theoretical results.     

Leader-following consensus of nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems via event-triggered control

This paper investigates the consensus problem of leader-following multi-agent systems with fractional-order nonlinear dynamics. A typical event is defined as some error signals exceeding a given threshold. By applying Lyapunov functional approach and skills of computing function limit, consensus of the controlled multi-agent systems can be reached asymptotically. Meanwhile, the event-triggered algorithm can exclude Zeno behaviours. Finally, a numerical simulation is exploited to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical result.     

Integral-based event-triggered control for multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes an integral-based event-triggered control strategy to solve the consensus problem of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics. We first consider the leader-following consensus problem where the communication topology has a directed spanning tree with the leader as the root. It is proved that under the proposed strategy leader-following consensus is guaranteed and the inter-event intervals are lower bounded by positive constants. Then, the leaderless consensus problem of multi-agent systems is investigated under directed topology. We show that consensus is achieved and no Zeno behaviour occurs. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the obtained results.     

Adaptive periodic event-triggered consensus for multi-agent systems subject to input saturation

This paper investigates the distributed adaptive event-triggered consensus control for a class of nonlinear agents. Each agent is subject to input saturation. Two kinds of distributed event-triggered control scheme are introduced, one is continuous-time-based event-triggered scheme and the other is sampled-data-based event-triggered scheme. Compared with the traditional event-triggered schemes in the existing literatures, the parameters of the event-triggered schemes in this paper are adaptively adjusted by using some event-error-dependent adaptive laws. The problem of simultaneously deriving the controller gain matrix and the event-triggering parameter matrix, and tackling the saturation nonlinearity is cast into standard linear matrix inequalities problem. A convincing simulation example is given to demonstrate the theoretical results.