转炉基础自动化软件设计

文章介绍了涟钢转炉基础自动化系统的硬件构成与软件功能，论述了一些典型控制功能的实现方法，提出了一种结构化的编程方法。     

Towards the automation of address identification

A new semi-automatic method is presented to standardize or codify addresses, in order to produce bibliometric indicators from bibliographic databases. The hypothesis is that this new method is very trustworthy to normalize authors’ addresses, easy and quick to obtain. As a way to test the method, a set of already hand-coded data is chosen to verify its reliability: 136,821 Spanish documents (2006–2008) downloaded previously from the Web of Science database. Unique addresses from this set were selected to produce a list of keywords representing various institutional sectors. Once the list of terms is obtained, addresses are standardized with this information and the result is compared to the previous hand-coded data. Some tests are done to analyze possible association between both systems (automatic and hand-coding), calculating measures of recall and precision, and some statistical directional and symmetric measures. The outcome shows a good relation between both methods. Although these results are quite general, this overview of institutional sectors is a good way to develop a second approach for the selection of particular centers. This system has some new features because it provides a method based on the previous non-existence of master lists or tables and it has a certain impact on the automation of tasks. The validity of the hypothesis has been proved taking into account not only the statistical measures, but also considering that the obtaining of general and detailed scientific output is less time-consuming and will be even less due to the feedback of these master tables reused for the same kind of data. The same method could be used with any country and/or database creating a new master list taking into account their specific characteristics.     

Dimensions of scientometric indicator datafiles

Scientometric indicators are treated according to dimensional approaches. One, two, three, dimensions and multidimensional characteristics are revealed graphically for giving a panoramic view on the publication activity and citation impact of different countries.     

OPC接口技术在工业自动化系统中的应用

OPC接口技术的出现使工业自动化系统中独立单元之间的互联趋于标准化，顺应了自动化系统向开放、互操作、网络化、标准化方向发展的趋势，是自动化控制系统中很有发展前景的一种数据交换标准。本文介绍OPC接口技术的相关概念，原理和运行机制，并通过一个实际的管控一体化系统的开发证实了OPC技术在石化企业管控一体化应用中的可行性和实用性。     

A proposed psychological model of driving automation

This paper considers psychological variables pertinent to driver automation. It is anticipated that driving with automated systems is likely to have a major impact on the drivers and a multiplicity of factors needs to be taken into account. A systems analysis of the driver, vehicle and automation served as the basis for eliciting psychological factors. The main variables to be considered were: feed-back, locus of control, mental workload, driver stress, situational awareness and mental representations. It is expected that anticipating the effects on the driver brought about by vehicle automation could lead to improved design strategies. Based on research evidence in the literature, the psychological factors were assembled into a model for further investigation.     

The automation of two dual push-rod dilatometers

The method used to automate two dual push-rod dilatometers is presented. The two dilatometers are operated simultaneously under computer control and the data are collected concurrently. The computer system, a PDP 11, is part of a laboratory network where any one of four systems can control the dilatometers. The thermal expansion results are calculated and displayed in real time.Paper presented at the Ninth International Thermal Expansion Symposium, December 8–10, 1986, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.     

一类自仿集的维数估计

本文给出了一类自仿集的维数估计式。利用它们可方便地求出某些自仿集维数的上界或下界。     

Human mismatches and preferences for automation

The research reported in this paper is concerned with gaining a better understanding of human factors issues in machining and the automation of manufacturing tasks. Mismatches between operators' performance and the requirements of machining tasks were experimentally studied with respect to the relationships with various human characteristics, including skill, age, work experience, self-confidence and trust. Twelve hypotheses concerning interrelationships between these characteristics were evaluated and important relationships established. It is considered that this increased knowledge of the rate of mismatches and an understanding of the causes is essential for the successful design of new working environments, machines and tasks. Much of this change to the working environment is likely to involve some degree of automation of the operators' tasks and so a second and important aspect of the study was designed to establish the extent to which preferred levels of automation were related to the same human characteristics. Four further hypotheses relating preferred levels of automation to skill, age, work experience, self-confidence and trust were tested with results that, in some cases, were unexpected and in others contradict the findings of previous research.     

A brain-based system for adaptive automation

Adaptive automation refers to technology that can change its mode of operation dynamically. Further, both the technology and the operator can initiate changes in the level or mode of automation. One of the important issues surrounding this technology concerns the method for initiating changes in the state of automation. The present paper considers the potential of using brain activity to drive an adaptive automation system. Relevant research on EEG is presented followed by a review of several experiments in which EEG is used to trigger changes among system modes in an adaptive automation system. The system moderates operator task load based upon an index derived from a ratio of EEG power bands. The research shows that it may be feasible to build an adaptive automation system and use this index of brain activity to drive the system. The paper concludes with a discussion of several issues that still need to be addressed before this approach can move beyond the laboratory.     

Radiative Transfer in Two Dimensions

A first approximation is obtained for the distribution of intensity in a semi infinite scattering medium illuminated by normally incident radiation whose flux is an arbitrary function of one Cartesian coordinate in the boundary plane. Une première approximation est obtenue pour la distribution de l'intensité dans un milieu diffusant éclairé sous l'incidence normale par un rayonnement dont le flux est une fonction arbitraire de l'une des coordonnées cartésiennes dans le plan frontière. Es wird eine erste Näherung für die Intensitätsverteilung in dem Halbraum eines streuenden Mediums unter folgenden Annahmen aufgestellt: Die Strahlung fällt senkrecht ein, wobei der Lichtstrom eine willkürliche Funktion einer Koordinate der Grenzfläche ist.