基于面部微表情的动画关键帧二次嵌套插值法（英文）

微表情是源于人的情感表情的真实体现,在动画制作的过程中无论是二维动画还是三维动画的人物表情都需要尽量模拟真实人物面部表情。微表情动画关键帧嵌套指在参考真实微表情数据的基础上,形成模拟的微表情图形,将图形的关键帧在已有的表情动画关键帧序列基础上进行二次嵌套插入,对面部表情进行精细化的动画模拟。基于人面部微表情库的数据来对关键帧数据进行图形创建和插入,实验结果比没有插入微表情关键帧的动画效果更加生动,动画制作模拟精度更高,更有带入感。此方法对于提高二维动画、三维动画和VR模拟人物面部动画效果都具有一定的实用价值。     

四柱液压机装配动画仿真视频的制作

灵活应用三维建模软件SolidWorks、二维动画制作软件Flash、三维动画制作软件3DVIA Composer、视频编辑软件Avid Liquid、图像处理软件Photoshop、程序开发软件VB等十几种应用软件,开发制作了液压机装配动画仿真视频及光盘自动运行界面,将YL32-200型四柱液压机的装配动画仿真视频、液压原理动画、产品样本、产品说明书、公司简介等一起链接到光盘启动界面中,不仅实现了指导用户进行机床的调试安装、维护等功能,还起到了一定的宣传作用。     

钢丝绳在折线卷筒上缠绕过程的三维运动仿真制作

本文介绍了利用先进的三维动画仿真软件实现钢丝绳在折线卷筒上缠绕过程的动画制作。     

CAXA实体设计软件应用中的几点疑点探析

介绍了三维实体设计软件CAXA实体设计的功能及特点,该软件功能齐全,能全面解决产品的概念设计,零件设计,装配设计,钣金设计以及真实效果模拟和动画仿真;论文重点探讨了在软件应用中遇到的一些问题：如通用零件标准参数及设计方法与国家标准不一致,三维实体模型与二维工程图之间相互转换时出现问题等,并提出了自己的观点.     

基于二维高密度电阻率数据的二、三维反演对比(英文)

目前高密度电阻率法所采用的数据处理方法主要是将地质结构体视为二度体进行二维处理,因而二维数据资料处理结果只是一种近似解释,其计算精度与反演效果达不到精确反演的要求。设计两种典型的电阻率异常地质体模型,利用有限单元法进行正演计算。为更真实地模拟实测数据并分析二维、三维反演算法对噪声的敏感度,在正演剖面中加入1%的高斯随机误差,然后再分别利用最小二乘法进行高密度电阻率法二维、三维反演。对比二维和三维高密度电阻率法的反演水平切片及垂直切片图可知,三维反演受高斯随机误差的影响更小,反演结果在模型异常位置、形态和电阻率特性反映上都比二维反演的效果更好,与实际地质模型更接近。     

一种基于关键帧重载的虚拟人运动控制方法

为了解决基于关键帧的虚拟人运动动画在面对台阶行走时逼真度下降的问题,提出关键帧重载技术。分析虚拟人的平地行走模式与台阶行走模式之间的相似与差异,结合关键帧技术与反向动力学计算技术,对虚拟人台阶行走的特定关键帧进行重绘,使虚拟人具有对环境的实时反应,并进行了实验分析。实验结果表明:采用提出的基于关键帧重载技术的虚拟人运动控制方法可以提高虚拟人行走的逼真度。     

铸件凝固模拟动态图形演示技术

分析了动画显示技术在铸件凝固模拟中的重要作用，简要地介绍了ＦＬＣ动画原理，并以一定实用程度示范ＦＬＣ动画文件的制作技术。读者可将该程序直接用于自己的动画制作，使用方便，适应性较宽。     

经纬铸造CAD／CAE系统的开发与应用

经纬铸造CAD软件为用户提供了利用ICEM DDN的二维绘图界面完成砂型铸造工艺、工装CAD。工艺人员通过界面拾取工艺标准图形、确定工艺参数、浇冒口设计计算,实现在产品图基础上快速、方便地完成工艺、工装设计。经纬铸造CAE软件为用户提供利用Pro/E三维造型软件的SLA数据接口输出造型文件,通过MOTIF和C语言开发的用户界面进行铁液充型及温度场模拟、分析,从而保证工艺合理以及优化设计。     

模具装配过程的动态模拟及其应用

运用动画模拟软件Solid Works Animator制作了模具装配过程的动画。对于结构比较复杂的模具，实现模其装配过程的动态模拟可以更好地展示模具的内部结构，有助于客户直观感受模具设计模型，从而进一步完善模具设计，而且可以将此动画过程录制成AVI格式动画文件，从而能够在任何基于Windows的媒体播放器中进行播放，同时还可以将此动画应用于多媒体教学当中。     

基于二维不规则图形的实用排样算法研究

论文对二维不规则图形进行排样,先采用最小矩形包络法对不规则图形进行矩形包络,并求取最小的包络矩形。而后采用基于最低水平线的搜索算法对最小包络矩形进行初步排样,在此基础上使用平移靠接算法对初步排样的二维不规则图形进行平移靠接,减少板材的局部浪费,提高材料的利用率。实例证明了该综合算法的可行性和有效性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.