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《石油化工应用》2016,(3)
延长油田某炼厂含油污泥的含水率为19.63%,含油率为28.85%,外观呈油黑色,具有较大的回收利用价值。以热解油回收率为考核指标,通过单因素实验和正交实验对某炼厂含油污泥热解参数进行了优化,研究了热解终温、停留时间、氮气流速、升温速率以及加热方式对热解油回收率的影响规律,并初步分析了热解终温对热解油凝点的影响。结果表明,热解时间对热解油回收率影响最大,氮气流速无明显影响。最佳热解条件为:污泥初温时加入热解炉,热解终温440℃、停留时间4 h、氮气流速80 m L·min~(-1)、升温速率10℃·min~(-1),此时的热解油回收率最大,达到73.56%。另外,在热解终温400℃~450℃范围内,随着温度的升高,热解油的凝固点逐渐降低。 相似文献
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采用热解法对油田污泥进行处理,通过热解分析及热解放大试验,考察不同温度下热解油收率的变化,并对热解油进行加氢精制研究。结果表明:随着热解温度升高,产油率降低,热解终温以600℃较为适宜,产油率为38.61%,产气率为6.52%;热解油的残炭、金属含量、硫含量、氮含量以及沥青质含量均较低;在反应温度为420℃、氢分压为12.0 MPa、氢油体积比为800、体积空速为1.0h~(-1)的条件下,热解油经加氢处理后,脱硫率为94.5%,脱氮率为89.4%,氢油馏分收率较高,可作为轻质燃料调合组分,而蜡油馏分及重油馏分可以作为优质的加氢裂化原料,进而获得更多的轻质燃料。 相似文献
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采用热重分析仪对胜华炼油厂的含油污泥在氮气气氛下进行热重分析,考察在5 ℃omin-1、10 ℃omin-1和15 ℃omin-1的升温速率下的热重曲线并分析其热解特性,实验结果表明,污泥热解分为二个阶段:水份的析出阶段和有机物的热解反应阶段。对主要的有机物热解阶段采用微分法对实验数据进行回归拟合,确定污泥热解机理方程,并求出反应动力学活化能E和频率因子A。温度范围为200℃-450℃反应级数为2级,温度范围为450℃-900℃反应级数为0.8级,在不同升温速率下两个温度范围的活化能变化不大。 相似文献
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含油污泥热解特性和动力学研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用热重分析仪对胜华炼油厂的含油污泥在氮气气氛下进行热重分析,考察不同升温速率下含油污泥的热重曲线并分析其热解特性.采用微分法对实验数据进行回归拟合,确定含油污泥热解动力学方程,求出反应活化能E和频率因子A.结果表明,含油污泥有机物的热解反应第一阶段(200~450℃)反应级数为2.0;第二阶段(450~900℃)反应级数为0.8.升温速率分别为5,10,15℃/min时,有机物热解第一阶段的活化能分别为33.95,36.63,38.99 kJ/mol;第二阶段的活化能分别为16.31,12.98,15.97 kJ/mol,总体上变化不大. 相似文献
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为实现储罐含油污泥的无害化和资源化处理,满足国标对残渣污染物的指标要求,以某油田储油罐罐底含油污泥为例,在理化特性分析的基础上,利用真空管式热解炉进行单因素优化实验,并针对热解产物进行分析,得到最佳的热解工艺参数。通过投加催化剂不仅可降低热解终温和热解时间,也可提高油品回收率和油品质量;最佳工艺参数为热解终温460℃,热解时间2 h,温升速率10℃/min,氮气流速100 mL/min,催化剂添加量1%,此时油相回收率为93.5%,污泥含油量由35.05%(质量分数)降低至残渣含油0.56%。研究表明,投加催化剂后的热解残渣具有脱碳、脱氢、固氮的效果,残渣中的热值有所降低,热解油中C6—C20的轻组分含量上升,C21—C54的重组分含量下降;热解残渣污染物指标含量均小于A级污泥产物限值。研究结果可为含油污泥无害化处理提供实际参考。 相似文献
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含油污泥热解及其残渣与煤粉混合物的燃烧过程研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《石油化工应用》2016,(9):113-116
利用热重-Fourier变换红外光谱仪对含油污泥的热解及其残渣与煤粉混合物的燃烧反应过程进行了研究。研究结果表明,含油污泥的热解过程经历了水分蒸发,轻质组分挥发,重质组分裂解及矿物质分解四个阶段。热解残渣与煤粉混合物的燃烧反应过程经历了挥发分析出、燃烧与焦炭燃烧及矿物质分解两个阶段。燃烧过程在富氧条件下进行,其失重率大于热解过程。将含油污泥热解,再将热解残渣与煤粉混合颗粒化后作为燃料使用,可实现含油污泥的彻底处理利用。 相似文献
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通过物理浮选与化学分离相结合的方式对含油污泥热解残渣进行资源化处理,回收热解残渣中的热解炭,并将其应用于采油污水的处理与工业油品的吸附。结果表明:回收的热解炭纯度达到95.93%,其表面分布着诸多形状不规则的孔隙,孔隙结构以中孔为主,比表面积、孔隙体积与平均孔径分别为454.47 m^2/g,0.61 cm^3/g和6.91 nm。同等条件下,热解炭对采油污水中COD和石油类的处理效果优于活性炭。对于柴油和原油的吸附,热解炭的初始瞬时吸附速率比活性炭分别快3.8倍和1.86倍。当热解炭达到吸附饱和时,活性炭对柴油和原油的累积吸附量远低于热解炭。 相似文献
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含油污泥是油气田开发的伴生物,随着全国工业发展环保压力的持续增大,含油污泥处理已成为各大石油开发企业亟待解决的问题。根据大庆油田含油污泥无害化、减量化现状,以含油污泥热解技术为研究基础,详细阐述现有含油污泥处理工艺的流程,分析其优缺点及适用范围,并对含油污泥热解后产生的固相残渣的含水率、密度、颗粒分析、塑性指数、渗透系数和有机质含量等物理特性分析试验,采用《公路土工试验规程》中相关指标及方法进行试验,试验结果表明:含油污泥热解残渣的密度为1.43 g/cm2,匀粒土,级配不良,可划分为细砂(粗粒土),有机质含量为2.40%,按密实度分属于松砂(10~25 MPa),压缩性较高。试验结果为今后含油污泥资源化利用工程材料方向研究提供理论依据和基础数据,建议含油污泥资源化利用方向为制备路基稳定土、井场垫方和制备混凝土路面砖等。 相似文献
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为了达到含油污泥无害化和资源化处理的目的,使用真空管式热解炉对某炼油厂的含油污泥开展了催化热解实验。以油相回收率为评价指标,优选出了最佳的催化热解工艺参数,并将热解残渣经过活化处理后应用于含油废水的吸附处理中。催化热解实验结果表明:当催化剂活性白土的加量为1.5%(质量分数)、热解温度为440 ℃、热解时间为3 h、升温速率为10 ℃/min时,油相的回收率可以达到87.8%,达到了高效回收油相资源的目的。热解残渣使用KOH和NaOH活化处理后,其比表面积和孔体积明显高于商用活性炭,并且其重金属浸出含量远小于标准控制值。活化后的热解残渣吸附性能评价结果表明:当热解残渣加量为3%(质量分数)时,含油废水中的石油类物质含量降低率可以达到90%以上,COD值降低率可以达到95%以上,吸附效率明显高于商用活性炭,经过热解残渣吸附处理后的废水中石油类物质含量和COD值均可满足GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中的一级排放标准要求,实现了热解残渣资源化利用的目标。 相似文献
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To raise the recovery of oil during pyrolysis, reactions were performed on oily sludge using catalysts such as a molecular sieve and an Fe-containing molecular sieve catalyst in a tubular furnace reactor. The catalysts were prepared through hydrothermal method and characterized by various characterization methods. The results of the sample for the test have shown that more time could significantly increase the oil yield. The rate of oil recovery was increased with the increase of the catalytic in the initial phase and decreased at the back of the stage. In addition, higher temperature contributed to higher oil production, and at the same time the optimal ratio of molecular sieve catalytic to sludge was found to be 0.035. Research has revealed that the content of oil recovery rate could reach up to 85.52%. The effects of catalytic on the recovery improve rate of oil in oily sludge samples presented the following decreasing order of the molecular sieve and the Fe-containing molecular sieve. 相似文献
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辽河油田含油污泥资源化利用的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过室内热解实验对辽河油田压滤污泥和清罐油泥进行资源化利用的研究,结果表明,热解后产生的热解油、不凝气具有较高的回收利用价值,而且压滤污泥热解残渣灼烧灰中Al2O3含量达47%以上,回收价值也较高,从而基本实现污泥的资源化利用。 相似文献
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The focus of the research is the minimizing amount of oil sludge via dehydration. The effects of using combination of polyaluminum chloride and biomass as additives on the possible improvement of the dehydration performance (evaluated via water content of oily sludge) of oil sludge and on the yield of pyrolysis oil at 723 K were investigated. The main influencing factors of dehydration considered in the experiment are biomass species and dosage, temperature, and flocculation time. The water content of oily sludge was significantly reduced when biomass ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 wt% on dosage ratio. The best phase dehydration performance was obtained from Apricot shell of 0.5 wt% at 313–323 K at flocculate time of 30–40 min, while the highest recovery percent of pyrolysis oil (33.54%) was obtained from Walnut shell of 1.0 wt%. The results indicate that the positive effects of the biomass in oily sludge on the improvement of dehydration performance and on recovery rate of the pyrolysis oil were observed. The main reasons that the improvement of dehydration performance may be responsible for the mixtures containing different proportions of oil sludge and biomass. The pyrolysis of the mixtures can increase the yield of pyrolysis oil and the higher heating value of oily sludge. 相似文献
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对锦西石化含油污泥进行分析和研究,根据含油污泥粘度大、固液难分离的特点,通过对含油污泥进行化学调质,运用卧螺式两相离心机进行离心分离,回收油可达到回炼要求,从而实现含油污泥的资源化利用。 相似文献
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以3种典型含油污泥(落地油泥、罐底油泥及煤焦油泥)为例,研究其热解产物的质量分布、性质和能量分布;并在此基础上,通过综合分析该热解系统能量平衡、不同工艺对应的环保效益和经济指标来确定油泥热解工艺方案和目标产物。研究表明, 3种油泥热解产生气体量均很少,利用气体产物燃烧不足以满足其热解供热的需求。对热解炭总热量大于等于1.8倍的热解系统需热量的煤焦油泥,工艺上应考虑将热解炭气化与热解产生的可燃气一起燃烧满足热解供热需求,目标产物为回收热解油。而对于无机组分含量高的落地油泥,推荐采用柴油供能并以回收热解油为目标产物。对于极黏稠、灰含量低的罐底油泥,其热解炭热值高且灰含量也低,具有回收价值,可作为目标产物;而其热解油应考虑采取降黏措施。 相似文献
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Significant quantities of oily sludge are formed in the process of oil production. As a multiphase mixture, it shares the characteristics of high emulsion stability and faces the challenges of disposing, storing, and discharging. The surface engineering operations are directly affected by the oily sludge, and the petroleum industry environments are threatened simultaneously. An investigation of characterizing the composition properties of oily sludge in Daqing oilfield was carried out recently. One kind of disposal equipment was established, large scale disposal simulation experiments were conducted, and the conditioning demulsification method was presented. The results indicated that oily sludge aggregation are consist of aging oil, wax, asphaltine, colloid, bacterium, salts, and water. Decrease the volume through reducing water-cut is a dominant method that would be beneficial to managing the oily sludge disposal with high efficiency and harmlessness, and conditioning demulsification plays an indispensable role in the whole process. The chemicals dosage, agitation intensity, disposal temperature and action time, as the primary parameters that would affect conditioning effect were all simulated and optimized respectively. Furthermore, the disposal process was designed, and the main equipments are recommended. 相似文献